## org.apache.lucene.store
Class MMapDirectory

    java.lang.Object
      org.apache.lucene.store.Directory
          org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory
              org.apache.lucene.store.MMapDirectory

All Implemented Interfaces:
  Closeable

    public class MMapDirectory

extends FSDirectory

File-based `Directory` implementation that uses mmap for reading, and `FSDirectory.FSIndexOutput` for writing.

NOTE: memory mapping uses up a portion of the virtual memory address space in your process equal to the size of the file being mapped. Before using this class, be sure your have plenty of virtual address space, e.g. by using a 64 bit JRE, or a 32 bit JRE with indexes that are guaranteed to fit within the address space. On 32 bit platforms also consult `MMapDirectory(File, LockFactory, int)` if you have problems with mmap failing because of fragmented address space. If you get an OutOfMemoryException, it is recommended to reduce the chunk size, until it works.

Due to this bug in Sun's JRE, MMapDirectory's `IndexInput.close()` is unable to close the underlying OS file handle. Only when GC finally collects the underlying objects, which could be quite some time later, will the file handle be closed.

This will consume additional transient disk usage: on Windows, attempts to delete or overwrite the files will result in an exception; on other platforms, which typically have a "delete on last close" semantics, while such operations will succeed, the bytes are still consuming space on disk. For many applications this limitation is not a problem (e.g. if you have plenty of disk space, and you don't rely on overwriting files on Windows) but it's still an important limitation to be aware of.

This class supplies the workaround mentioned in the bug report (see `setUseUnmap(boolean)`), which may fail on non-Sun JVMs. It forcefully unmaps the buffer on close by using an undocumented internal cleanup functionality. `UNMAP_SUPPORTED` is `true`, if the workaround can be enabled (with no guarantees).

NOTE: Accessing this class either directly or indirectly from a thread while it's interrupted can close the underlying channel immediately if at the same time the thread is blocked on IO. The channel will remain closed and subsequent access to `MMapDirectory` will throw a `ClosedChannelException`.

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory
`FSDirectory.FSIndexInput, FSDirectory.FSIndexOutput`

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class org.apache.lucene.store.Directory
`Directory.IndexInputSlicer`

Field Summary
`static int` `DEFAULT_MAX_BUFF` Default max chunk size.
`static boolean` `UNMAP_SUPPORTED` `true`, if this platform supports unmapping mmapped files.

Fields inherited from class org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory
`DEFAULT_READ_CHUNK_SIZE, directory, staleFiles`

Fields inherited from class org.apache.lucene.store.Directory
`isOpen, lockFactory`

Constructor Summary
`MMapDirectory(File path)` Create a new MMapDirectory for the named location and `NativeFSLockFactory`.
`MMapDirectory(File path, LockFactory lockFactory)` Create a new MMapDirectory for the named location.
`MMapDirectory(File path, LockFactory lockFactory, int maxChunkSize)` Create a new MMapDirectory for the named location, specifying the maximum chunk size used for memory mapping.

Method Summary
`Directory.IndexInputSlicer` `createSlicer(String name, IOContext context)` Creates an `Directory.IndexInputSlicer` for the given file name.
`int` `getMaxChunkSize()` Returns the current mmap chunk size.
`boolean` `getUseUnmap()` Returns `true`, if the unmap workaround is enabled.
`IndexInput` `openInput(String name, IOContext context)` Creates an IndexInput for the file with the given name.
`void` `setUseUnmap(boolean useUnmapHack)` This method enables the workaround for unmapping the buffers from address space after closing `IndexInput`, that is mentioned in the bug report.

Methods inherited from class org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory
`close, createOutput, deleteFile, ensureCanWrite, fileExists, fileLength, fileModified, fsync, getDirectory, getLockID, getReadChunkSize, listAll, listAll, onIndexOutputClosed, open, open, setLockFactory, setReadChunkSize, sync, toString`

Methods inherited from class org.apache.lucene.store.Directory
`clearLock, copy, ensureOpen, getLockFactory, makeLock`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

Field Detail

### DEFAULT_MAX_BUFF

    public static final int DEFAULT_MAX_BUFF

  Default max chunk size.

  See Also:
    `MMapDirectory(File, LockFactory, int)`

### UNMAP_SUPPORTED

    public static final boolean UNMAP_SUPPORTED

  `true`, if this platform supports unmapping mmapped files.

Constructor Detail

### MMapDirectory

    public MMapDirectory(File path,
                         LockFactory lockFactory)
                  throws IOException

  Create a new MMapDirectory for the named location.

  Parameters:
    `path` - the path of the directory
    `lockFactory` - the lock factory to use, or null for the default (`NativeFSLockFactory`);
  Throws:
    `IOException` - if there is a low-level I/O error

### MMapDirectory

    public MMapDirectory(File path)
                  throws IOException

  Create a new MMapDirectory for the named location and `NativeFSLockFactory`.

  Parameters:
    `path` - the path of the directory
  Throws:
    `IOException` - if there is a low-level I/O error

### MMapDirectory

    public MMapDirectory(File path,
                         LockFactory lockFactory,
                         int maxChunkSize)
                  throws IOException

  Create a new MMapDirectory for the named location, specifying the maximum chunk size used for memory mapping.

  Parameters:
    `path` - the path of the directory
    `lockFactory` - the lock factory to use, or null for the default (`NativeFSLockFactory`);
    `maxChunkSize` - maximum chunk size (default is 1 GiBytes for 64 bit JVMs and 256 MiBytes for 32 bit JVMs) used for memory mapping.

    Especially on 32 bit platform, the address space can be very fragmented, so large index files cannot be mapped. Using a lower chunk size makes the directory implementation a little bit slower (as the correct chunk may be resolved on lots of seeks) but the chance is higher that mmap does not fail. On 64 bit Java platforms, this parameter should always be `1 << 30`, as the address space is big enough.

    Please note: The chunk size is always rounded down to a power of 2.

  Throws:
    `IOException` - if there is a low-level I/O error

Method Detail

### setUseUnmap

    public void setUseUnmap(boolean useUnmapHack)

  This method enables the workaround for unmapping the buffers from address space after closing `IndexInput`, that is mentioned in the bug report. This hack may fail on non-Sun JVMs. It forcefully unmaps the buffer on close by using an undocumented internal cleanup functionality.

  NOTE: Enabling this is completely unsupported by Java and may lead to JVM crashes if `IndexInput` is closed while another thread is still accessing it (SIGSEGV).

  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if `UNMAP_SUPPORTED` is `false` and the workaround cannot be enabled.

### getUseUnmap

    public boolean getUseUnmap()

  Returns `true`, if the unmap workaround is enabled.

  See Also:
    `setUseUnmap(boolean)`

### getMaxChunkSize

    public final int getMaxChunkSize()

  Returns the current mmap chunk size.

  See Also:
    `MMapDirectory(File, LockFactory, int)`

### openInput

    public IndexInput openInput(String name,
                                IOContext context)
                         throws IOException

  Creates an IndexInput for the file with the given name.

  Specified by:
    `openInput` in class `Directory`
  Throws:
    `IOException`

### createSlicer

    public Directory.IndexInputSlicer createSlicer(String name,
                                                   IOContext context)
                                            throws IOException

  Description copied from class: `Directory`
  Creates an `Directory.IndexInputSlicer` for the given file name. IndexInputSlicer allows other `Directory` implementations to efficiently open one or more sliced `IndexInput` instances from a single file handle. The underlying file handle is kept open until the `Directory.IndexInputSlicer` is closed.

  Overrides:
    `createSlicer` in class `Directory`
  Throws:
    `IOException` - if an `IOException` occurs

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