%%
%% %CopyrightBegin%
%%
%% Copyright Ericsson AB 2008-2012. All Rights Reserved.
%%
%% The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
%% Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
%% compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
%% Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
%% retrieved online at http://www.erlang.org/.
%%
%% Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
%% basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
%% the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
%% under the License.
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%% %CopyrightEnd%
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% File    : wx.erl
%%% Author  : Dan Gudmundsson <dgud@erix.ericsson.se>
%%% Description :
%%%
%%% Created : 22 Feb 2007 by Dan Gudmundsson <dgud@erix.ericsson.se>
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------

%% @doc A port of <a href="http://www.wxwidgets.org/">wxWidgets</a>.
%%
%% This is the base api of <a href="http://www.wxwidgets.org/">wxWidgets</a>.
%% This module contains functions for
%% starting and stopping the wx-server, as well as  other utility functions.
%%
%% wxWidgets is object oriented, and not functional. Thus, in wxErlang a
%% module represents a class, and the object created by this class
%% has an own type, wxCLASS().  This module represents the base
%% class, and all other wxMODULE's are sub-classes of this class.
%%
%% Objects of a class are created with wxCLASS:new(...) and destroyed with
%% wxCLASS:destroy(). Member functions are called with wxCLASS:member(Object, ...)
%% instead of as in C++ Object.member(...).
%%
%% Sub class modules inherit (non static) functions from their parents.
%% The inherited functions are not documented in the sub-classes.
%%
%% This erlang port of wxWidgets tries to be a one-to-one mapping with
%% the original wxWidgets library. Some things are different though,
%% as the optional arguments use property lists and can be in any
%% order. The main difference is the event handling which is different
%% from the original library. See {@link wxEvtHandler}.
%%
%% The following classes are implemented directly as erlang types: <br />
%% wxPoint={x,y},wxSize={w,h},wxRect={x,y,w,h},wxColour={r,g,b [,a]},
%% wxString={@link //stdlib/unicode:chardata()},
%% wxGBPosition={r,c},wxGBSpan={rs,cs},wxGridCellCoords={r,c}.
%%
%% wxWidgets uses a process specific environment, which is created by
%% {@link wx:new/0}.  To be able to use the environment from other
%% processes, call {@link get_env/0} to retrieve the environment and
%% {@link set_env/1} to assign the environment in the other process.
%%
%% Global (classless) functions are located in the wx_misc module.

-module(wx).

-export([parent_class/1, new/0, new/1, destroy/0,
	 get_env/0,set_env/1, debug/1,
	 batch/1,foreach/2,map/2,foldl/3,foldr/3,
	 getObjectType/1, typeCast/2,
	 null/0, is_null/1]).

-export([create_memory/1, get_memory_bin/1,
	 retain_memory/1, release_memory/1]).

-export([demo/0]).

-export_type([wx_object/0, wx_env/0, wx_memory/0]).
-export_type([wx_colour/0, wx_colour4/0, wx_datetime/0,
	      wx_enum/0, wx_wxMouseState/0, wx_wxHtmlLinkInfo/0]).

-include("wxe.hrl").
-include("../include/wx.hrl").

-type wx_object() :: #wx_ref{}.  %% Opaque object reference
-type wx_env() :: #wx_env{}.     %% Opaque process environment
-type wx_memory() :: binary() | #wx_mem{}.     %% Opaque memory reference

-type wx_colour4() :: {R::byte(),G::byte(),B::byte(), A::byte()}.
-type wx_colour()  :: {R::byte(),G::byte(),B::byte()}  | wx_colour4().

-type wx_datetime() :: {{Year::integer(),Month::integer(),Day::integer()},
			{Hour::integer(),Minute::integer(),Second::integer()}}. %% In Local Timezone

-type wx_wxMouseState() :: #wxMouseState{}.  %% See #wxMouseState{} defined in wx.hrl
-type wx_enum() :: integer().      %% Constant defined in wx.hrl
-type wx_wxHtmlLinkInfo() :: #wxHtmlLinkInfo{}.

parent_class(_) -> true. %% Let the null pointers be sent down.

%% @doc Starts a wx server.
-spec new() -> wx_object().
new() ->
    new([]).

%% @doc Starts a wx server.
%% Option may be {debug, Level}, see debug/1.
%% Or {silent_start, Bool}, which causes error messages at startup to
%% be suppressed. The latter can be used as a silent test of whether
%% wx is properly installed or not.
-spec new([Option]) -> wx_object() when Option :: {debug, list() | atom()} |
                                                  {silent_start, boolean()}.
new(Options) when is_list(Options) ->
    Debug = proplists:get_value(debug, Options, 0),
    SilentStart = proplists:get_value(silent_start, Options, false),
    Level = calc_level(Debug),
    #wx_env{port=Port} = wxe_server:start(SilentStart andalso Level =:= 0),
    put(opengl_port, Port),
    set_debug(Level),
    null().

%% @doc Stops a wx server.
-spec destroy() -> ok.
destroy() ->
    wxe_server:stop(),
    erase(?WXE_IDENTIFIER),
    ok.

%% @doc Gets this process's current wx environment.
%% Can be sent to other processes to allow them use this process wx environment.
%% @see set_env/1
-spec get_env() -> wx_env().
get_env() ->
    case get(?WXE_IDENTIFIER) of
	undefined -> erlang:error({wxe,unknown_port});
	Env = #wx_env{} -> Env
    end.

%% @doc Sets the process wx environment, allows this process to use
%% another process wx environment.
-spec set_env(wx_env()) -> ok.
set_env(#wx_env{sv=Pid, port=Port} = Env) ->
    put(?WXE_IDENTIFIER, Env),
    put(opengl_port, Port),
    %%    wxe_util:cast(?REGISTER_PID, <<>>),
    wxe_server:register_me(Pid),
    ok.

%% @doc Returns the null object
-spec null() -> wx_object().
null() ->
    #wx_ref{ref=0, type=wx}.

%% @doc Returns true if object is null, false otherwise
-spec is_null(wx_object()) -> boolean().
is_null(#wx_ref{ref=NULL}) -> NULL =:= 0.

%% @doc Returns the object type
-spec getObjectType(wx_object()) -> atom().
getObjectType(#wx_ref{type=Type}) ->
    Type.

%% @doc Casts the object to class NewType.
%%  It is needed when using functions like wxWindow:findWindow/2, which
%%  returns a generic wxObject type.
-spec typeCast(wx_object(), atom()) -> wx_object().
typeCast(Old=#wx_ref{}, NewType) when is_atom(NewType) ->
    Old#wx_ref{type=NewType}.

%% @doc Batches all <c>wx</c> commands
%% used in the fun.  Improves performance of the command processing by
%% grabbing the wxWidgets thread so that no event processing will be
%% done before the complete batch of commands is invoked.
%%
%% @see map/2
%% @see foreach/2
%% @see foldl/3
%% @see foldr/3
-spec batch(function()) -> term().
batch(Fun) ->
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_BEGIN, <<>>),
    try Fun()
    catch
	error:W -> erlang:exit({W, erlang:get_stacktrace()});
	throw:W -> erlang:throw(W);
	exit:W  -> erlang:exit(W)
    after
        ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_END, <<>>)
    end.

%% @doc Behaves like {@link //stdlib/lists:foreach/2} but batches wx commands. See {@link batch/1}.
-spec foreach(function(), list()) -> ok.
foreach(Fun, List) ->
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_BEGIN, <<>>),
    try lists:foreach(Fun, List)
    catch
	error:W -> erlang:exit({W, erlang:get_stacktrace()});
	throw:W -> erlang:throw(W);
	exit:W  -> erlang:exit(W)
    after
        ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_END, <<>>)
    end.

%% @doc Behaves like {@link //stdlib/lists:map/2} but batches wx commands. See {@link batch/1}.
-spec map(function(), list()) -> list().
map(Fun, List) ->
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_BEGIN, <<>>),
    try lists:map(Fun, List)
    catch
	error:W -> erlang:exit({W, erlang:get_stacktrace()});
	throw:W -> erlang:throw(W);
	exit:W  -> erlang:exit(W)
    after
        ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_END, <<>>)
    end.

%% @doc Behaves like {@link //stdlib/lists:foldl/3} but batches wx commands. See {@link batch/1}.
-spec foldl(function(), term(), list()) -> term().
foldl(Fun, Acc, List) ->
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_BEGIN, <<>>),
    try lists:foldl(Fun, Acc, List)
    catch
	error:W -> erlang:exit({W, erlang:get_stacktrace()});
	throw:W -> erlang:throw(W);
	exit:W  -> erlang:exit(W)
    after
        ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_END, <<>>)
    end.

%% @doc Behaves like {@link //stdlib/lists:foldr/3} but batches wx commands. See {@link batch/1}.
-spec foldr(function(), term(), list()) -> term().
foldr(Fun, Acc, List) ->
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_BEGIN, <<>>),
    try lists:foldr(Fun, Acc, List)
    catch
	error:W -> erlang:exit({W, erlang:get_stacktrace()});
	throw:W -> erlang:throw(W);
	exit:W  -> erlang:exit(W)
    after
        ok = wxe_util:cast(?BATCH_END, <<>>)
    end.

-define(MIN_BIN_SIZE, 64).  %% Current emulator min off heap size

%% @doc Creates a memory area (of Size in bytes) which can be used by an external library (i.e. opengl).
%% It is up to the client to keep a reference to this object so it does
%% not get garbage collected by erlang while still in use by the external
%% library.
%%
%% This is far from erlang's intentional usage and can crash the erlang emulator.
%% Use it carefully.
-spec create_memory(integer()) -> wx_memory().
create_memory(Size) when Size > ?MIN_BIN_SIZE ->
    #wx_mem{bin = <<0:(Size*8)>>, size = Size};
create_memory(Size) ->
    #wx_mem{bin = <<0:((?MIN_BIN_SIZE+1)*8)>>, size = Size}.

%% @doc Returns the memory area as a binary.
-spec get_memory_bin(wx_memory()) -> binary().
get_memory_bin(#wx_mem{bin=Bin, size=Size}) when Size > ?MIN_BIN_SIZE ->
    Bin;
get_memory_bin(#wx_mem{bin=Bin, size=Size}) ->
    <<WithCorrectSize:Size/binary, _/binary>> = Bin,
    WithCorrectSize.

%% @doc Saves the memory from deletion until release_memory/1 is called.
%% If release_memory/1 is not called the memory will not be garbage collected.
-spec retain_memory(wx_memory()) -> ok.
retain_memory(#wx_mem{bin=Bin}) ->
    wxe_util:send_bin(Bin),
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?WXE_BIN_INCR, <<>>);
retain_memory(Bin) when is_binary(Bin) ->
    case byte_size(Bin) > ?MIN_BIN_SIZE of
	true  -> ok;
	false -> erlang:error(small_bin)
    end,
    wxe_util:send_bin(Bin),
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?WXE_BIN_INCR, <<>>).

-spec release_memory(wx_memory()) -> ok.
release_memory(#wx_mem{bin=Bin}) ->
    wxe_util:send_bin(Bin),
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?WXE_BIN_DECR, <<>>);
release_memory(Bin) when is_binary(Bin) ->
    wxe_util:send_bin(Bin),
    ok = wxe_util:cast(?WXE_BIN_DECR, <<>>).

%% @doc Sets debug level. If debug level is 'verbose' or 'trace'
%% each call is printed on console. If Level is 'driver' each allocated
%% object and deletion is printed on the console.
-spec debug(Level | [Level]) -> ok
     when Level :: none | verbose | trace | driver | integer().

debug(Debug) ->
    Level = calc_level(Debug),
    set_debug(Level).

calc_level(none) -> calc_level(0);
calc_level(verbose) -> calc_level(1);
calc_level(trace) -> calc_level(2);
calc_level(driver) -> calc_level(16);
calc_level([]) -> calc_level(0);
calc_level(List) when is_list(List) ->
    {Drv,Erl} =
	lists:foldl(fun(verbose, {Drv,_Erl}) ->
			    {Drv,1};
		       (trace, {Drv,_Erl}) ->
			    {Drv,2};
		       (driver, {_Drv,Erl}) ->
			    {16, Erl}
		    end, {0,0}, List),
    Drv + Erl;
calc_level(Level) when is_integer(Level) ->
    Level.

set_debug(Level) when is_integer(Level) ->
    case get(?WXE_IDENTIFIER) of
	undefined -> erlang:error({wxe,unknown_port});
	#wx_env{debug=Old} when Old =:= Level -> ok;
	Env = #wx_env{sv=Server, port=Port, debug=Old} ->
	    if
		Old > 16, Level > 16 -> ok;
		Old < 16, Level < 16 -> ok;
		true ->
		    erlang:port_call(Port,?WXE_DEBUG_DRIVER, [Level bsr 4])
	    end,
	    put(?WXE_IDENTIFIER, Env#wx_env{debug=Level}),
	    wxe_server:set_debug(Server,Level),
	    ok
    end.

%% @doc Starts a wxErlang demo if examples directory exists and is compiled
-spec demo() -> ok | {error, atom()}.
demo() ->
    Priv = code:priv_dir(wx),
    Demo = filename:join([filename:dirname(Priv),examples,demo]),
    Mod  = list_to_atom("demo"), %% Fool xref tests
    case file:set_cwd(Demo) of
	ok ->
	    apply(Mod, start, []),
	    ok;
	_  ->
	    {error, no_demo_dir}
    end.

