NAME
boot —
system bootstrapping
procedures
DESCRIPTION
Power fail and crash
recovery
When the
NetBSD kernel is booted normally (using one of
the two methods discussed below), it initializes itself and proceeds to boot
the system. An automatic consistency check of the file systems takes place,
and unless this fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The
proper way to shut the system down is with the
shutdown(8) command.
If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger,
ddb(4), if it is configured in
the kernel. If the debugger is not present, or the debugger is exited, the
system will attempt a dump to the configured dump device (which will be
automatically recovered with
savecore(8) during the next
boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful or not), the system will
attempt a reboot.
Booting NetBSD using the
bootloader
When a bootable
NetBSD partition is created by means of
HDTOOLBOX or another RDB editing program and a bootblock has been copied there
by
amiga/installboot(8)
and the boot priority of the
NetBSD partition is
either the highest or the
NetBSD partition is selected
by means of the boot menu, the Amiga ROM will automatically start the
NetBSD bootloader. By default it will, after a short
timeout, load the kernel image
/netbsd and attempt to boot
it into multi-user mode. This behaviour can be changed by typing in an
alternate command sequence. The command line looks like:
kernel-path
[-abkpqsvACDS]
[-c model]
[-m memsize]
[-n
memsegments]
[-I
mask]
-
-
- kernel-path
- This gives you the opportunity to boot another kernel, say:
/netbsd.old. The default is
/netbsd.
-
-
- -a
- Autoboot into multi-user mode (default).
-
-
- -b
- Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash
dump device, and the path to
init(8).
-
-
- -c
model
- force machine model. Use
32000+(Qlogic chip revision) for the DraCo.
-
-
- -k
- Reserve the first 4M of fastmem.
-
-
- -m
memsize
- Force fastmem size to be memsize
kBytes.
-
-
- -n
- maximum number of segments of memory
to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 2 segments, 2: 3 or
more segments.
-
-
- -p
- Select kernel load segment by priority instead of
size.
-
-
- -q
- Boot in quiet mode.
-
-
- -s
- Boot into single-user mode.
-
-
- -v
- Boot in verbose mode.
-
-
- -A
- Enable AGA display modes.
-
-
- -C
- Use the serial port as console.
-
-
- -D
- Enter the kernel debugger (best used with
-S).
-
-
- -I
mask
- inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The
mask is a bitmap expressed in C notation (e.g.,
0xff) with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for
the corresponding target. Note that this only applies to (some of the)
real SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. The bytes are used up
from right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention.
-
-
- -S
- include kernel debug symbols (for use by
-D).
Booting NetBSD
using the loadbsd program
When you want (or have to) start
NetBSD from AmigaOS,
you have to use the
loadbsd program that is supplied in the
utils directory of the distribution. The loadbsd command line specification
is:
loadbsd
[-abkpqstvACDSZ]
[-c model]
[-m memsize]
[-n
memsegments]
[-I mask]
kernel-path
Description of options:
-
-
- -a
- Autoboot into multi-user mode.
-
-
- -b
- Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash
dump device, and the path to
init(8).
-
-
- -c
- force machine model.
-
-
- -k
- Reserve the first 4M of fastmem.
-
-
- -m
- Force fastmem size to be memsize
kBytes.
-
-
- -n
- maximum number of segments of memory
to use, encoded as follows: 0 (default): 1 segment, 1: 2 segments, 2: 3 or
more segments.
-
-
- -p
- Select kernel load segment by priority instead of
size.
-
-
- -q
- Boot in quiet mode.
-
-
- -s
- Boot into single-user mode.
-
-
- -t
- Test loading of the kernel but don't start
NetBSD.
-
-
- -v
- Boot in verbose mode.
-
-
- -A
- enable AGA display modes.
-
-
- -C
- Use the serial port as console
-
-
- -D
- Enter the kernel debugger (best used with
-S).
-
-
- -I
mask
- inhibit sync negotiation as follows: The
mask is a bitmap expressed in hexadecimal (e.g., ff)
with 4*8bits, each bit, if set to 1, disabling sync negotiation for the
corresponding target. Note that this only applies to (some of the) real
SCSI busses, but not, e.g., to internal IDE. The bytes are used up from
right to left by SCSI bus drivers using this convention.
-
-
- -S
- include kernel debug symbols (for use by
-D).
-
-
- -Z
- Force load via chip memory. Won't work if kernel is larger
than the chip memory size or on the DraCo.
Note: Because the loadbsd program can only read kernels from a AmigaOS
filesystem, the file
/netbsd is often not the same as
the actual kernel booted. This can cause some programs to fail. However, note
that you can use third-party Berkeley filesystems such as bffs to access the
NetBSD root partition from AmigaOS.
FILES
- /netbsd
- system kernel
- /usr/mdec/bootxx_ffs
- RDB device primary boot block
- /usr/mdec/bootxx_fd
- floppy disk primary boot block
- /usr/mdec/boot.amiga
- secondary bootstrap
- /boot.amiga
- secondary bootstrap (installed)
SEE ALSO
ddb(4),
amiga/installboot(8),
fsck_ffs(8),
newfs(8),
savecore(8),
shutdown(8)
BUGS
Due to code size restrictions, you can't currently use an old-style file system
(created with
newfs(8) -O or
with
NetBSD 0.9) with the boot block. You can use
loadbsd to boot from AmigaOS, or upgrade the file system
with
fsck_ffs -c 2.