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### Pipe, Entrance

Figure 92: Entrance

A entrance (Figure 92) is characterized by head losses of the form:

| (32)

where is a head loss coefficient depending on the ratio , is the mass flow, g is the gravity acceleration and is the liquid density. and are the cross section of the entrance and of the pipe, respectively. Values for can be found in file ``liquidpipe.f''.

The following constants have to be specified on the line beneath the *FLUID SECTION, TYPE=PIPE ENTRANCE card:

The gravity acceleration must be specified by a gravity type *DLOAD card defined for the elements at stake. The material characteristic can be defined by a *DENSITY card.

Example files: pipe, piperestrictor.