Madola

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  <page>
    <title>Madola</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>65</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241770</id>
      <parentid>1147153</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T23:10:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Nchi za Ulimwengu */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
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      <text bytes="8696" xml:space="preserve">Katika [[bara|mabara]], lile lenye nchi nyingi zaidi ni [[Afrika]] likiwa na nchi au madola 54, likifuatiwa na bara la [[Ulaya]] likiwa na madola 48, kisha [[Asia]] likiwa na madola 44, halafu [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] pamoja na [[Amerika ya Kati]] likiwa na madola 23, na baada yake ni [[Australia na Pasifiki]] (Oshania) likiwa na madola 14, na mwishowe ni [[Amerika ya Kusini]] likiwa na madola 12. Kwa hivyo, kwa ujumla, kuna madola 195 ulimwenguni.

== Nchi za Ulimwengu ==
(AS)= Asia (AF)= Afrika (NA)= Amerika ya kaskazini (SA)= Amerika ya kusini (A)= Antaktika (EU)= Ulaya na (AU)= Australia na nchi za Pasifiki.

=== (A) ===
* [[Afghanistan]] ([[Kabul]]) (AS) 
* [[Afrika Kusini]] ([[Pretoria]], [[Cape Town]], [[Bloemfontein]]) (AF)
* [[Albania]] ([[Tirana]]) (EU)
* [[Algeria]] ([[Algiers]]) (AF)
* [[Andorra]] ([[Andorra la Vella]]) (EU)
* [[Angola]] ([[Luanda]]) (AF)
* [[Antigua na Barbuda]] ([[St. John's (Antigua na Barbuda)|St. John's]]) (NA)
* [[Argentina]] ([[Buenos Aires]]) (SA)
* [[Armenia]] ([[Yerevan]]) (EU)
* [[Australia]] ([[Canberra]]) (AU)
* [[Austria]] ([[Vienna]]) (EU)
* [[Azerbaijan]] ([[Baku]]) (AS)

=== (B) ===
* [[Bahamas]] ([[Nassau (Bahamas)|Nassau]]) (NA)
* [[Bahrain]] ([[Manama]]) (AS)
* [[Bangladesh]] ([[Dhaka]]) (AS)
* [[Barbados]] ([[Bridgetown]]) (NA)
* [[Belarus]] ([[Minsk]]) (EU)
* [[Belize]] ([[Belmopan]]) (NA)
* [[Benin]] ([[Porto Novo]]) (AF)
* [[Bhutan]] ([[Thimphu]]) (AS)
* [[Bolivia]] ([[Sucre]]) (SA)
* [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] ([[Sarajevo]]) (EU)
* [[Botswana]] ([[Gaborone]]) (AF)
* [[Brazil]] ([[Brasilia]]) (SA)
* [[Brunei]] ([[Bander Seri Begawan]]) (AS)
* [[Bulgaria]] ([[Sofia]]) (EU)
* [[Burkina Faso]] ([[Ouagadougou]]) (AF)
* [[Burma]]/Myanmar ([[Yangon]]) (AS)
* [[Burundi]] ([[Bujumbura]]) (AF)

=== (C) ===
* [[Cabo Verde]] ([[Praia (Cabo Verde)|Praia]]) ([[Ureno]])
* [[Cambodia]] ([[Phnom Penh]]) (AS)
* [[Chad]] ([[N'Djamena]]) (AF)
* [[Chile]] ([[Santiago de Chile]]) (SA)
* [[Colombia]] ([[Bogota]]) (SA)
* [[Costa Rica]] ([[San Jose (Kosta Rika)|San Jose]]) (NA)
* [[Cote d'Ivoire]]/Ivory Coast ([[Yamoussoukro]]) (AF)
* [[Cuba]] ([[Havana]]) (NA)

=== (D) ===
* [[Denmark]] ([[Copenhagen]]) (EU)
* [[Djibouti]] ([[Djibouti]]) (AF)
* [[Dominica]] ([[Roseau]]) (NA)
* [[Dominican Republic]] ([[Santo Domingo]]) (NA)

=== (E) ===
* [[Eire]] ([[Dublin]]) (EU)
* [[Ekuador]] ([[Quito]]) (SA)
* [[El Salvador]] ([[San Salvador]]) (NA)
* [[Eritrea]] ([[Asmara]]) (AF)
* [[Estonia]] ([[Tallinn]]) (EU)
* [[Eawatini]] ([[Mbabane]]) (AF)
* [[Ethiopia]] ([[Addis Ababa]]) (AF)

=== (F) ===
* [[Falme za Kiarabu]] ([[Abu Dhabi]]) (AS)
* [[Fiji]] ([[Suva]]) ([[Australia na Pasifiki]])

=== (G) ===
* [[Gabon]] ([[Libreville]]) (AF)
* [[Gambia]] ([[Banjul]]) (AF)
* [[Georgia (nchi)|Georgia]] ([[Tbilisi]]) (EU)
* [[Ghana]] ([[Accra]]) (AF)
* [[Grenada]] ([[St. George's (Grenada)|St. George's]]) (NA)
* [[Guatemala]] ([[Guatemala City]]) (NA)
* [[Guinea]] ([[Conakry]]) (AF)
* [[Guinea-Bisau]] ([[Bisau]]) (AF)
* [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] ([[Malabo]]) (AF)
* [[Guyana]] ([[Georgetown (Guyana)|Georgetown]]) (SA)

=== (H) ===
* [[Haiti]] ([[Port-au-Prince]]) (NA)
* [[Hispania]] ([[Madrid]]) (EU)
* [[Honduras]] ([[Tegucigalpa]]) (NA)
* [[Hungaria]] ([[Budapest]]) (EU)

=== (I) ===
* [[Iceland]] ([[Reykjavik]]) (EU)
* [[Indonesia]] ([[Jakarta]]) (AS)
* [[Iraq]] ([[Baghdad]]) (AS)
* [[Israel]] ([[Jerusalem]]) (AS)
* [[Italia]] ([[Mji wa Roma|Roma]]) (EU)

=== (J) ===
* [[Jamaika]] ([[Kingston (Jamaika)|Kingston]]) (NA)
* [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] ([[Bangui]]) (AF)
* [[Japani]] ([[Tokyo]]) (AS)

=== (K) ===
* [[Kamerun]] ([[Yaounde]]) (AF)
* [[Kanada]] ([[Ottawa]]) (NA)
* [[Kazakstan]] ([[Astana]]) (AS)
* [[Kenya]] ([[Nairobi]]) (AF)
* [[Kirgizia]] ([[Bishkek]]) (AS)
* [[Kiribati]] ([[Teinainano]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Komoro]] ([[Moroni, Komori|Moroni]]) (AF)
* [[Kongo (Jamhuri ya)]] ([[Brazzaville]]) (AF)
* [[Kongo (Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya)]] ([[Kinshasa]]) (AF)
* [[Korea, Kaskazini]] ([[Pyonyang]]) (AS)
* [[Korea, Kusini]] ([[Seoul]]) (AS)
* [[Kroatia]] ([[Zagreb]]) (EU)
* [[Kupro]] ([[Nicosia]]) (AS) and/or (EU)
* [[Kuwait]] ([[Kuwait City]]) (AS)

=== (L) ===
* [[Laos]] ([[Vientiane]]) (AS)
* [[Latvia]] ([[Riga]]) (EU)
* [[Lebanon]] ([[Beirut]]) (AS)
* [[Lesoto]] ([[Maseru]]) (AF)
* [[Liberia]] ([[Monrovia]]) (AF)
* [[Libya]] ([[Tripoli (Libya)|Tripoli]]) (AF)
* [[Liechtenstein]] ([[Vaduz]]) (EU)
* [[Lithuania]] ([[Vilnius]]) (EU)
* [[Luxemburg]] ([[Luxemburg]]) (EU)

=== (M) ===
* [[Madagascar]] ([[Antananarivo]]) (AF)
* [[Malawi]] ([[Lilongwe]]) (AF)
* [[Malaysia]] ([[Kuala Lumpur]]) (AS)
* [[Maldives]] ([[Male]]) (AS)
* [[Mali]] ([[Bamako]]) (AF)
* [[Malta]] ([[Valletta]]) (EU)
* [[Marekani]] ([[Washington D.C.]]) (NA)
* [[Marshall Islands]] ([[Majuro]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] ([[Skopje]]) (EU)
* [[Mauritania]] ([[Nouakchott]]) (AF)
* [[Mexiko]] ([[Mexico City]]) (NA)
* [[Micronesia]] ([[Palikir]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Misri]] ([[Cairo]]) (AF)
* [[Moldova]] ([[Chisinau]]) (EU)
* [[Monaco]] ([[Monaco]]) (EU)
* [[Mongolia]] ([[Ulan Bator]]) (AS)
* [[Morisi]] ([[Port Louis]]) (AF)
* [[Moroko]] ([[Rabat]]) (AF) 
* [[Montenegro]] ([[Podgorica]]) (EU)
* [[Msumbiji]] ([[Maputo]]) (AF)

=== (N) ===
* [[Namibia]] ([[Windhoek]]) (AF)
* [[Nauru]] ([[Yaren]])) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Nepal]] ([[Kathmandu]]) (AS)
* [[Nicaragua]] ([[Managua]]) (NA)
* [[Niger]] ([[Niamey]]) (AF)
* [[Nigeria]] ([[Abuja]]) (AF)
* [[Norwei]] ([[Oslo]]) (EU)
* [[New Zealand]] ([[Wellington]]) (AU)

=== (O) ===
* [[Oman]] ([[Muscat]]) (AS) 

=== (P) ===
* [[Pakistan]] ([[Islamabad]]) (AS)
* [[Palau]] ([[Melekeok]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Panama]] ([[Panama City]]) (NA)
* [[Papua Nyugini]] ([[Port Moresby]]) (AU)
* [[Paraguay]] ([[Asuncion]]) (SA)
* [[Peru]] ([[Lima]]) (SA)
* [[Poland]] ([[Warsaw]]) (EU)

=== (Q) ===
* [[Qatar]] ([[Doha]]) (AS) 

=== (R) ===
* [[Romania]] ([[Bucharest]]) (EU)
* [[Rwanda]] ([[Kigali]]) (AF)

=== (S) ===
* [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] (AF)
* [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]] ([[Basseterre]]) (NA)
* [[Saint Lucia]] ([[Castries]]) (NA)
* [[Saint Vincent na Grenadini]] ([[Kingstown]]) (NA)
* [[Samoa]] ([[Apia]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[San Marino]] ([[San Marino]]) (EU)
* [[Sao Tome na Principe]] ([[Sao Tome]]) (AF)
* [[Saudia]] ([[Riyadh]]) (AS)
* [[Senegal]] ([[Dakar]]) (AF)
* [[Serbia]] ([[Belgrad]]) (EU)
* [[Shelisheli]] ([[Victoria (Shelisheli)]]) (AF)
* [[Sierra Leone]] ([[Freetown]]) (AF)
* [[Singapuri]] (Jiji la Singapuri) (AS)
* [[Slovakia]] ([[Bratislava]]) (EU)
* [[Slovenia]] ([[Ljubljana]]) (EU)
* [[Solomon Islands]] ([[Honiara]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Somalia]] ([[Mogadishu]]) (AF)
* [[Sri Lanka]] ([[Sri Jayawardenapura]]) (AS)
* [[Sudan]] ([[Khartoum]]) (AF)
* [[Sudan Kusini]] ([[Juba]]) (AF)
* [[Suriname]] ([[Paramaribo]]) (SA)
* [[Syria]] ([[Damascus]]) (AS)

=== (T) ===
* [[Taiwan]] ([[Taipei]]) (AS)
* [[Tajikistan]] ([[Dushanbe]]) (AS)
* [[Tanzania]] ([[Dodoma (mji)|Dodoma]]) (AF)
* [[Timor ya Mashariki]] ([[Dili]]) (AS)
* [[Togo]] ([[Lome]]) (AF)
* [[Tonga]] ([[Nuku'alofa]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Trinidad na Tobago]] ([[Port of Spain]]) (NA)
* [[Tunisia]] ([[Tunis]]) (AF)
* [[Turkmenistan]] ([[Ashgabat]]) (AS)
* [[Tuvalu]] ([[Funafuti]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])

=== (U) ===
* [[Uajemi]] ([[Tehran]]) (AS)
* [[Ubelgiji]] ([[Brussels]]) (EU)
* [[Ucheki]] ([[Prague]]) (EU)
* [[Uchina]] ([[Beijing]]) (AS)
* [[Ufaransa]] ([[Paris]]) (EU)
* [[Ufilipino]] ([[Manila]]) (AS)
* [[Ufini]] ([[Helsinki]]) (EU)
* [[Uganda]] ([[Kampala]]) (AF)
* [[Ugiriki]] ([[Athens]]) (EU)
* [[Uhindi]] ([[New Delhi]]) (AS)
* [[Uholanzi]] ([[Amsterdam]], [[Den Haag]]) (EU)
* [[Uingereza]] ([[London]]) (EU)
* [[Ujerumani]] ([[Berlin]]) (EU)
* [[Ukraine]] ([[Kiev]]) (EU)
* [[Ureno]] ([[Lisbon]]) (EU)
* [[Uruguay]] ([[Montevideo]]) (SA)
* [[Urusi]] ([[Moscow]]) (EU, AS)
* [[Uswidi]] ([[Stockholm]]) (EU)
* [[Uswisi]] ([[Bern]]) (EU)
* [[Uthai]] ([[Bangkok]]) (AS)
* [[Uturuki]] ([[Ankara]]) (AS) &amp; (EU)
* [[Uzbekistan]] ([[Tashkent]]) (AS)

=== (V) ===
* [[Vanuatu]] ([[Port Vila]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Vatikani]] (EU)
* [[Venezuela]] ([[Caracas]]) (SA)
* [[Vietnam]] ([[Hanoi]]) (AS)

=== (Y) ===
* [[Yemen]] ([[Sana'a]]) (AS)
* [[Yordani]] ([[Amman]]) (AS)

=== (Z) ===
* [[Zambia]] ([[Lusaka]]) (AF)
* [[Zimbabwe]] ([[Harare]]) (AF)

== Tazama pia ==
[[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]

== Marejeo ==
* http://www.infoplease.com
* http://www.worldatlas.com
* [http://www.yale.edu/swahili/guide.html Yale Africa Guide Interactive] {{Wayback|url=http://www.yale.edu/swahili/guide.html |date=20030207163222 }} - Nations of Africa

[[Jamii:Nchi]]
[[Jamii:Orodha za kijiografia]]

[[nds:Land#Länner]]
[[sv:Världsgeografi#Lista över länder]]</text>
      <sha1>thgajzjlp2651tbn5lfwo33cep6a1w9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241771</id>
      <parentid>1241770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T23:11:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* (E) */ typo</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8696" xml:space="preserve">Katika [[bara|mabara]], lile lenye nchi nyingi zaidi ni [[Afrika]] likiwa na nchi au madola 54, likifuatiwa na bara la [[Ulaya]] likiwa na madola 48, kisha [[Asia]] likiwa na madola 44, halafu [[Amerika ya Kaskazini]] pamoja na [[Amerika ya Kati]] likiwa na madola 23, na baada yake ni [[Australia na Pasifiki]] (Oshania) likiwa na madola 14, na mwishowe ni [[Amerika ya Kusini]] likiwa na madola 12. Kwa hivyo, kwa ujumla, kuna madola 195 ulimwenguni.

== Nchi za Ulimwengu ==
(AS)= Asia (AF)= Afrika (NA)= Amerika ya kaskazini (SA)= Amerika ya kusini (A)= Antaktika (EU)= Ulaya na (AU)= Australia na nchi za Pasifiki.

=== (A) ===
* [[Afghanistan]] ([[Kabul]]) (AS) 
* [[Afrika Kusini]] ([[Pretoria]], [[Cape Town]], [[Bloemfontein]]) (AF)
* [[Albania]] ([[Tirana]]) (EU)
* [[Algeria]] ([[Algiers]]) (AF)
* [[Andorra]] ([[Andorra la Vella]]) (EU)
* [[Angola]] ([[Luanda]]) (AF)
* [[Antigua na Barbuda]] ([[St. John's (Antigua na Barbuda)|St. John's]]) (NA)
* [[Argentina]] ([[Buenos Aires]]) (SA)
* [[Armenia]] ([[Yerevan]]) (EU)
* [[Australia]] ([[Canberra]]) (AU)
* [[Austria]] ([[Vienna]]) (EU)
* [[Azerbaijan]] ([[Baku]]) (AS)

=== (B) ===
* [[Bahamas]] ([[Nassau (Bahamas)|Nassau]]) (NA)
* [[Bahrain]] ([[Manama]]) (AS)
* [[Bangladesh]] ([[Dhaka]]) (AS)
* [[Barbados]] ([[Bridgetown]]) (NA)
* [[Belarus]] ([[Minsk]]) (EU)
* [[Belize]] ([[Belmopan]]) (NA)
* [[Benin]] ([[Porto Novo]]) (AF)
* [[Bhutan]] ([[Thimphu]]) (AS)
* [[Bolivia]] ([[Sucre]]) (SA)
* [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] ([[Sarajevo]]) (EU)
* [[Botswana]] ([[Gaborone]]) (AF)
* [[Brazil]] ([[Brasilia]]) (SA)
* [[Brunei]] ([[Bander Seri Begawan]]) (AS)
* [[Bulgaria]] ([[Sofia]]) (EU)
* [[Burkina Faso]] ([[Ouagadougou]]) (AF)
* [[Burma]]/Myanmar ([[Yangon]]) (AS)
* [[Burundi]] ([[Bujumbura]]) (AF)

=== (C) ===
* [[Cabo Verde]] ([[Praia (Cabo Verde)|Praia]]) ([[Ureno]])
* [[Cambodia]] ([[Phnom Penh]]) (AS)
* [[Chad]] ([[N'Djamena]]) (AF)
* [[Chile]] ([[Santiago de Chile]]) (SA)
* [[Colombia]] ([[Bogota]]) (SA)
* [[Costa Rica]] ([[San Jose (Kosta Rika)|San Jose]]) (NA)
* [[Cote d'Ivoire]]/Ivory Coast ([[Yamoussoukro]]) (AF)
* [[Cuba]] ([[Havana]]) (NA)

=== (D) ===
* [[Denmark]] ([[Copenhagen]]) (EU)
* [[Djibouti]] ([[Djibouti]]) (AF)
* [[Dominica]] ([[Roseau]]) (NA)
* [[Dominican Republic]] ([[Santo Domingo]]) (NA)

=== (E) ===
* [[Eire]] ([[Dublin]]) (EU)
* [[Ekuador]] ([[Quito]]) (SA)
* [[El Salvador]] ([[San Salvador]]) (NA)
* [[Eritrea]] ([[Asmara]]) (AF)
* [[Estonia]] ([[Tallinn]]) (EU)
* [[Eswatini]] ([[Mbabane]]) (AF)
* [[Ethiopia]] ([[Addis Ababa]]) (AF)

=== (F) ===
* [[Falme za Kiarabu]] ([[Abu Dhabi]]) (AS)
* [[Fiji]] ([[Suva]]) ([[Australia na Pasifiki]])

=== (G) ===
* [[Gabon]] ([[Libreville]]) (AF)
* [[Gambia]] ([[Banjul]]) (AF)
* [[Georgia (nchi)|Georgia]] ([[Tbilisi]]) (EU)
* [[Ghana]] ([[Accra]]) (AF)
* [[Grenada]] ([[St. George's (Grenada)|St. George's]]) (NA)
* [[Guatemala]] ([[Guatemala City]]) (NA)
* [[Guinea]] ([[Conakry]]) (AF)
* [[Guinea-Bisau]] ([[Bisau]]) (AF)
* [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] ([[Malabo]]) (AF)
* [[Guyana]] ([[Georgetown (Guyana)|Georgetown]]) (SA)

=== (H) ===
* [[Haiti]] ([[Port-au-Prince]]) (NA)
* [[Hispania]] ([[Madrid]]) (EU)
* [[Honduras]] ([[Tegucigalpa]]) (NA)
* [[Hungaria]] ([[Budapest]]) (EU)

=== (I) ===
* [[Iceland]] ([[Reykjavik]]) (EU)
* [[Indonesia]] ([[Jakarta]]) (AS)
* [[Iraq]] ([[Baghdad]]) (AS)
* [[Israel]] ([[Jerusalem]]) (AS)
* [[Italia]] ([[Mji wa Roma|Roma]]) (EU)

=== (J) ===
* [[Jamaika]] ([[Kingston (Jamaika)|Kingston]]) (NA)
* [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] ([[Bangui]]) (AF)
* [[Japani]] ([[Tokyo]]) (AS)

=== (K) ===
* [[Kamerun]] ([[Yaounde]]) (AF)
* [[Kanada]] ([[Ottawa]]) (NA)
* [[Kazakstan]] ([[Astana]]) (AS)
* [[Kenya]] ([[Nairobi]]) (AF)
* [[Kirgizia]] ([[Bishkek]]) (AS)
* [[Kiribati]] ([[Teinainano]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Komoro]] ([[Moroni, Komori|Moroni]]) (AF)
* [[Kongo (Jamhuri ya)]] ([[Brazzaville]]) (AF)
* [[Kongo (Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya)]] ([[Kinshasa]]) (AF)
* [[Korea, Kaskazini]] ([[Pyonyang]]) (AS)
* [[Korea, Kusini]] ([[Seoul]]) (AS)
* [[Kroatia]] ([[Zagreb]]) (EU)
* [[Kupro]] ([[Nicosia]]) (AS) and/or (EU)
* [[Kuwait]] ([[Kuwait City]]) (AS)

=== (L) ===
* [[Laos]] ([[Vientiane]]) (AS)
* [[Latvia]] ([[Riga]]) (EU)
* [[Lebanon]] ([[Beirut]]) (AS)
* [[Lesoto]] ([[Maseru]]) (AF)
* [[Liberia]] ([[Monrovia]]) (AF)
* [[Libya]] ([[Tripoli (Libya)|Tripoli]]) (AF)
* [[Liechtenstein]] ([[Vaduz]]) (EU)
* [[Lithuania]] ([[Vilnius]]) (EU)
* [[Luxemburg]] ([[Luxemburg]]) (EU)

=== (M) ===
* [[Madagascar]] ([[Antananarivo]]) (AF)
* [[Malawi]] ([[Lilongwe]]) (AF)
* [[Malaysia]] ([[Kuala Lumpur]]) (AS)
* [[Maldives]] ([[Male]]) (AS)
* [[Mali]] ([[Bamako]]) (AF)
* [[Malta]] ([[Valletta]]) (EU)
* [[Marekani]] ([[Washington D.C.]]) (NA)
* [[Marshall Islands]] ([[Majuro]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] ([[Skopje]]) (EU)
* [[Mauritania]] ([[Nouakchott]]) (AF)
* [[Mexiko]] ([[Mexico City]]) (NA)
* [[Micronesia]] ([[Palikir]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Misri]] ([[Cairo]]) (AF)
* [[Moldova]] ([[Chisinau]]) (EU)
* [[Monaco]] ([[Monaco]]) (EU)
* [[Mongolia]] ([[Ulan Bator]]) (AS)
* [[Morisi]] ([[Port Louis]]) (AF)
* [[Moroko]] ([[Rabat]]) (AF) 
* [[Montenegro]] ([[Podgorica]]) (EU)
* [[Msumbiji]] ([[Maputo]]) (AF)

=== (N) ===
* [[Namibia]] ([[Windhoek]]) (AF)
* [[Nauru]] ([[Yaren]])) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Nepal]] ([[Kathmandu]]) (AS)
* [[Nicaragua]] ([[Managua]]) (NA)
* [[Niger]] ([[Niamey]]) (AF)
* [[Nigeria]] ([[Abuja]]) (AF)
* [[Norwei]] ([[Oslo]]) (EU)
* [[New Zealand]] ([[Wellington]]) (AU)

=== (O) ===
* [[Oman]] ([[Muscat]]) (AS) 

=== (P) ===
* [[Pakistan]] ([[Islamabad]]) (AS)
* [[Palau]] ([[Melekeok]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Panama]] ([[Panama City]]) (NA)
* [[Papua Nyugini]] ([[Port Moresby]]) (AU)
* [[Paraguay]] ([[Asuncion]]) (SA)
* [[Peru]] ([[Lima]]) (SA)
* [[Poland]] ([[Warsaw]]) (EU)

=== (Q) ===
* [[Qatar]] ([[Doha]]) (AS) 

=== (R) ===
* [[Romania]] ([[Bucharest]]) (EU)
* [[Rwanda]] ([[Kigali]]) (AF)

=== (S) ===
* [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] (AF)
* [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]] ([[Basseterre]]) (NA)
* [[Saint Lucia]] ([[Castries]]) (NA)
* [[Saint Vincent na Grenadini]] ([[Kingstown]]) (NA)
* [[Samoa]] ([[Apia]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[San Marino]] ([[San Marino]]) (EU)
* [[Sao Tome na Principe]] ([[Sao Tome]]) (AF)
* [[Saudia]] ([[Riyadh]]) (AS)
* [[Senegal]] ([[Dakar]]) (AF)
* [[Serbia]] ([[Belgrad]]) (EU)
* [[Shelisheli]] ([[Victoria (Shelisheli)]]) (AF)
* [[Sierra Leone]] ([[Freetown]]) (AF)
* [[Singapuri]] (Jiji la Singapuri) (AS)
* [[Slovakia]] ([[Bratislava]]) (EU)
* [[Slovenia]] ([[Ljubljana]]) (EU)
* [[Solomon Islands]] ([[Honiara]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Somalia]] ([[Mogadishu]]) (AF)
* [[Sri Lanka]] ([[Sri Jayawardenapura]]) (AS)
* [[Sudan]] ([[Khartoum]]) (AF)
* [[Sudan Kusini]] ([[Juba]]) (AF)
* [[Suriname]] ([[Paramaribo]]) (SA)
* [[Syria]] ([[Damascus]]) (AS)

=== (T) ===
* [[Taiwan]] ([[Taipei]]) (AS)
* [[Tajikistan]] ([[Dushanbe]]) (AS)
* [[Tanzania]] ([[Dodoma (mji)|Dodoma]]) (AF)
* [[Timor ya Mashariki]] ([[Dili]]) (AS)
* [[Togo]] ([[Lome]]) (AF)
* [[Tonga]] ([[Nuku'alofa]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Trinidad na Tobago]] ([[Port of Spain]]) (NA)
* [[Tunisia]] ([[Tunis]]) (AF)
* [[Turkmenistan]] ([[Ashgabat]]) (AS)
* [[Tuvalu]] ([[Funafuti]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])

=== (U) ===
* [[Uajemi]] ([[Tehran]]) (AS)
* [[Ubelgiji]] ([[Brussels]]) (EU)
* [[Ucheki]] ([[Prague]]) (EU)
* [[Uchina]] ([[Beijing]]) (AS)
* [[Ufaransa]] ([[Paris]]) (EU)
* [[Ufilipino]] ([[Manila]]) (AS)
* [[Ufini]] ([[Helsinki]]) (EU)
* [[Uganda]] ([[Kampala]]) (AF)
* [[Ugiriki]] ([[Athens]]) (EU)
* [[Uhindi]] ([[New Delhi]]) (AS)
* [[Uholanzi]] ([[Amsterdam]], [[Den Haag]]) (EU)
* [[Uingereza]] ([[London]]) (EU)
* [[Ujerumani]] ([[Berlin]]) (EU)
* [[Ukraine]] ([[Kiev]]) (EU)
* [[Ureno]] ([[Lisbon]]) (EU)
* [[Uruguay]] ([[Montevideo]]) (SA)
* [[Urusi]] ([[Moscow]]) (EU, AS)
* [[Uswidi]] ([[Stockholm]]) (EU)
* [[Uswisi]] ([[Bern]]) (EU)
* [[Uthai]] ([[Bangkok]]) (AS)
* [[Uturuki]] ([[Ankara]]) (AS) &amp; (EU)
* [[Uzbekistan]] ([[Tashkent]]) (AS)

=== (V) ===
* [[Vanuatu]] ([[Port Vila]]) (AU - [[Oceania]])
* [[Vatikani]] (EU)
* [[Venezuela]] ([[Caracas]]) (SA)
* [[Vietnam]] ([[Hanoi]]) (AS)

=== (Y) ===
* [[Yemen]] ([[Sana'a]]) (AS)
* [[Yordani]] ([[Amman]]) (AS)

=== (Z) ===
* [[Zambia]] ([[Lusaka]]) (AF)
* [[Zimbabwe]] ([[Harare]]) (AF)

== Tazama pia ==
[[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]

== Marejeo ==
* http://www.infoplease.com
* http://www.worldatlas.com
* [http://www.yale.edu/swahili/guide.html Yale Africa Guide Interactive] {{Wayback|url=http://www.yale.edu/swahili/guide.html |date=20030207163222 }} - Nations of Africa

[[Jamii:Nchi]]
[[Jamii:Orodha za kijiografia]]

[[nds:Land#Länner]]
[[sv:Världsgeografi#Lista över länder]]</text>
      <sha1>awz9e0jakso3p6p3bu237apxjrh1rhr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kiingereza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>921</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241772</id>
      <parentid>1237130</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T23:21:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Kiingereza barani Afrika */ upgrade Eswatini, alphabetical sorting</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8721" xml:space="preserve">[[File:EN English Language Symbol ISO 639-1 IETF Language Tag Icon.svg|thumb|EN ([[ISO 639]]-1)]]
'''Kiingereza''' ni [[lugha]] ya jamii ya [[Kigermanik]] cha Magharibi iliyokua nchini [[Uingereza]] kwa muda wa miaka 1,400. 

Leo, zaidi ya wasemaji [[milioni]] [[mia]] [[nne]] [[duniani]] wanazumgumza Kiingereza kama [[lugha ya kwanza]]. Watu wengi zaidi wanazumgumza Kiingereza kama [[lugha ya pili]], kwa sababu ni muhimu sana kwenye nyanja za [[mawasiliano]], [[sayansi]] na [[uchumi]] wa kimataifa.

== Historia ya Kiingereza ==
[[Picha:Anglospeak (subnational version).svg|thumbnail|right|300px|'''Buluu nyeusi''': Nchi ambako Kiingereza ni lugha ya kwanza ya wananchi wengi; &lt;br /&gt;'''buluu nyeupe''': nchi ambako Kiingereza ni lugha rasmi lakini si lugha ya kwanza ya watu wengi.&lt;br /&gt;]]
=== Mwanzo wa lugha ===
Lugha ya Kiingereza ilianzia huko [[Uingereza]] kutokana na kuingiliana kwa lugha mbalimbali, hasa lugha za kale za [[Ujerumani]], [[Denmark]] na [[Ufaransa]].

Sehemu ya [[kusini]] ya [[kisiwa]] cha [[Britania]] ilikuwa ndani ya [[Dola la Roma]] hadi mwanzo wa [[karne ya 5]]. [[Wenyeji]] walitumia lugha ya [[Kikelti]] pamoja na [[Kilatini]] cha [[Waroma wa Kale|Waroma]], hasa [[mji]]ni.

=== Uvamizi wa Waanglia-Saksoni: kuja kwa [[Kigermanik]] ===
Baada ya Waroma ma[[kabila]] kutoka [[Ujerumani]] ya [[kaskazini]] na [[Denmark]] walianza kuvamia kisiwa hicho. Katika mwendo wa [[karne]] [[mbili]] waliteka sehemu kubwa ya Uingereza ya leo isipokuwa sehemu za [[magharibi]] kama vile [[Cornwall]] na [[Wales]] na sehemu za kaskazini walipoishi [[Waskoti]]. 

[[Wavamizi]] walileta lugha zao za [[Kisaksoni]] na [[Kianglia]] (Ujerumani ya Kaskazini) zilizounganika kuwa lugha ya [[Kiingereza cha Kale]] ambacho kilikuwa karibu sana na Kijerumani cha Kale. Inaonekana ya kwamba wenyeji [[Wakelti]] walio wengi walianza polepole kutumia lugha ya [[watawala]] wapya&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.arrantpedantry.com/2014/12/01/celtic-and-the-history-of-the-english-language/ Celtic and the History of the English Language], blogu ya Jonathan Owen kuhusu athira za Kikelti katika Kiingereza cha Kale&lt;/ref&gt;, wengine waliuawa au walihamia sehemu zisizo chini ya Waanglia-Saksoni.

Lugha hii iliathiriwa mara mbili. Kwanza Wadenmark ndio waliojaribu kujenga [[ufalme]] wao kisiwani. Waliteka sehemu za Uingereza ya Magharibi. Kiasi cha maneno kutoka lugha yao kimeingia Kiingereza cha kale kama Wales.

=== Uvamizi wa Wanormandy: kuja kwa [[Kifaransa]], lugha mbili kando ===
Mwaka [[1066]] [[jeshi]] la [[Wanormani]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]] ya Kaskazini walivamia na kuteka Uingereza. Wanormani walikuwa wa asili ya [[Skandinavia]] lakini walikuwa wameshaanza kutumia lugha ya [[Kifaransa]] cha kale. Wanajeshi hao walikuwa mabwana wapya wa Uingereza wakitumia Kifaransa chao. 

Kwa karne kadhaa lugha mbili zilitumika kandokando: Kiingereza cha Kianglia-Saksoni cha watu wa kawaida na kile Kifaransa cha Kinormandy cha [[tabaka]] la [[watawala]]. Kwa jumla watawala walianza kutumia lugha ya [[raia]] lakini lugha hii ilibadilika pia kwa kupokea maneno mengi kutoka Kifaransa. Kuna ma[[kadirio]] ya kwamba zaidi ya [[theluthi]] moja ya maneno yote ya Kiingereza yana asili ya Kifaransa.

=== Kuingiliana kwa lugha zote mbili: Kiingereza cha Kati ===
Kipindi hiki cha kuingiliana kati ya Kifaransa cha mabwana na lugha ya kawaida kilileta [[Kiingereza cha Kati]]. Hadi leo asili ya maneno kutoka Kijerumani na Kifaransa ni wazi kabisa. 

Mfano mzuri ni maneno tofauti kwa [[wanyama]] kadhaa na [[nyama]] yao: [[ng'ombe]] huitwa &quot;cow&quot; (sawa na Kijerumani wa Kaskazini &quot;Kau&quot;) lakini nyama yake ni &quot;beef&quot; (kutokana na neno la Kifaransa kwa ng'ombe &quot;boeuf&quot;); vilevile &quot;sheep&quot; kwa mnyama [[kondoo]] na &quot;mutton&quot; kwa nyama yake (Kijerumani ya Kaskazini: &quot;Schaap&quot; - Kifaransa: &quot;mutton&quot;), vilevile swine=mnyama – pork=nyama ([[nguruwe]]) na calf=mnyama – veal=nyama ([[ndama]]). 

[[Wakulima]] [[wafugaji]] walitumia lugha yao kwa mnyama - mabwana wasiogusa mnyama lakini hula nyama yake waliendelea kutumia neno la Kifaransa kwa ajili ya mnyama yuleyule. Maneno yote mawili yaliingia katika [[Kiingereza cha Kisasa]] lakini kwa mambo mawili tofauti.

=== Kiingereza cha Kisasa ===
Kiingereza cha Kisasa kimeanza na [[tafsiri]] ya [[Biblia]] ya [[William Tyndale]]; baadaye na [[washairi]] muhimu kama [[William Shakespeare]]. 

[[Teknolojia]] ya [[uchapaji]] vitabu ilisambaza lugha hii nchini kote na kupunguza athira ya [[lahaja]] mbalimbali. 

Wakati ule Kiingereza kilipokea pia maneno mengi kutoka lugha za [[Kilatini]] na [[Kigiriki]] zilizokuwa lugha za [[taaluma]] na sayansi hadi [[karne ya 18]] kote [[Ulaya]]. 

Kiingereza cha Kisasa kimeendelea kurahisisha lugha. Lakini [[urekebisho]] wa [[tahajia]] umeshindikana hadi leo hata kama kulikuwa na ma[[jaribio]] mbalimbali. Kutokana na [[historia]] yake Kiingereza kimebaki na tahajia isiyolingana na [[matamshi]] ya maneno. 

[[Mwandishi]] [[George Bernhard Shaw]] alionyesha tatizo hilo kwa [[pendekezo]] la [[dhihaka]] kwamba neno &quot;fish&quot; (samaki) liandikwe &quot;ghoti&quot;: gh kama sauti ya &quot;f&quot; katika &quot;cough&quot;, o kama sauti ya &quot;i&quot; katika &quot;women&quot;, na ti kama sauti ya &quot;sh&quot; katika &quot;nation&quot;. 

Pamoja na hayo, lahaja za Kiingereza zinazidi kutofautiana, zile muhimu zaidi zikiwa zile za Britania na Marekani.

== Uenezi wa Kiingereza duniani ==
Pamoja na [[Dola la Uingereza]] na [[makoloni]] yake, lugha ilienea [[duniani]] kati ya [[karne ya 17]] na [[Karne ya 19|19]].

Tangu [[karne ya 19]] idadi kubwa ya wasemaji wa Kiingereza hawaishi tena Uingerezea bali [[Marekani]]. Katika karne ileile Kiingereza kilikuwa lugha ya [[utawala]] katika maeneo makubwa ya ma[[koloni]] ya [[Dola la Uingereza]].

Baada ya makoloni kuwa [[nchi huru]] mara nyingi Kiingereza kimeendelea kuwa lugha rasmi za nchi hizo.

Kutokana na ma[[tukio]] hayo yote, na [[Marekani]] kujitokeza katikati ya [[karne ya 20]] kama nchi tawala kisiasa, kiuchumi na kiteknolojia, Kiingereza kimekuwa leo lugha ya kwanza ya [[mawasiliano]] duniani hata kama si lugha yenye wasemaji wengi wa lugha ya kwanza.

Pia aina nyingi za [[Krioli]] na [[Pijini]] zimetokana na Kiingereza na kudumu hadi leo.

Kiingereza ni [[lugha rasmi]] pekee katika nchi za Uingereza, [[Marekani]], [[Australia]], [[Nyuzilandi]], [[Jamaica]], na nchi nyingine. 

Kiingereza ni lugha rasmi pamoja na lugha nyingine katika nchi nyingi, kwa mfano [[Kanada]] (pamoja na [[Kifaransa]]), [[India]] (pamoja na [[Kihindi]] na lugha za majimbo), [[Ireland]] (pamoja na [[Kigaelik]]), [[Philippines]] (pamoja na [[Kitagalog]]). 

Kwa jumla ni lugha rasmi katika nchi karibu 60, mbali ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] na [[Umoja wa Ulaya]].

=== Kiingereza barani Afrika ===
Nchi nyingi za [[Afrika]] zinatumia Kiingereza kama lugha rasmi, lakini ni [[Waafrika]] wachache (isipokuwa Waafrika Kusini) wanaoitaja kuwa lugha ya kwanza kwao. Nchi hizo ni [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Eswatini]], [[Ghana]], [[Kamerun]], [[Kenya]], [[Lesotho]], [[Liberia]], [[Namibia]], [[Nigeria]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Zambia]] na [[Zimbabwe]]. 

Kiingereza kinazumgumzwa pia katika nchi nyingine za Afrika ambapo si lugha rasmi. 
Lugha nyingi za Afrika zimekopa [[neno|maneno]] ya Kiingereza. Maneno hayo yamerekebishwa kulingana na [[sauti]] ya lugha nyingine, kwa mfano: ''Kiingereza'': '''train''' --&gt; ''[[Kiswahili]]'': '''[[treni]]'''.

==Marejeo==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Viungo vya nje ==
*[http://www.language-archives.org/language/eng makala za OLAC kuhusu Kiingereza]
*[http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/stan1293 lugha ya Kiingereza katika Glottolog]
* '''(en)''' [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=eng Muhtasari kuhusu Kiingereza kwenye ''Ethnologue'']
* [http://www.kamusiproject.org Kamusi Hai] ya Kiingereza - Kiswahili - Kiingereza
* '''(en)''' [http://itcansay.com More than 20000 English words recorded by a native speaker]
* '''(en)''' [http://members.multimania.co.uk/rre/RPA-Paper-2007.html Re-Romanization of English]{{Wayback|url=http://members.multimania.co.uk/rre/RPA-Paper-2007.html |date=20110811030554 }}

{{makala nzuri sana}}
{{African Union languages}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingereza}}

[[Jamii:Kiingereza]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kigermanik]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Ulaya]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Uingereza]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kanada]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Australia]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za New Zealand]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Eire]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Uhindi]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Malta]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Jamaika]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Ghana]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Lesotho]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Liberia]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kamerun]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Ufilipino]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Nigeria]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Sierra Leone]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Uswazi]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Zambia]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Zimbabwe]]</text>
      <sha1>ni28e09688lx9kb6nwi5juc4fii40g1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Msumbiji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2351</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241773</id>
      <parentid>1228926</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T23:25:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8863" xml:space="preserve">{| border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;330px&quot; style=&quot;margin-left:15px; border-collapse:collapse; border-color:#f2f2f4&quot; 
|+&lt;font size=&quot;+1&quot;&gt;'''República de Moçambique'''&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''Jamhuri ya Msumbiji'''&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
| align=&quot;center&quot; colspan=&quot;2&quot; | 
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot; | [[Picha:Flag of Mozambique.svg|175px|Bendera ya Msumbiji]]
| align=&quot;center&quot; width=&quot;50%&quot; | [[Picha:EscudoMozambique.PNG|175px]]
|-----
|}
&lt;!--
|----
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;border-bottom:3px solid gray; text-align:center; empty-cells:show;&quot; | [[Wito]]: &lt;small&gt; (inaangaliwa upya)&lt;small&gt;
--&gt;
|----
| [[Lugha ya taifa]] || [[Kireno]]
|----
| [[Mji Mkuu]] || [[Maputo]]
|----
| [[Aina ya Serikali]] || [[Jamhuri]]
|----
| [[Rais]] ||| [[Filipe Nyusi]]
|----
| [[Waziri Mkuu]] ||| [[Carlos Agostinho do Rosário]]
|----
| [[Eneo]] || [[km²]] 801.590 
|----
| [[Wakazi]] || 24,692,144 &lt;small&gt;(Julai 2014)&lt;/small&gt;
|----
| [[Wakazi kwa km²]] || 28.7
|----
| [[JPT/ Mkazi]] || 233 [[US-$]] &lt;small&gt;(2004)&lt;/small&gt;
|----
| [[Uhuru]] || kutoka Ureno tar. 25.06.[[1975]]
|----
| [[Pesa]] || [[Metical]] (MZM)
|----
| [[Wakati]] || [[UTC]] +2h
|----
| [[Wimbo wa Taifa]] || Pátria Amada (kwa Kireno: Nchi pendwa)
|----
| [[Namba ya simu ya kimataifa]] || +258
|-----
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=right | [[Picha:LocationMozambique.png|center|Msumbiji katika Afrika]]
|-----
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=right | 
|}

'''Msumbiji''' (pia '''Mozambik''', kwa [[Kireno]]: ''Moçambique'') ni nchi ya [[Afrika ya Kusini]]-Mashariki. 

Msumbiji iko [[ufukwe|ufukoni]] mwa [[Bahari Hindi]] ikipakana na [[Tanzania]], [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Eswatini]]. 

Upande wa [[mashariki]] kuna [[kisiwa]] cha [[Madagaska]] ng'ambo ya [[mlango bahari]] wa Msumbiji.

Jina la nchi limetokana na [[Kisiwa cha Msumbiji]] (kwa Kireno: Ilha de Moçambique) kilichokuwa [[boma]] na [[makao makuu]] ya [[Ureno]] kwenye [[pwani]] ya [[Afrika ya Mashariki]].

[[Sikukuu]] ya [[Taifa]] ni tarehe [[25 Juni]], ulipopatikana na [[uhuru]] [[mwaka]] [[1975]].

__TOC__{{clear left}}

== Jiografia ==
[[Picha:Msumbiji ramani.png|thumb|left|300px|Ramani ya Msumbiji]]
[[Tambarare]] ya pwani ni sehemu kubwa ya [[kusini]] mwa nchi, lakini kwenda [[kaskazini]] [[upana]] wake unapungua. 

Nyuma ya tambarare nchi inapanda hadi kufika uwiano wa tambarare ya juu ya [[Afrika ya Kusini]]. 

[[Milima]] mirefu zaidi inajulikana kama [[Inyanga]] yenye [[mita]] 2500 juu ya [[UB]]: iko katika jimbo la [[Tete]] inayopakana na Zimbabwe, Zambia na Malawi. 

[[Mito]] iko mingi, mkubwa zaidi ukiwa ndio [[Zambezi]], halafu [[Ruvuma (mto)|Ruvuma]] mpakani kwa Tanzania, [[Save]] na [[Mto wa Limpopo|Limpopo]].

[[Ziwa la Nyassa]] ni sehemu ya [[mpaka]] na Malawi.

Umbo la eneo la nchi ni refu sana: ni [[kilomita]] 2000 kutoka mpaka wa Tanzania upande wa kaskazini hadi [[Maputo]] iliyoko karibu na Uswazi na Afrika Kusini.

Pwani ya [[Bahari Hindi]] ina [[urefu]] wa [[km]] 2.470.

[[Miji]] mikubwa zaidi ni [[Maputo]] (wakazi 1.191.613), [[Matola]] (wakazi 543.907) na [[Beira (Msumbiji)|Beira]] (wakazi 530.706).

== Historia ==
{{main|Historia ya Msumbiji}}
Wakazi wa kwanza wa Msumbiji huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika karne za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]] ambao walimeza wakazi wa kwanza inavyothibitishwa na [[DNA]].

Haijulikani ni lini ya kwamba [[wafanyabiashara]] [[Waarabu]] walianza kufika ufukoni na kujenga vituo na miji yao. Lakini [[utamaduni]] wa [[Waswahili]] ulifika hadi sehemu za [[mwambao]] wa Msumbiji. Hadi leo aina ya [[Kiswahili]] inazungumzwa kwenye [[visiwa]] vya [[Kirimba (visiwa)|Kirimba]].

[[Mto wa Zambezi]] ilitumika kama njia ya [[mawasiliano]] na [[biashara]] kati ya [[Ufalme]] wa [[Mwene Mtapa]] (Zimbabwe) na wafanyabiashara wa pwani. 

Taarifa za kimaandishi zinaanza na kufika kwa [[Wareno]]. Mwaka [[1498]] [[Vasco da Gama]] alifika akiwa njiani kuelekea [[Bara Hindi]]. 

Baadaye Msumbiji ikawa [[koloni]] la Wareno hadi mwaka 1975 [[vita vya ukombozi]] vya miaka [[1964]]-[[1974]] vilipomalizika kwa [[ushindi]].

Hata hivyo vilifuata [[vita vya wenyewe kwa wenyewe]] miaka [[1977]]-[[1992]].

ɬ== Watu ==
[[File:Mozambique - mask.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Mwanamke]] na [[kinyago]] nchini Msumbiji.]]
Nchini Msumbiji kuna ma[[kabila]] mengi sana, kama vile [[Wamakua]], [[Wanyungwe]], [[Wayao]], [[Wamakonde]] na [[Watsonga]]. 

Kila kabila lina [[lugha]] yake, lakini [[lugha rasmi]] ni [[Kireno]], ambacho kinaweza kuzungumzwa na 50.3% za wakazi, ingawa ni lugha ya nyumbani kwa 16.6% tu.

Upande wa [[dini]], [[sensa]] ya mwaka [[2017]] ilikuta 59.2% ni [[Wakristo]] (hasa [[Waprotestanti]] na [[Wakatoliki]], ambao ni 28.4%) na 18.9% ni [[Waislamu]]. 7.3% wanafuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] au nyingine. Kumbe 13.9% hawana dini yoyote, kufuatana na [[kampeni]] ya [[Ukomunisti]] ya miaka [[1979]]-[[1982]].

== Tazama pia ==
* [[Mikoa ya Msumbiji]]
* [[Orodha ya lugha za Msumbiji]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

==Marejeo==
* Abrahamsson, Hans ''Mozambique: The Troubled Transition, from Socialist Construction to Free Market Capitalism'' London: Zed Books, 1995
* Cahen, Michel ''Les bandits: un historien au Mozambique'', Paris: Gulbenkian, 1994
* Gengenbach, Heidi. Binding Memories: Women as Makers and Tellers of History in Magude, Mozambique. Columbia University Press, 2004. [http://www.gutenberg-e.org/geh01/main.html Entire Text Online]
* Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Africa and America in The Sixties: A Decade That Changed The Nation and The Destiny of A Continent'', First Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0-9802534-2-9
* Mwakikagile, Godfrey, ''Nyerere and Africa: End of an Era'', Third Edition, New Africa Press, 2006, &quot;Chapter Seven: &quot;The Struggle for Mozambique: The Founding of FRELIMO in Tanzania,&quot; pp.&amp;nbsp;206–225, ISBN 978-0-9802534-1-2
* Newitt, Malyn ''A History of Mozambique'' Indiana University Press. ISBN 1-85065-172-8
* Pitcher, Anne ''Transforming Mozambique: The politics of privatisation, 1975–2000'' Cambridge, 2002
* Varia, &quot;Religion in Mozambique&quot;, ''LFM: Social sciences &amp; Missions'' No. 17, December 2005

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Mozambique}}

; Serikali
* {{pt}} [http://www.mozambique.mz/ Serikali ya Msumbiji]
* [http://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/ Republic of Mozambique] {{Wayback|url=http://www.portaldogoverno.gov.mz/ |date=20140719103603 }} Official Government Portal
* [http://www.ine.gov.mz/Dashboards.aspx?lang=en Instituto Nacional de Estatística] National Statistical Office
* [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/mozambique.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-m/mozambique.html |date=20091026200023 }}

; Habari
* [http://www.noticiasmocambique.co.mz News From Mozambique] {{Wayback|url=http://www.noticiasmocambique.co.mz/ |date=20150521133349 }} from [[Notícias Moçambique]]

; Taarifa za jumla
* [http://www.bti-project.org/countryreports/esa/moz/ Mozambique Country Report] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bti-project.org/countryreports/esa/moz/ |date=20140119120839 }}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1063120.stm Country Profile] from [[BBC News]]
* {{CIA World Factbook link|mz|Mozambique}}
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mozambique.htm Mozambique] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/mozambique.htm |date=20081026035559 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Mozambique}}
* {{wikiatlas|Mozambique}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=MZ Key Development Forecasts for Mozambique] from [[International Futures]]

; Asasi zisizolenga faida
* [http://www.unicef.org/mozambique UNICEF Mozambique] UNICEF Mozambique
* [http://www.mapn.ro/smg/gmr/Engleza/Arhiva_pdf/2011/revista_2.pdf Hungarian Peacekeepers in Africa and a Hungarian Perspective on the UN Mission in Mozambique]

; Utalii
* [http://www.niassareserve.org/ Niassa Reserve] {{Wayback|url=http://www.niassareserve.org/ |date=20110921074338 }} Niassa National Reserve official website
* [http://www.travel-images.com/mozambique.html Msumbiji - taswira]

; Afya
*The State of the World's Midwifery &amp;ndash; [http://www.unfpa.org/sowmy/resources/docs/country_info/profile/en_Mozambique_SoWMy_Profile.pdf Mozambique Country Profile]

{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{CPLP}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}

[[Jamii:Msumbiji| ]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]
[[Jamii:Nchi zinazotumia Kireno]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lugha za Kibantu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2640</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241753</id>
      <parentid>1199347</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:49:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
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      <text bytes="4042" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Lugha za Afrika ramani.PNG|right|350px|thumb|[[Ramani]] hii inaonyesha enezi la '''lugha za Kibantu''' (rangi ya ma[[chungwa]]) kulingana na lugha nyingine za Niger-Congo (rangi ya manjano).]]
'''Lugha za Kibantu''' ni kundi la [[lugha]] ambalo ni [[tawi]] la [[lugha za Niger-Kongo]]. 

Lugha za Kibantu huzungumzwa hasa katika nchi za [[Nigeria]], [[Kamerun]], [[Guinea ya Ikweta]], [[Gabon]], [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Uganda]], [[Kenya]], [[Tanzania]], [[Komori]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Malawi]], [[Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Angola]], [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Lesotho]], [[Eswatini]] na [[Afrika ya Kusini]]. 

Uenezi huo unaonyesha kwamba kundi la lugha za Kibantu ni kubwa kabisa [[bara]]ni [[Afrika]], na [[idadi]] ya wanaozitumia ni takriban watu [[milioni]] 310.

[[Neno]] ''Bantu'', maana yake ni ''watu'' katika lugha nyingi za kundi hilo. [[Shina]] lake ni ''-ntu'', na [[kiambishi awali]] cha ''ba-'' kinaonyesha [[uwingi]] wa [[viumbehai]]. Kwa sababu hiyo, [[mtaalamu]] [[Wilhelm Heinrich Immanuel Bleek]] (aliyeishi tangu mwaka [[1827]] hadi [[1875]]) alitumia neno hilo kwa kurejea kundi la lugha hizo. Bleek alilinganisha [[sarufi]] za lugha mbalimbali za Kibantu, na baadaye [[Carl Meinhof]] alimfuata katika [[utafiti]] huo.

Kuna ma[[mia]] ya lugha za Kibantu; [[wataalamu]] wengine wanahesabu 300, wengine wanahesabu 600. Mtaalamu [[Malcolm Guthrie]] aliziainisha kulingana na maeneo ya ki[[jiografia]]. Kila eneo limepata [[herufi]] yake — A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, L, M, N, P, R na S — na ndani ya kila eneo kuna [[tarakimu]] tena. Pia, Guthrie alichunguza [[lugha ya nasaba]] ambayo ni chanzo cha lugha zote za Kibantu.

== Tabia za Kibantu na historia ya lugha ==
Lugha za Kibantu zina [[tabia]] mbalimbali za pamoja. Kati ya tabia hizo kuna viambishi awali na [[ngeli za nomino]].

Kutokana na [[sifa]] hizo wataalamu wamekadiria kwamba asili ya lugha za Kibantu ilikuwa katika maeneo ya [[Kamerun]] ya [[Kusini]]; kutoka huko wasemaji asilia wa Kibantu katika [[milenia ya pili KK]] walihamia [[Kongo]] hadi [[Zambia]]. Waliendelea kuhamahama na kupanuka hadi kufika maeneo yote walipo sasa. 

Sehemu kubwa ya maeneo ya wasemaji wa lugha za Kibantu zilikaliwa awali na wasemaji wa [[lugha za Khoisan]]. Wataalamu wamekisia kwamba Wabantu walifaulu kuenea kutokana na [[maarifa]] yao ya [[kilimo]] na hasa matumizi ya [[chuma]] katika [[zana]] za kilimo na pia [[silaha]].

== Lugha za Kibantu zenye wasemaji wengi ==
Kati ya lugha za Kibantu zinazotumika zaidi kuna [[Kiswahili]] na [[Kilingala]]. Lugha zenye wasemaji wengi kama [[lugha ya kwanza]] ni [[Kizulu]] na [[Kishona]].

''(Idadi ya wasemaji ni makadirio tu; bado ina tofauti kati ya makala na makala)''
* [[Kiswahili]] na [[lahaja]] zake (wasemaji milioni 150&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Swahili|url=https://clp.arizona.edu/swahili|work=Critical Languages Program|date=2016-04-12|accessdate=2020-01-30|language=en|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504081655/https://clp.arizona.edu/swahili|archivedate=2019-05-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;): [[Tanzania]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Rwanda]], [[Burundi]], [[Komori]], [[Mayotte]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Somalia]].
* [[Kinyarwanda]]-[[Kirundi]] : (wasemaji milioni 15): Rwanda, Burundi
* [[Lingala]] (wasemaji milioni 10): [[Angola]], [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]], [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, [[Gabon]]
* [[Chichewa]] (wasemaji milioni 9) : [[Malawi]]
* [[Kizulu]] (wasemaji milioni 9) : [[Afrika Kusini]]
* [[Kisukuma]] (wasemaji milioni 9) : Tanzania.
* [[Kishona]] (wasemaji milioni 7) : Msumbiji, [[Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]]
* [[Gikuyu]] (wasemaji milioni 7) : Kenya
* [[Kikongo]] (wasemaji milioni 6) : Angola, Jamhuri ya Kongo, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo
* [[Chiluba]] (wasemaji milioni 6) : Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo, [[Angola]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-lugha}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bantu}}
[[Jamii:Makundi ya lugha]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kibantu]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Eswatini</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>3191</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241761</id>
      <parentid>1241436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T20:02:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6012" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm Swaziland] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm |date=20090521105240 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Swaziland}}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* [http://www.cbi.ac.sz/ Central Business Institute Swaziland] {{Wayback|url=http://www.cbi.ac.sz/ |date=20160109192630 }}
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://internetcafedirectory.co.za/component/option,com_mtree/task,listcats/cat_id,52/Itemid,26/ Swaziland Internet Cafe directory] {{Wayback|url=http://internetcafedirectory.co.za/component/option,com_mtree/task,listcats/cat_id,52/Itemid,26/ |date=20091202055106 }}
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>8tztw9sgcwsskcgmg4npg2ykoqx5xwy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241775</id>
      <parentid>1241761</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T00:33:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ The Central Business Institute has not existed for at least 6 years. Much of the information on the archived website is outdated and thus worthless. In addition, several links to further information are no longer accessible.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5889" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm Swaziland] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm |date=20090521105240 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Swaziland}}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://internetcafedirectory.co.za/component/option,com_mtree/task,listcats/cat_id,52/Itemid,26/ Swaziland Internet Cafe directory] {{Wayback|url=http://internetcafedirectory.co.za/component/option,com_mtree/task,listcats/cat_id,52/Itemid,26/ |date=20091202055106 }}
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>5a0tr1st3ojazln9gr3at76u18hbtzk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241776</id>
      <parentid>1241775</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:16:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ The Internet Cafe Cybercafe Directory has not existed for at least 8 years. It is questionable whether the only four Internet Cafes already listed on the archived website since 2009 still exist at all.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5619" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm Swaziland] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm |date=20090521105240 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Swaziland}}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>bpojsyfgglf6hc4fz8kdvyna27ve8ub</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241777</id>
      <parentid>1241776</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:20:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ Error 400 Bad Request</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5582" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm Swaziland] {{Wayback|url=http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/swaziland.htm |date=20090521105240 }} from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>cn61yl3tisuclr0snailpb9y5q9ksu6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241778</id>
      <parentid>1241777</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:33:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ Much of the information on the 2009 archived website is outdated and thus worthless. (Inflation Rate for July 2005, GDP growth rate for 2003, Indicators from the 1997 Census ...) In addition, several links to further information are no longer accessible.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5381" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>p0wq8a6ztnm1lgyk1kcd6b9lk067p1w</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241788</id>
      <parentid>1241778</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:19:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ + * [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, English)</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5535" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>5r1yqob5pg4rm0d5abd2mv0bmyc1vqi</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241789</id>
      <parentid>1241788</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:22:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ /* Viungo vya nje */ * [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5736" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>noavow6p7nxtyzg000hnxzdr3308yfk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241790</id>
      <parentid>1241789</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:24:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ + * [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (page about the three big game parks, english)</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5857" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (page about the three big game parks, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>6bb4jmolhn4nhxs0hd7yx6dycgfu88g</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241791</id>
      <parentid>1241790</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:30:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Viungo vya nje */ + * [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (page about the three big game parks, english)</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5860" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''&lt;br /&gt;Kingdom of Eswatini
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (website about the three big game parks, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>hhjbrwa7vl0g6ov1t92024o511etaa4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241792</id>
      <parentid>1241791</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:35:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>corr.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5855" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Eswatini
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map =LocationSwaziland.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (website about the three big game parks, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>jrvdqkqnrcprm0vqsfp4l7gg5ajecxo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241793</id>
      <parentid>1241792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:36:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Location Eswatini.png</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5856" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Eswatini
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map = Location Eswatini.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Wz-map.gif|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (website about the three big game parks, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>h89j4d9m78b4c1zccag0jssus47rz5i</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241797</id>
      <parentid>1241793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T04:27:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>better map</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5870" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Eswatini
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map = Location Eswatini.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Eswatini-CIA WFB Map.png|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Swaziland''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (website about the three big game parks, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>748pyua5a73imaweb9u76cde5oca2d6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241798</id>
      <parentid>1241797</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T04:35:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>corr.</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5869" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
|native_name = Umbuso weSwatini''
|conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Eswatini
|common_name =Uswazi
|image_flag = Flag of Eswatini.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Eswatini.svg
|image_map = Location Eswatini.png
|national_motto = Siyinqaba&lt;br /&gt;([[Kiswati]]: Sisi ni boma)
|national_anthem =''[[Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati]]''
|official_languages =[[Kiingereza]], [[Kiswati]]
|capital = &lt;small&gt;serikali&lt;/small&gt;: [[Mbabane]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;mfalme na bunge&lt;/small&gt;: [[Lobamba]]
|latd=26 |latm=19 |latNS=S |longd=31 |longm=8|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Mbabane]]
|government_type = Ufalme
|leader_titles = [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uswazi|Mfalme]]
|leader_title2 = [[Ndlovukati]]
|leader_title3 = [[Orodha ya mawaziri wakuu wa Uswazi|Waziri Mkuu]]
|leader_names = [[Mswati III wa Uswazi|Mswati III]]
|leader_name2 = [[Ntfombi Tfwala]]
|leader_name3 = [[Themba N. Masuku]]
|area_rank = ya 157
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area= 17,364
|areami²= 6,704&lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|percent_water = 0.9
|population_estimate = 1,119,000 
|population_estimate_rank = ya 154
|population_estimate_year = Julai 2015
|population_census = 1,018,449
|population_census_year = 2007
|Ethnic_groups = The majority of Swaziland's population is ethnically Swazi, mixed with a small number of Zulu and White Africans, mostly people of British and Afrikaner descent.
|Ethnic_groups_year =
|population_density = 68.2
|population_densitymi² = 176.8  &lt;!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --&gt;
|population_density_rank = 135
|GDP_PPP =$6.222 billion &lt;!--CIA--&gt;
|GDP_PPP_rank = ya 149
|GDP_PPP_year=2005
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $5,500
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =ya 127
|sovereignty_type =[[Uhuru]]
|established_events =kutoka [[Uingereza]]
|established_dates =[[6 Septemba]] [[1968]]
|HDI =0.498
|HDI_rank =ya 147
|HDI_year =2003
|HDI_category =&lt;font color=&quot;#E0584E&quot;&gt;low&lt;/font&gt;
|currency =[[Lilangeni]]
|currency_code =SZL
|country_code =
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = + 2
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|cctld =[[.sz]]
|calling_code =268
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Picha:Eswatini-CIA WFB Map.png|thumb|left|220px|[[Ramani]] ya Eswatini.]]
'''Eswatini''' ([[jina]] rasmi tangu [[mwaka]] [[2018]] ni '''Umbuso weSwatini'''; [[kifupi]] cha [[Kiswati]]: '''eSwatini'''&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-43821512 Swaziland king renames country 'the Kingdom of eSwatini'], tovuti ya BBC, iliangaliwa Aprili 2018&lt;/ref&gt;; kwa [[Kiswahili]] pia: '''Uswazi'''; kwa [[Kiingereza]]: '''Eswatini''') ni nchi ndogo ya [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] isiyo na [[pwani]] katika [[bahari]] yoyote. 

Imepakana na [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Msumbiji]].

[[Mji mkuu]] ni [[Mbabane]].

==Historia==
{{main|Historia ya Eswatini}}
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

[[Waswati]] walianzisha [[ufalme]] wao katikati ya [[karne ya 18]] chini ya [[Ngwane III]]; mipaka ya sasa ilikubalika mwaka [[1881]].

Baada ya [[vita]] kati ya [[Waingereza]] na [[Makaburu]], Swaziland ilukuwa [[nchi lindwa]] ya [[Uingereza]] tangu mwaka [[1903]] hadi [[1967]].

Chini ya [[mfalme]] [[Sobhuza II]] aliyetawala kwa muda mrefu sana ([[1921]]-[[1982]]), Swaziland ilipata [[uhuru]] [[tarehe]] [[6 Septemba]] [[1968]].

==Siasa==
Eswatini inatawaliwa tangu mwaka [[1986]] na [[mfalme]] [[Mswati III]]. Mfalme anapingwa mara nyingi kwa sababu anatumia [[pesa]] nyingi kwa ajili yake binafsi ilhali wananchi ni [[maskini]] sana. Kwa muda mwingi wa [[uhuru]] wa nchi [[katiba]] imesimamishwa, na mfalme ametawala peke yake.

==Watu==
[[File:A Swati Woman Dancing.jpg|thumb|righgt|Mwanamke kutoka Eswatini akicheza.]]
Wakazi wengi ni wa [[kabila]] la [[Waswati]] na kuongea [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswati]] ambacho ni [[lugha rasmi]] pamoja na [[Kiingereza]]. Shuleni kinafundishwa pia [[Kireno]].

Upande wa [[dini]], 89.3% ni [[Wakristo]] wa [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali, hasa [[Waprotestanti]], lakini pia [[Wakatoliki]] (5%). Wanaoendelea kufuata [[dini asilia za Kiafrika]] ni 0.5% na [[Waislamu]] ni 1%.

==Afya==
Eswatini ni kati ya nchi [[duniani]] zilizoathiriwa zaidi na [[Ukimwi]]; [[umri]] wa [[wastani]] unafikia miaka 22 pekee kwa sababu ya [[Kifo|vifo]] vingi (64%) vinavyotokana na [[ugonjwa]] huo uliopata 26% ya watu wazima wote. 

==Tanbihi==
&lt;references/&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Uswazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Eswatini}}
* [http://www.gov.sz/ Government of Eswatini]
* {{wikiatlas|Eswatini}}
* [https://www.thekingdomofeswatini.com/ The Kingdom of Eswatini – a royal experience], official Eswatini tourism website (richly illustrated, english)
* [http://eswatininaturereserves.com/ Eswatini National Trust Commission – Conserving Eswatini's Natural and Cultural Heritage], (very extensive descriptions of history, culture and nature, English)
* [http://www.biggameparks.org/ The Kingdom of Eswatini's Big Game Parks] (website about the three big game parks, english)
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eswatini/ Eswatini] entry at [[World Fact Book]]
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14095303 eSwatini country profile] from the [[BBC News]]
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SZ Key Development Forecasts for Eswatini] from [[International Futures]] (IFs)
* [http://www.photostaud.com/africa/swaziland Photographs of Swaziland Wildlife – Hlane Royal National Park, Mkhaya Game Reserve]
{{Afrika}}
{{African Union}}
{{Mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Nchi za Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Umoja wa Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Jumuiya ya Madola]]</text>
      <sha1>qym5mx21mwflvh9paq6rujgdlkspak7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>18 Februari</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>4671</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241735</id>
      <parentid>1226699</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:31:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1606" xml:space="preserve">{{Februari}}
Tarehe '''18 Februari''' ni [[siku]] ya [[arubaini na tisa]] ya [[mwaka]]. Mpaka uishe zinabaki siku 316 (317 katika miaka mirefu).

== Matukio ==
* [[1965]] - Nchi ya [[Gambia]] inapata [[uhuru]] kutoka [[Uingereza]]

== Waliozaliwa ==
* [[1374]] - [[Mtakatifu]] [[Hedwiga wa Poland]], [[malkia]] kutoka [[Hungaria]]
* [[1855]] - [[Jean Jules Jusserand]], [[mwanasiasa]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]]
* [[1909]] - [[Wallace Stegner]], [[mwandishi]] kutoka [[Marekani]]
* [[1931]] - [[Toni Morrison]], mshindi wa [[Tuzo ya Nobel ya Fasihi]] mwaka wa [[1993]]
* [[1950]] - [[Cybill Shepherd]]
* [[1954]] - [[John Travolta]]
* [[1957]] - [[Vanna White]]
* [[1965]] - [[Andre Romell Young]], [[mwanamuziki]] kutoka [[Marekani]]
* [[1968]] - [[Molly Ringwald]]
* [[1987]] - [[Skin Diamond]]

== Waliofariki ==
* [[999]] - [[Papa Gregori V]]
* [[1546]] - [[Martin Luther]], [[mwanateolojia]] [[mwanzilishi]] wa [[Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti]]
* [[1957]] - [[Dedan Kimathi]], [[kiongozi]] wa [[Mau Mau]] nchini [[Kenya]]; alinyongwa

==Sikukuu==
[[Wakristo]] wengi, wakifuata [[mapokeo ya Roma]], huadhimisha [[kumbukumbu]] za [[watakatifu]] [[Sadoth na wenzake]], [[Eladi wa Toledo]], [[Tarasi wa Konstantinopoli]], [[Anjibati]], [[Theotoni]], [[Yohane-Fransisko-Regis Clet]], [[Yohane Petro Neel]], [[Martino Wu Xuesheng]], [[Yohane Zhang Tianshen]], [[Yohane Chen Xianheng]], [[Geltrude Comensoli]] n.k.

==Viungo vya nje==
{{Commons category|18 February}}
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/18 BBC: On This Day]
{{mbegu-historia}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Februari 18}} 
[[Jamii:Februari]]</text>
      <sha1>ow05h1mv96gxowzeh40vo8ulinhsj75</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>5464</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241774</id>
      <parentid>1207889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T23:30:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Orodha ya nchi na maeneo kufuatana na idadi ya wakazi */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26095" xml:space="preserve">[[File:World Population.svg|thumb|320px|]]
Hii ni orodha ya [[nchi huru]] zote, maeneo ya kujitegemea na maeneo mengine yanayotambuliwa na [[UM]] na pia [[Taiwan]] kufuatana na [[idadi]] ya wakazi.

[[Namba]] zinazotajwa zimenakiliwa kutoka ''(en:wikipedia List of countries by population (United Nations))'' mnamo [[Oktoba]] [[2017]] bila kuhakikisha kama [[takwimu]] ni sawa.

== Orodha ya nchi na maeneo kufuatana na idadi ya wakazi ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right&quot;
|-
! Cheo || Nchi / Eneo || Wakazi || Marejeo
|-
| — ||align=left| '''''[[Dunia]]''''' || '''7,550,262,101'''||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| [http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/popclockworld.html ]
|-
| 1 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa China]] (''Bara'')|| 1,409,517,397||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Isipokuwa [[Taiwan]], [[Hong Kong]] na [[Macau]].&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 2 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of India.svg|left|30px]] [[Uhindi]] || 1,339,180,127 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 3 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the United States.svg|left|30px]] [[Marekani]] || 324,459,463||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 4 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Indonesia.svg|left|30px]] [[Indonesia]] || 263,991,379||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 5 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Brazil.svg|left|30px]] [[Brazil]] || 209,288,278 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot; | 
|-
| 6 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Pakistan.svg|left|30px]] [[Pakistan]] || 197,015,955 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 7 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|30px]] [[Nigeria]] || 190,886,311 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 8 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|left|30px]] [[Bangladesh]] || 164,669,751 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 9 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Russia.svg|left|30px]] [[Urusi]] || 143,989,754 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 10 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mexico.svg|left|30px]] [[Meksiko]] || 129,163,276
|-
| 11||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Japan.svg|left|30px]] [[Japan]] || 127,484,450 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 12 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|left|30px]] [[Ethiopia]] || 104,957,438
|-
| 13 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Philippines.svg|left|30px]] [[Ufilipino]] || 104,918,090
|-
| 14 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|30px]] [[Misri]] || 97,553,151
|-
| 15 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Vietnam.svg|left|30px]] [[Vietnam]] || 95,540,800
|-
| 16 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Germany.svg|left|30px]] [[Ujerumani]] || 82,114,224
|-
| 17 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 81,339,988
|-
| 18 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Iran.svg|left|30px]] [[Uajemi]] ||81,162,788 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 19 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Turkey.svg|left|30px]] [[Uturuki]] || 80,745,020
|-
| 20 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Thailand.svg|left|30px]] [[Uthai]] || 69,037,513
|-
| 21 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|left|30px]] [[Ufalme wa Muungano]] ([[Uingereza]]) || 66,181,585 
|-
| 22 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of France.svg|left|30px]] [[Ufaransa]] || 64,979,548 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;[[Ufaransa]] bara tu&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 23 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Italy.svg|left|30px]] [[Italia]] || 59,359,900
|-
| 24 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|30px]] [[Tanzania]] || 57,310,019 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Zanzibar]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 25 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|30px]] [[Afrika Kusini]] || 56,717,156
|-
| 26 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Myanmar.svg|left|30px]] [[Myanmar]] || 53,370,609
|-
| 27 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of South Korea.svg|left|30px]] [[Korea ya Kusini]] || 50,982,212
|-
| 28 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|30px]] [[Kenya]] || 49,699,862
|-
| 29 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Colombia.svg|left|30px]] [[Kolumbia]] || 49,065,615|| style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 30 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Spain.svg|left|30px]] [[Hispania]] || 46,354,321 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Kanari]], [[Ceuta]] na [[Melilla]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 31 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Argentina.svg|left|30px]] [[Argentina]] || 44,271,041
|-
| 32 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ukraine.svg|left|30px]] [[Ukraine]] || 44,222,947 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Krim]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 33 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Uganda.svg|left|30px]] [[Uganda]] || 42,862,958
|-
| 34 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|30px]] [[Algeria]] || 41,318,142
|-
| 35 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sudan.svg|left|30px]] [[Sudan]] || 40,533,330
|-
| 36 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Iraq.svg|left|30px]] [[Iraq]] || 38,274,618
|-
| 37 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Poland.svg|left|30px]] [[Poland]] || 38,170,712
|-
| 38 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Canada.svg|left|30px]] [[Kanada]] || 36,624,199|| style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;|
|-
| 39 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Morocco.svg|left|30px]] [[Moroko]] || 35,739,580
|-
| 40 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Afghanistan.svg|left|30px]] [[Afghanistan]] || 35,530,081
|-
| 41 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|left|30px]] [[Saudia]] || 32,938,213
|-
| 42 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Peru.svg|left|30px]] [[Peru]] || 32,165,485
|-
| 43 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Venezuela.svg|left|30px]] [[Venezuela]] || 31,977,065
|-
| 44 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg|left|30px]] [[Uzbekistan]] || 31,910,641
|-
| 45 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Malaysia.svg|left|30px]] [[Malaysia]] || 31,624,264 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Sabah]] na [[Sarawak]] &lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 46 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Angola.svg|left|30px]] [[Angola]] || 31,624,264
|-
| 47 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|30px]] [[Msumbiji]] || 29,668,834
|-
| 48 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Nepal.svg|left|30px]] [[Nepal]] || 29,304,998
|- 
| 49 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|30px]] [[Ghana]] || 28,833,629
|-
| 50 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Yemen.svg|left|30px]] [[Yemeni]] || 28,250,420
|-
| 51 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Madagascar.svg|left|30px]] [[Madagaska]] || 25,570,895
|-
| 52 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of North Korea.svg|left|30px]] [[Korea ya Kaskazini]] || 25,490,965
|-
| 53 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Australia.svg|left|30px]] [[Australia]] || 24,450,561||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref name=&quot;aus&quot;&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya  [[Christmas Island]], [[Cocos (Keeling) Islands]] na [[Norfolk Island]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 54 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|left|30px]] [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || 24,294,750
|-
| 55 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cameroon.svg|left|30px]] [[Kamerun]] || 24,053,727
|-
| 56 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya China (Taiwan)]] || 23,626,456
|-
| 57 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Niger.svg|left|30px]] [[Niger]] || 21,477,348
|-
| 58 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg|left|30px]] [[Sri Lanka]] || 20,876,917
|-
| 59 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Romania.svg|left|30px]] [[Romania]] || 19,679,306
|-
| 60 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|left|30px]] [[Burkina Faso]] || 19,193,382
|-
| 61 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|30px]] [[Malawi]] || 18,622,104
|-
| 62 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mali.svg|left|30px]] [[Mali]] || 18,541,980
|-
| 63 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Syria.svg|left|30px]] [[Shamu]] || 18,269,868
|-
| 64 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg|left|30px]] [[Kazakhstan]] || 18,204,499
|-
| 65 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Chile.svg|left|30px]] [[Chile]] || 18,054,726
|-
| 66 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|30px]] [[Zambia]] || 17,094,130
|-
| 67 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|left|30px]] [[Uholanzi]] || 17,035,938 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 68 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guatemala.svg|left|30px]] [[Guatemala]] || 16,913,503
|-
| 69 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ecuador.svg|left|30px]] [[Ekuador]] || 16,624,858
|-
| 70 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|30px]] [[Zimbabwe]] || 16,529,904
|-
| 71 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cambodia.svg|left|30px]] [[Kambodia]] || 16,005,373
|-
| 72 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Senegal.svg|left|30px]] [[Senegal]] || 15,850,567
|-
| 73 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Chad.svg|left|30px]] [[Chad]] || 14,899,994
|-
| 74 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Somalia.svg|left|30px]] [[Somalia]] || 14,742,523
|-
| 75 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guinea.svg|left|30px]] [[Guinea]] || 12,717,176
|-
| 76 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of South Sudan.svg|left|30px]] [[Sudan Kusini]] || 12,575,714
|-
| 77 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Rwanda.svg|left|30px]] [[Rwanda]] || 12,208,407
|-
| 78 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tunisia.svg|left|30px]] [[Tunisia]] || 11,532,127
|-
| 79 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cuba.svg|left|30px]] [[Kuba]] || 11,484,636
|-
| 80 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Belgium.svg|left|30px]] [[Ubelgiji]] || 11,429,336
|-
| 81 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Benin.svg|left|30px]] [[Benin]] || 11,175,692
|-
| 82 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Greece.svg|left|30px]] [[Ugiriki]] || 11,120,000
|-
| 83 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bolivia.svg|left|30px]] [[Bolivia]] || 11,051,600
|-
| 84 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Haiti.svg|left|30px]] [[Haiti]] || 10,981,229
|-
| 85 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Burundi.svg|left|30px]] [[Burundi]] || 10,864,245
|-
| 86 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Dominika]] || 10,766,998
|-
| 87 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg|left|30px]] [[Uceki]] || 10,618,303
|-
| 88 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Portugal.svg|left|30px]] [[Ureno]] || 10,329,506
|-
| 89 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sweden.svg|left|30px]] [[Uswidi]] || 9,910,701 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[Aland]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 90 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg|left|30px]] [[Azerbaijan]] || 9,827,589 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Nagorno-Karabakh]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 91 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Hungary.svg|left|30px]] [[Hungaria]] || 9,721,559
|-
| 92 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Jordan.svg|left|30px]] [[Yordani]] || 9,702,353 
|-
| 93 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Belarus.svg|left|30px]] [[Belarus]] || 9,468,338
|-
| 94 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|left|30px]] [[Falme za Kiarabu]] || 9,400,145
|-
| 95 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Honduras.svg|left|30px]] [[Honduras]] || 9,265,067
|-
| 96 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tajikistan.svg|left|30px]] [[Tajikistan]] || 8,921,343
|-
| 97 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Serbia.svg|left|30px]] [[Serbia]] || 8,790,574 || &lt;ref &gt;Pamoja na Kosovo.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 98 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Austria.svg|left|30px]] [[Austria]] || 8,735,453
|-
| 99 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Switzerland.svg|left|30px]] [[Uswisi]] || 8,476,005
|-
| 100 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Israel.svg|left|30px]] [[Israel]] || 8,321,570
|-
| 101 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg|left|30px]] [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] || 8,251,162
|-
| 102 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Togo.svg|left|30px]] [[Togo]] || 7,797,694
|-
| 103 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|left|30px]] [[Sierra Leone]] || 7,557,212
|-
| 104 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Hong Kong.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Hong Kong]] ([[China]])'' || 7,364,883
|-
| 105 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|left|30px]] [[Bulgaria]] || 7,084,571
|-
| 106 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Laos.svg|left|30px]] [[Laos]] || 6,858,160
|-
| 107 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Paraguay.svg|left|30px]] [[Paraguay]] || 6,811,297
|-
| 108 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of El Salvador.svg|left|30px]] [[El Salvador]] || 6,377,853
|-
| 109 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Libya.svg|left|30px]] [[Libya]] || 6,374,616 
|-
| 110 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|left|30px]] [[Nikaragua]] || 6,217,581
|-
| 111 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Lebanon.svg|left|30px]] [[Lebanon]] || 6,082,357
|-
| 112 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg|left|30px]] [[Kirgizia]] || 6,045,117
|-
| 113 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg|left|30px]] [[Turkmenistan]] || 5,758,075
|-
| 114 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Denmark.svg|left|30px]] [[Denmark]] || 5,431,000
|-
| 115 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Singapore.svg|left|30px]] [[Singapur]] || 5,708,844
|-
| 116 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Finland.svg|left|30px]] [[Ufini]] || 5,523,231 ||&lt;ref name=&quot;fin&quot;&gt;Pamoja na [[Åland Islands]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 117 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Slovakia.svg|left|30px]] [[Slovakia]] || 5,447,662
|-
| 118 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Norway.svg|left|30px]] [[Norwei]] || 5,305,383||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref name=&quot;nor&quot;&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[Svalbard]] na [[Jan Mayen Island]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 119 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] || 5,260,750
|-
| 120 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Eritrea.svg|left|30px]] [[Eritrea]] || 5,068,831
|-
| 121 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Palestine.svg|left|30px]] [[Palestina]] || 4,920,724 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Yerusalemu]] Mashariki&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 122 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Costa Rica.svg|left|30px]] [[Costa Rica]] || 4,905,769
|-
| 123 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ireland.svg|left|30px]] [[Eire]] || 4,761,657 || 
|-
| 124 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Liberia.svg|left|30px]] [[Liberia]] || 4,731,906
|-
| 125 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of New Zealand.svg|left|30px]] [[New Zealand]] || 4,705,818 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 126 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] || 4,659,080
|-
| 127 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Oman.svg|left|30px]] [[Oman]] || 4,636,262
|-
| 128 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mauritania.svg|left|30px]] [[Mauritania]] || 4,420,184
|-
| 129 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Croatia.svg|left|30px]] [[Kroatia]] || 4,189,353
|-
| 130 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Kuwait.svg|left|30px]] [[Kuwait]] || 4,136,528
|-
| 131 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Panama.svg|left|30px]] [[Panama]] || 4,098,587
|-
| 132 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Moldova.svg|left|30px]] [[Moldova]] || 4,051,212 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Transnistria]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 133 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Georgia.svg|left|30px]] [[Georgia (nchi)|Georgia]] || 3,912,061 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Abkhazia]] na [[Ossetia Kusini]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 134 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Puerto Rico]] (eneo la [[Marekani]]) || 3,663,131
|-
| 135 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg|left|30px]] [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] || 3,507,017
|-
| 136 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Uruguay.svg|left|30px]] [[Uruguay]] || 3,456,750
|-
| 137 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mongolia.svg|left|30px]] [[Mongolia]] || 3,075,647
|-
| 138 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Armenia.svg|left|30px]] [[Armenia]] || 2,930,450
|-
| 139 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Albania.svg|left|30px]] [[Albania]] || 2,930,187
|-
| 140 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Jamaica.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamaica]] || 2,890,299
|-
| 141 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Lithuania.svg|left|30px]] [[Lithuania]] || 2,890,297
|-
| 142 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Qatar.svg|left|30px]] [[Qatar]] || 2,639,211
|-
| 143 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|30px]] [[Namibia]] || 2,533,794
|-
| 144 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Botswana.svg|left|30px]] [[Botswana]] || 2,291,661
|-
| 145 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Lesotho.svg|left|30px]] [[Lesotho]] || 2,233,339
|-
| 146 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|30px]] [[Gambia]] || 2,100,568
|-
| 147 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Macedonia.svg|left|30px]] [[Masedonia Kaskazini]] || 2,083,160
|-
| 148 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Slovenia.svg|left|30px]] [[Slovenia]] || 2,079,976
|-
| 149 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Gabon.svg|left|30px]] [[Gabon]] || 2,025,137
|-
| 150 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Latvia.svg|left|30px]] [[Latvia]] || 1,949,670
|-
| 151 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|left|30px]] [[Guinea-Bisau]] || 1,861,283
|-
| 152 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bahrain.svg|left|30px]] [[Bahrain]] || 1,492,584
|-
| 153 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg|left|30px]] [[Trinidad na Tobago]] || 1,369,125
|-
| 154 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|30px]] [[Eswatini]] || 1,367,254
|-
| 155 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Estonia.svg|left|30px]] [[Estonia]] || 1,309,632
|-
| 156 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of East Timor.svg|left|30px]] [[Timor ya Mashariki]] || 1,296,311
|-
| 157 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|left|30px]] [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] || 1,267,689
|-
| 158 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mauritius.svg|left|30px]] [[Morisi]] || 1,265,138||&lt;ref name=&quot;mau&quot;&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[Agalega]], [[Rodrigues (kisiwa)|Rodrigues]] na [[Cargados Carajos]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 159 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cyprus.svg|left|30px]] [[Kupro]] || 1,179,551 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Kupro Kaskazini]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 160 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Djibouti.svg|left|30px]] [[Jibuti]] || 956,985
|-
| 161 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Fiji.svg|left|30px]] [[Fiji]] || 905,502
|-
| 162 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of France.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Réunion]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]])|| 876,562
|-
| 163 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Comoros.svg|left|30px]] [[Komori]] || 813,912
|-
| 164 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bhutan.svg|left|30px]] [[Bhutan]] || 807,610 
|-
| 165 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guyana.svg|left|30px]] [[Guyana]] || 777,859
|-
| 166 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Montenegro.svg|left|30px]] [[Montenegro]] || 628,960 || 
|-
| 167 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Macau.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Macau]] ([[Uchina]])'' || 622,567
|-
| 168 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg|left|30px]] [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] || 611,343
|-
| 169 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Luxembourg.svg|left|30px]] [[Luxemburg]] || 583,455
|-
| 170 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Suriname.svg|left|30px]] [[Surinam]] || 563,402
|-
| 171 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Western Sahara.svg|left|30px]] [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] || 552,628
|-
| 172 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cape Verde.svg|left|30px]] [[Cabo Verde]] || 546,388
|-
| 173 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of France.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Guadeloupe]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]]) || 449,568 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[St. Barthélemy]] na [[Saint Martin]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 174 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Maldives.svg|left|30px]] [[Maldivi]] || 436,330
|-
| 175 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Malta.svg|left|30px]] [[Malta]] || 430,835
|-
| 176 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Brunei.svg|left|30px]] [[Brunei]] || 428,697
|-
| 177 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Bahamas.svg|left|30px]] [[Bahama]] || 395,361
|-
| 178 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Martinique.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Martinique]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]]) || 384,896
|-
| 179 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Belize.svg|left|30px]] [[Belize]] || 374,681
|-
| 180 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Iceland.svg|left|30px]] [[Iceland]] || 335,025
|-
| 181 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Barbados.svg|left|30px]] [[Barbados]] || 285,719
|-
| 182 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of French Polynesia.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Polynesia ya kifaransa]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]]) || 283,007
|-
| 183 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of French Guiana.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Guyana ya Kifaransa]]  ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]])|| 282,731
|-
| 184 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag_of_New_Caledonia.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Kaledonia Mpya]]  ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]])|| 276,255
|-
| 185 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|left|30px]] [[Vanuatu]] || 276,244
|-
| 186 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of France.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Mayotte]]  ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]]) || 253,045
|-
| 187 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg|left|30px]] [[São Tomé na Príncipe]] || 204,327
|-
| 188 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Samoa.svg|left|30px]] [[Samoa]] || 196,440
|-
| 189 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg|left|30px]] [[Saint Lucia]] || 178,844
|-
| 190 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Jersey.svg|left|30px]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Picha:Flag of Guernsey.svg|left|30px]] [[Visiwa vya mfereji wa Kiingereza]] ([[Eneo chini ya taji la Uingereza]]) || 165,314 || &lt;ref&gt;[[Guernsey]] na [[Jersey]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 191 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guam.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Guam]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Marekani]])|| 164,229
|-
| 192 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Curaçao.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Curaçao]] ([[Uholanzi]]) || 160,539
|-
| 193 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Kiribati.svg|left|30px]] [[Kiribati]] || 116,398
|-
| 194 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg|left|30px]] [[Saint Vincent na visiwa vya Grenadini]] || 109,897
|-
| 195 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tonga.svg|left|30px]] [[Tonga]] || 108,020
|-
| 196 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Grenada.svg|left|30px]] [[Grenada]] || 107,825
|-
| 197 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg|left|30px]] [[Shirikisho la Mikronesia]] || 105,544
|-
| 198 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Aruba.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Aruba]] ([[Uholanzi]]) || 105,264
|-
| 199 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the United States Virgin Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Visiwa vya Virgin vya Marekani]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Marekani]])|| 104,901
|-
| 200 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg|left|30px]] [[Antigua na Barbuda]] || 102,012
|-
| 201 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Seychelles.svg|left|30px]] [[Shelisheli]] || 94,737
|-
| 202 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Isle of Mann.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Isle of Man]] ([[Eneo chini ya taji la Uingereza]])|| 84,287
|-
| 203 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Andorra.svg|left|30px]] [[Andorra]] || 76,965
|-
| 204 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Dominica.svg|left|30px]] [[Dominika]] || 73,925
|-
| 205 ||align=left|''[[Cayman]] ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]]) || 61,559
|-
| 206 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Bermuda.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Bermuda]] ([[Eneo la ng'ambo la Uingereza]])|| 61,349
|-
| 207 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Greenland.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Greenland]] ([[Denmark]])|| 56,480
|-
| 208 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of American Samoa.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Samoa ya Marekani]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Marekani]])|| 55,641
|-
| 209 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg|left|30px]] [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]] || 55,345
|-
| 210 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Marekani]]) || 55,144
|-
| 211 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg|left|30px]] [[Visiwa vya Marshall]] || 53,127
|-
| 212 || align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Faroe]] ([[Denmark]])|| 49,290
|-
| 213 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sint Maarten.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Sint Maarten]] ([[Uholanzi]]) || 40,120
|-
| 214 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Monaco.svg|left|30px]] [[Monako]] || 38,695
|-
| 215 || align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg|left|30px]] [[Liechtenstein]] || 37,922
|-
| 216 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Turks and Caicos Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Visiwa vya Turks na Caicos]]  ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]])|| 35,446
|-
| 217 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Gibraltar.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Gibraltar]] ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]]) || 34,571
|-
| 218 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of San Marino.svg|left|30px]] [[San Marino]] || 33,400
|-
| 219 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the British Virgin Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Visiwa vya Virgin vya Uingereza]] ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]]) || 31,196
|-
| 220 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Netherlands Antilles.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Antili za Kiholanzi]] ([[Uholanzi]]) || 25,398
|-
| 221 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Palau.svg|left|30px]] [[Palau]] || 21,729
|-
| 222 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Cook Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Visiwa vya Cook]] ([[Realm of New Zealand|NZ]]) || 17,380
|-
| 223 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Anguilla.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Anguilla]]  ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]])|| 14,909
|-
| 224 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Wallis and Futuna.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Wallis na Futuna]] ([[Ufaransa]]) || 11,773
|-
| 225 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Nauru.svg|left|30px]] [[Nauru]] || 11,359
|-
| 226 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|left|30px]] [[Tuvalu]] || 11,192
|-
| 227 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Saint-Pierre na Miquelon]] ([[Ufaransa]]) || 6,320
|-
| 228 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Montserrat.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Montserrat]] ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]]) || 5,177
|-
| 229 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saint Helena.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Saint Helena]]  ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]])|| 4,049 ||&lt;ref name=&quot;sh&quot;&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[Ascension Island|Ascension]] na [[Tristan da Cunha]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 230 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Falkland Islands.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Visiwa vya Falkland]]  ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]])|| 2,910
|-
| 231 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Niue.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Niue]] ([[Realm of New Zealand|NZ]])|| 1,618
|-
| 232 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tokelau (local).svg|left|30px]] ''[[Tokelau]] ([[Realm of New Zealand|NZ]])|| 1,300
|-
| 233 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Vatican City.svg|left|30px]] [[Vatikano]] || 792
|}

== Ramani ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Image:World population.PNG|Ramani: Nchi kufuatana na idadi ya wakazi
Image:World population density map.PNG|Ramani: Nchi kufuatana na msongamano wa watu
Image:Population_density.png|Ramani: Msongamano wa watu duniani (1994)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Marejeo ==
{{Marejeo}}

== Tazama pia ==
* [[Madola|Orodha ya nchi zote]]

== Viungo vya Nje ==
* [http://esa.un.org/wpp/ ''World Population Prospects'', the 2017 Revision]
* [http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataSources/ Data sources for the ''World Population Prospects'']
* [http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2015_Methodology.pdf Methodology of the United Nations Population Estimates and Projections]

[[Jamii:Nchi]]
[[Jamii:Jiografia]]
[[Jamii:Demografia]]
[[Jamii:Orodha za kijiografia|Nchi]]</text>
      <sha1>kqdreltb1hru51jtbh5tlligasrc9uv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>KwaZulu-Natal</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8300</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241783</id>
      <parentid>1121069</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:57:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3013" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha: KwaZulu-Natal_Parliament_building,_Pietermaritzburg,_South_Africa.jpg|thumbnail|right|280px|Mkoa wa Zulu-Natal]]
{| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=250 style=&quot;margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;&quot;
|+&lt;big&gt;'''KwaZulu-Natal'''&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|
|-
|'''Eneo'''
|[[1 E10 m²|92,100 km&amp;sup2;]]
|-
|'''Wakazi([[2001]])'''
|9,426,019
|-
|'''Lugha'''
| [[Kizulu]] (80.6%)&lt;br /&gt;[[Kiingereza]] (13.6%)&lt;br /&gt;[[Kixhosa]] (2.3%)&lt;br /&gt;[[Kiafrikaans]] (1.5%)
|-
|'''Wakazi kimbari'''
| Waafrika Weusi(85.3%)&lt;br /&gt;Wenye asili ya Asia (8.5%)&lt;br /&gt;Wazungu(4.7%)&lt;br /&gt;Chotara(1.5%)
|-
|'''[[Mji Mkuu]]'''
|[[Pietermaritzburg]]
|-
|’‘‘Mji Mkubwa’’’ 
|[[Durban]]
|-
|'''[[Waziri Mkuu]] '''
| [[S'bu Ndebele]]&lt;br /&gt;([[African National Congress|ANC]])
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|[[Picha:South_Africa_Provinces_showing_KZ.png|200px|Mahali pa KwaZulu-Natal]]
|}
[[Picha:JCW-Map-Natal-Tugela.png|thumb|left|280px|Ramani ya KwaZulu-Natal]] 
'''KwaZulu-Natal''' ni moja kati ya majimbo tisa ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. Imepakana na [[Eswatini]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Lesotho]], [[Bahari Hindi]] na majimbo ya Afrika Kusini ya [[Mpumalanga]], [[Rasi ya Mashariki]] na [[Dola Huru]]. Jimbo liliundwa 1994 kwa kuunganisha jimbo la [[Natal]] na [[bantustan]] ya [[KwaZulu]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Pietermaritzburg]].

== Demografia na utamaduni ==
KwaZulu-Natal ni jimbo la Afrika Kusini lenye wakazi wengi waliohesabiwa mwaka 2001 walikuwa milioni tisa na nusu. Ni hasa eneo la Wazulu lakini ni pia jimbo lenye wakazi wengi wenye asili ya [[Asia]] hasa [[Uhindi]]. 

Lugha inayozunguzwa zaidi ni Kizulu halafu Kiingereza.

== Jiografia ==
Eneo la jimbo ni 92 100 km2. KwaZulu-Natal iko upande wa mashariki wa Afrika Kusini ina pwani ndefu la Bahari Hindi. Uso wa nchi unapendeza hivyo jina la &quot;Jimbo la Bustani&quot;.

Kuna kanda tatu:
* tambarare ya pwani
* nyanda za vilima
* milima ya juu ambayo ni milima ya [[Drakensberg]] upande wa magharibi na [[milima ya Lebombo]] upande wa kaskazini. Katika sehemu kubwa ya jimbo hali ya hewa ni ya joto lakini kwenye nyanda za juu na mlimani kuna vipindi vya baridi.

Hali joto ni kati ya 17 [[°C]] hadi 28 [[°C]] kati ya Oktoba na Aprili halafu kati ya 11° hadi 25&amp;nbsp;°C wakati wa baridi. Mvua hunyesha takriban 690 mm kwa mwaka. 

Mto mkubwa unaovuka jimbo ni [[mto Tugela]].

== Uchumi ==
[[Durban]] ni bandari kuu ya Afrika Kusini na kitovu cha viwanda vingi. Bandari ya [[Richards Bay]] inatumiwa hasa kwa kubeba nje [[makaa mawe]] kuna pia kiwanda kikubwa cha [[aluminiamu]]. Migodi ya makaa mawe yako hasa [[Vryheid]], [[Dundee]], [[Glencoe]] na Newcastle.

Sehemu muhimu wa uchumi ni utalii ya pwani. 

Kilimo cha pwani ni hasa ya miwa lakini pia ya matunda. Kilimo cha bara kuna pia mboga na ufugaji.


== Viungo vya Nje ==


{{mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
{{Majimbo ya Afrika Kusini}}

[[Jamii:Majimbo ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:KwaZulu-Natal| ]]</text>
      <sha1>8o6cq99xnloue7wz19txsm6u3b9encv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mpumalanga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>8306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241782</id>
      <parentid>933133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:54:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Jiografia */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2609" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;float:right; width: 250px; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;&quot; id=&quot;toc&quot;
|+ style=&quot;margin-left:inherit; font-size:larger;&quot;|&lt;big&gt;'''Mpumalanga'''&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|
|-
|'''[[Mji Mkuu]]'''
|[[Nelspruit]]
|-
|’‘‘Mji Mkubwa’’’ 
|[[Nelspruit]]
|-
|valign=top|'''[[Waziri Mkuu]]'''
| [[Thabang Makwetla]] ([[African National Congress|ANC]])
|-
|'''Eneo'''&lt;br /&gt;
|Nafasi ya 8 kati ya majimbo ya [[Afrika Kusini]]
|-
| - Jumla
|[[1 E10 m²|79 490 km&amp;sup2;]]
|-
|'''Wakazi'''
|Nafasi ya 5 kati ya majimbo ya Afrika Kusini
|-
| - Jumla ([[2001]])
|3 122 994
|-
| - Msongamano wa watu / km²
|39/km&amp;sup2;
|-
|valign=top|'''Lugha'''
| [[SiSwati]] (30.8%)&lt;br /&gt;[[IsiZulu]] (26.4%)&lt;br /&gt;[[IsiNdebele]] (12.1%)&lt;br /&gt;[[Sepedi]] (10.8%)
|-
|valign=top|'''Wakazi kimbari'''
| Waafrika Weusi(92.4%)&lt;br /&gt;Wazungu (6.5%)&lt;br /&gt;Chotara(0.2%)&lt;br /&gt;Wenye asili ya Asia (0.2%)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;|[[Picha:South_Africa_Provinces showing_MP.png|250px|Mahali pa Mpumalanga]]
|}


'''Mpumalanga''' ''(kabla ya 2002 iliitwa Eastern Transvaal)'' ni moja kati ya majimbo 9 za [[Afrika Kusini]]. Kuna wakazi 3,364,000 (2001) kwenye eno la 79,512 km². Jimbo lilianzishwa mwaka 1994 kutokana na sehemu za jimbo la awali la [[Transvaal]] na maeneo ya [[bantustan]] [[KaNgwane]], [[KwaNdebele]] na [[Lebowa]]. Mji mkuu ni [[Nelspruit]]. 

Neno Mpumalanga limetokana katika lugha ya Kiswazi likimaanisha &quot;mahali pa macheo&quot;. 

== Jiografia ==
Mpumalanga imepakana na [[Eswatini]] na [[Msumbiji]] halafu na majimbo ya [[KwaZulu-Natal]], [[Dola Huru]], [[Gauteng]] na [[Limpopo]]. [[Hifadhi ya Kruger]] ambayo ni [[hifadhi ya wanyama]] mashuhuri imo jimboni. 

Kuna kanda mbili za tambarare za juu penye [[usimbishaji]] kidogo na tambarare za duni penye mvua nyingi.

== Uchumi ==
=== Kilimo ===
Sehemu kubwa ya eneo hutumiwa kwa kilimo. Mazao ni pamoja na mahindi, ngano, ntama, alizeti, soya, karanga, miwa, mboga, kahawa, chai, pamba, tumbako, machungwa na matgunda mengine. 

Misitu huvunwa hasa katika kaskazini penye kiwanda kikubwa cha karatasi cha Ngodwana. 

Takriban 14% za eneo hutumiwa kwa mifugo hasa ng'ombe na kondoo. 

=== Migodi ===
Kati ya madini yanayochimbwa ni: dhahabu, platini, shabha, makaa mawe na mengi mengine.

Mpumalanga huzalisha 83% za makaa mawe ya Afrika Kusini. 

=== Utalii ===
Hifadhi ya Kruger ina eneo la 20,000 km² hutembelewa sana na watalii.

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.mpumalanga.gov.za/default.htm Tovuti rasmi {{en}}]


{{mbegu-jio-AfrikaKusini}}
{{Majimbo ya Afrika Kusini}}

[[Jamii:Mpumalanga| ]]
[[Jamii:Majimbo ya Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>6fps62h26ok5pfnihze3ywtj6ootnbp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Alama za kimataifa za magari</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14096</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241754</id>
      <parentid>1122793</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:53:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* S */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16620" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Zebra Crossing Kigali.jpg|thumb|Alama za barabarani mjini Kigali ]]
'''Alama za kimataifa za magari''' ni herufi zinazoonyesha ni nchi gani gari fulani inapotoka. 

Utaratibu huu ulianzishwa kwa mapatano ya kimataifa kuhusu usafiri kwa magari wa 1926. Ukasahihishwa mara ya mwisho katika mapatano ya kimataifa ya Vienna kuhusu usafiri wa barabarani wa 1968.

Orodha lifuatalo hufuata ufuatano wa alama hizi ambao si sawa na ufuatano wa majina ya nchi. Kwa mfano alama za nchi za Kenya, Tanzania na Uganda hazipatikana chini ya herufi K, T au U kwa sababu zote zaanza kwa &quot;EA&quot; kwa &quot;East Africa&quot;. Kwa hiyo njia rahisi ya kupata nchi maalumu ni kutumia nafasi ya kutafuta ya [[kisakuzi wavuti]] (browser) kupitia &quot;edit - find in this page&quot;.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|colspan=5|
==A==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|A
|[[Austria]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|AFG
|[[Afghanistan]]
|[[1971]]
|
|
|-
|AG
|[[Antigua na Barbuda]]
|
|
|
|-
|AL
|[[Albania]]
|[[1934]]
|
|
|-
|AND
|[[Andorra]]
|[[1957]]
|
|
|-
|ANG
|[[Angola]]
|[[1975]]
|PAN: 1932-1957, P: 1957-1975
|
|-
|ARK*
|[[Antaktika]]
|
|
|
|-
|ARM
|[[Armenia]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|ARU*
|[[Aruba]]
|
|NA
|
|-
|AUS
|[[Australia]]
|[[1954]]
|
|
|-
|AX
|[[Visiwa vya Aland]]
|[[2002]]
|SF
|
|-
|AXA
|[[Anguilla]]
|
|
|
|-
|AZ
|[[Azerbaijan]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==B==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|B
|[[Ubelgiji]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|RB
|[[Benin]]
|[[1991]]
|RPB
|hadi 1991: République Populaire du Bénin
|-
|BD
|[[Bangladesh]]
|[[1978]]
|PAK
|
|-
|BDS
|[[Barbados]]
|[[1956]]
|
|
|-
|BF
|[[Burkina Faso]]
|[[1984]]
|RHV / HV
|hadi Agosti 2003, 1984: (République(de))Haute Volta (Upper Volta)
|-
|BG
|[[Bulgaria]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|BHT
|[[Bhutan]]
|
|
|
|-
|BIH
|[[Bosnia-Herzegovina]]
|[[1992]]
|YU
|Bosna i Hercegovina (Bosn.)
|-
|BOL
|[[Bolivia]]
|[[1967]]
|
|
|-
|BR
|[[Brazil]]
|[[1930]]
|
|
|-
|BRN
|[[Bahrain]]
|[[1954]]
|
|
|-
|BRU
|[[Brunei]]
|[[1956]]
|
|
|-
|BS
|[[Bahamas]]
|[[1950]]
|
|
|-
|BU
|[[Burundi]]
|1962
|RU
|hadi 1962: sehemu ya koloni ya Ubelgiji ya Ruanda-Urundi
|-
|BY
|[[Belarus]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|Беларусь (zamani Byelorussia)
|-
|BW
|[[Botswana]]
|[[1967]]
|
|Republic of Botswana
|-
|BZ
|[[Belize]]
|[[1938]]-[[1980s]]
|BH
|hadi 1973 British Honduras
|-
|colspan=5|

==C==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|C
|[[Kuba]] (Cuba)
|[[1930]]
|
|
|-
|CAM
|[[Kamerun]] (Cameroon)
|[[1952]]
|F &amp; WAN
|
|-
|CGO
|[[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (Congo)
|[[1997]]
|CB,RCL,CGO,ZR,ZRE
|Belgian Congo, Rép.de Congo (Léopoldville, Congo(Kinshasa),Zaire
|-
|CDN
|[[Kanada]]  (Canada)
|[[1956]]
|CA
|
|-
|CH
|[[Uswisi]]
|[[1911]]
|
|Confœderatio Helvetica (Kilatini)
|-
|CI
|[[Côte d'Ivoire]] (Ivory Coast)
|[[1961]]
|F
|
|-
|CL
|[[Sri Lanka]]
|[[1961]]
|
|zamani Ceylon
|-
|CO
|[[Colombia]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|COM
|[[Komori]]
|
|F
|
|-
|CR
|[[Costa Rica]]
|[[1956]]
|
|
|-
|CV
|[[Cape Verde]]
|[[1975]]
|P
|
|-
|CY
|[[Kupro]]
|[[1932]]
|
|
|-
|CZ
|[[Uceki]]
|[[1993]]
|CS
|Czechia 
|-
|colspan=5|

==D==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|D
|[[Ujerumani]]
|[[1910]]
|
|''Deutschland'' ([[Kijerumani]])
|-
|DJI
|[[Djibouti]]
|
|F
|
|-
|DK
|[[Denmark]]
|[[1914]]
|
|
|-
|DOM
|[[Jamhuri ya Dominika]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|DY
|[[Benin]]
|[[1910]]
|Sehemu ya AOF (Afrique Occidentale Francais)-[[1960]]
|zamani Dahomey-[[1976]]
|-
|DZ
|[[Algeria]]
|[[1962]]
|F-[[1911]]
|Al Djazaïr (Arab.)
|-
|colspan=5|

==E==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|E
|[[Hispania]]
|[[1910]]
|
|España (Span.)
|-
|EAK
|[[Kenya]]
|[[1938]]
|
|East Africa Kenya
|-
|EAT
|[[Tanzania]]
|[[1938]]
|
|East Africa Tanzania
|-
|EAU
|[[Uganda]]
|[[1938]]
|
|East Africa Uganda
|-
|EC
|[[Ecuador]]
|[[1962]]
|
|
|-
|ER
|[[Eritrea]]
|[[1993]]
|AOI -1941
|Africa Orientale Italiana (It.)
|-
|ES
|[[El Salvador]]
|[[1978]]
|
|
|-
|EST
|[[Estonia]]
|[[1993]]
|EW 1919-40 &amp; 1991-93, SU 1940-91
|1940-91 sehemu ya [[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]
|-
|ET
|[[Egypt]]
|[[1927]]
|
|
|-
|ETH
|[[Ethiopia]]
|[[1964]]
|AOI -1941
|Africa Orientale Italiana (It.)
|-
|colspan=5|

==F==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|F
|[[Ufaransa]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|FIN
|[[Ufini]]
|[[1993]]
|SF
|SF yatokana na &quot;Suomi – Finland&quot; ([[Kifini]]-[[Kiswidi]])
|-
|FJI
|[[Fiji]]
|[[1971]]
|
|
|-
|FL
|[[Liechtenstein]]
|[[1923]]
|
|Fürstentum Liechtenstein (Kijerumani)
|-
|FO
|[[Visiwa vya Faroe]]
|[[1996]]
|FR
|wakati mwingine pia FØ or Fø
|-
|FSM
|[[Shirikisho la Mikronesia]]
|
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==G==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|G
|[[Gabon]]
|[[1974]]
|ALEF - 1960
|Afrique Equatorial Francais
|-
|GB
|[[Ufalme wa Muungano wa Britania na Eire ya Kaskazini]]  ([[Uingereza]])
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|GBA
|[[Alderney]]
|[[1924]]
|
|Great Britain - Alderney
|-
|GBG
|[[Guernsey]]
|[[1924]]
|
|Great Britain - Guernsey
|-
|GBJ
|[[Jersey]]
|[[1924]]
|
|Great Britain - Jersey
|-
|GBM
|[[Isle of Man]]
|[[1932]]
|
|Great Britain  - Man
|-
|GBZ
|[[Gibraltar]]
|[[1924]]
|
|Great Britain  - Gibraltar [Z imetumiwa kwa sababu G inataja Guernsey]
|-
|GCA
|[[Guatemala]]
|[[1956]]
|
|Guatemala Central America
|-
|GE
|[[Georgia (nchi)|Georgia]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|[[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]
|-
|GH
|[[Ghana]]
|[[1959]]
|WAC-1957
|West Africa Gold Coast - 1957
|-
|GW, RGB
|[[Guinea-Bissau]]
|[[1974]]
|P
|Portuguese Guinea - 1974. República da Guiné-Bissau
|-
|GQ*
|[[Guinea ya Ikweta]]
|
|E
|Guinea ya Kihispania - 1968
|-
|GR
|[[Ugiriki]]
|[[1913]]
|
|
|-
|GUY
|[[Guyana]]
|[[1972]]
|BRG
|zamani British Guiana - 1966
|-
|colspan=5|

==H==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|H
|[[Hungary]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|HK
|[[Hong Kong]]
|[[1932]]
|
|
|-
|HN
|[[Honduras]]
|
|
|
|-
|HR
|[[Kroatia]]
|[[1992]]
|SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-92
|Hrvatska (Croat.)
|-
|colspan=5|

==I==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|I
|[[Italia]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|IL
|[[Israel]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|IND
|[[India]]
|[[1947]]
|
|
|-
|IR
|[[Iran]] (Uajemi)
|[[1936]]
|
|
|-
|IRL
|[[Eire]]
|[[1962]]
|EIR-[[1938]], SE-[[1924]], GB-[[1910]]
|
|-
|IRQ
|[[Iraq]]
|[[1930]]
|
|
|-
|IS
|[[Iceland]]
|[[1936]]
|
|Ísland (Iceland.)
|-
|colspan=5|

==J==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|J
|[[Japan]]
|[[1964]]
|
|
|-
|JA
|[[Jamaika]]
|[[1932]]
|
|
|-
|HKJ
|[[Jordan]]
|
JOR
|Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==K==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|K
|[[Kambodia]]
|[[1956]]
|F - 1949
|Kampuchea 1976-89
|-
|KAN*
|[[Saint Kitts na Nevis]]
|
|
|
|-
|KN
|[[Greenland]]
|
|GRO
|Kalaallit Nunaat
|-
|KS
|[[Kyrgyzstan]]
|[[1992]]
|SU-1991
|zamani Kirgizia S.S.R. - 1991
|-
|KIR
|[[Kiribati]]
|
|
|zamani the Gilbert, Line &amp; Phoenix Islands - 1975. Part of the Gilbert &amp; Ellice Islands Colony.
|-
|KP
|[[Korea ya Kaskazini]]
|
|
|Korea, Democratic People’s Republic
|-
|KSA
|[[Saudia]]
|
|
|Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia
|-
|KWT
|[[Kuwait]]
|[[1954]]
|
|
|-
|KZ
|[[Kazakhstan]]
|[[1992]]
|SU - 1991
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==L==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|L
|[[Luxemburg]]
|[[1911]]
|
|
|-
|LAO
|[[Laos]]
|[[1959]]
|F - 1949
|zamani sehemu ya French Indo-China - 1949
|-
|LAR*
|[[Libya]]
|[[1972]]
|I  - 1949, LT
|Libyan Arab Republic
|-
|LB*
|[[Liberia]]
|[[1967]]
|
|
|-
|LS
|[[Lesotho]]
|[[1967]]
|BL
|Basutoland - 1966
|-
|LT
|[[Lithuania]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|LV
|[[Latvia]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==M==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|M
|[[Malta]]
|[[1966]]
|GBY 1924-66
|
|-
|MA
|[[Morocco]]
|[[1924]]
|
|Maroc, El Maghreb
|-
|MAL
|[[Malaysia]]
|[[1967]]
|FM - 1957, PTM 1957-67
|zamani Federated Malay States, then Perseketuan Tanah Malayu
|-
|MAN
|[[Isle of Man]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|MC
|[[Monaco]]
|[[1910]]
|
|
|-
|MD
|[[Moldova]]
|[[1992]]
|SU - 1991
|
|-
|MNE
|[[Montenegro]]
|[[2006]]
|MN - 1913-1919, SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-2003, SCG 2003-2006
|
|-
|MEX
|[[Mexico]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|MGL
|[[Mongolia]]
|
|
|
|-
|MH
|[[Visiwa vya Marshall]]
|
|
|
|-
|MK
|[[Masedonia]]
|[[1992]]
|YU - 1992
|
|-
|MOC
|[[Mozambique]]
|[[1975]]
|MOC: 1932-56, P: 1957-75
|Moçambique
|-
|MS
|[[Mauritius]]
|[[1938]]
|
|
|-
|MV*
|[[Maldives]]
|
|
|
|-
|MW
|[[Malawi]]
|[[1965]]
|EA 1932-38, NP - 1938-70, RNY option 1960-65
|zamani Nyasaland Protectorate
|-
|MYA
|[[Myanmar]]
|[[1989]]
|BUR-89
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==N==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|N
|[[Norway]]
|[[1922]]
|
|
|-
|NA
|[[Antili za Kiholanzi]]
|[[1957]]
|
|Nederlandse Antillen
|-
|NAM
|[[Namibia]]
|[[1990]]
|SWA
|South-West Africa
|-
|NAU
|[[Nauru]]
|[[1968]]
|
|
|-
|NC
|[[New Caledonia]]
|
|
|
|-
|NEP*
|[[Nepal]]
|[[1970]]
|
|
|-
|NIC
|[[Nicaragua]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|NL
|[[Uholanzi]]
|[[1910]]
|
|Nederland
|-
|NZ
|[[New Zealand]]
|[[1958]]
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==O==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|OM
|[[Oman]]
|
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|
==P==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|P
|[[Ureno]]
|[[1910]]
|
|Portugal
|-
|PA
|[[Panama]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|PAK
|[[Pakistan]]
|[[1947]]
|
|
|-
|PAL
|[[Palau]]
|
|
|zamani sehemu ya U.S. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands - 1980
|-
|PE
|[[Peru]]
|[[1937]]
|
|
|-
|PL
|[[Poland]]
|[[1921]]
|
|
|-
|PMR*
|[[Transnistria]]
|[[1990]]
|SU-1991, MD 1991
|PMR ni kifupi cha  Приднестровская Молдавская Република (Pridnestrovskaya Moldavskaya Republika) ambayo ni jina kamili ya  Transnistria
|-
|PNG*
|[[Papua-Guinea Mpya]]
|[[1978]]
|
| Papua-New Guinea
|-
|PS
|[[Mamlaka ya Kitaifa ya Palestina]]
|
|
|
|-
|PY
|[[Paraguay]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|PR
|[[Puerto Rico]]
|
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==Q==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|Q
|[[Qatar]]
|[[1972]]
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|
==R==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|RA
|[[Argentina]]
|[[1927]]
|
|República Argentina (Span.)
|-
|RC
|[[Jamhuri ya China]] (Taiwan)
|[[1932]]
|
|Republic of China (Taiwan)
|-
|RCA
|[[Central African Republic]]
|[[1962]]
|
|République Centrafricaine (French)
|-
|RCB
|[[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
|[[1962]]
|
|République du Congo Brazzaville (Fr.)
|-
|RCH
|[[Chile]]
|[[1930]]
|
|República de Chile (Span.)
|-
|RG
|[[Guinea]]
|[[1972]]
|
|République de Guinée (Fr.)
|-
|RH
|[[Haiti]]
|[[1952]]
|
|République d'Haïti (Fr.)
|-
|RI
|[[Indonesia]]
|[[1955]]
|
|Republik Indonesia (Indones.)
|-
|RIM
|[[Mauritania]]
|[[1964]]
|
|République islamique de Mauritanie (Fr.)
|-
|RL
|[[Lebanon]]
|[[1952]]
|
| République Libanaise (Fr.)
|-
|RM
|[[Madagascar]]
|[[1962]]
|
|République de Madagascar(Fr.)Zamani Malagasy Republic 1970-79
|-
|RMM
|[[Mali]]
|[[1962]]
|AOF-60
|République du Mali (Fr.) Zamani French Sudan - 1960
|-
|RN
|[[Niger]]
|[[1977]]
|AOF - 1960
|République du Niger (Fr.)  Zamani sehemu ya Afrika ya Magharibi ya Kifaransa (Afrique Occidentale Française - 1960)
|-
|RO
|[[Romania]]
|[[1981]]
|R
|
|-
|ROK
|[[Korea ya Kusini]]
|[[1971]]
|
|Republic of Korea
|-
|ROU
|[[Uruguay]]
|[[1979]]
|
|República Oriental del Uruguay (Span.)
|-
|RP
|[[Philippines]]
|[[1975]]
|
|Republic of the Philippines
|-
|RSM
|[[San Marino]]
|[[1932]]
|
|Repubblica di San Marino (It.)
|-
|RT
|[[Togo]]
|[[1960]]
|TT, TG
|Republique Togolaise (Kifaransa) zamani  Togo ya Kifaransa - 1960
|-
|RUS
|[[Urusi]]
|[[1992]]
|SU-91
|
|-
|RWA
|[[Rwanda]]
|[[1964]]
|RU-62
|zamani sehemu ya Ruanda-Urundi - 1962
|-
|colspan=5|

==S==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|S
|[[Uswidi]]
|[[1911]]
|
|
|-
|SA
|[[Saudi Arabia]]
|[[1973]]
|
|
|-
|SRB
|[[Serbia]]
|[[2006]]
|SB - 1919, SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-2003, SCG 2003-2006
|-
|SD
|[[Eswatini]]
|[[1935]]
|
|
|-
|SGP
|[[Singapore]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|SK
|[[Slovakia]]
|[[1993]]
|CS
|
|-
|SLE*
|[[Sierra Leone]]
|[[2002]]
|
|rasmi WAL; SLE hutumiwa nchini tu 
|-
|SLO
|[[Slovenia]]
|[[1992]]
|SHS 1919-29, Y 1929-53, YU 1953-92
|
|-
|SME
|[[Suriname]]
|[[1936]]
|
|
|-
|SMOM
|[[Shirika la kijeshi la kujitawala la Malta]]
|
|
| Sovereign Military Order of Malta
|-
|SN
|[[Senegal]]
|[[1962]]
|
|
|-
|SO
|[[Somalia]]
|[[1974]]
|
|
|-
|SOL
|[[Visiwa vya Solomon]]
|
|
|
|-
|STP
|[[São Tomé na Príncipe]]
|[[1975]]
|P
|
|-
|SUD*
|[[Sudan]]
|[[1963]]
|
|
|-
|SY
|[[Shelisheli]]
|[[1938]]
|
|Seychelles
|-
|SYR
|[[Syria]]
|[[1952]]
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==T==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|T
|[[Uthai]]
|[[1955]]
|
| Thailand
|-
|TCH*
|[[Chad]]
|[[1973]]
|
|Tchad (French.)
|-
|TG*
|[[Togo]]
|[[1973]]
|
|taz. RT
|-
|TJ
|[[Tajikistan]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|TL
|[[Timor ya Mashariki]] 
|
|P, RI
|Timor-Leste (Kireno)
|-
|TM
|[[Turkmenistan]]
|[[1992]]
|SU - 1991
|
|-
|TN
|[[Tunisia]]
|[[1957]]
|F - 1956
|
|-
|TO
|[[Tonga]]
|
|
|
|-
|TR
|[[Uturuki]]
|[[1935]]
|
|Türkiye
|-
|TS
|[[Mji Huru wa Trieste]]
|[[1947]]
|
|Until [[1954]]
|-
|TT
|[[Trinidad na Tobago]]
|[[1964]]
|
|
|-
|TUV
|[[Tuvalu]]
|
|
|zamani  Ellice Islands-75 (Gilbert &amp; Ellice)
|-
|colspan=5|

==U==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|UA
|[[Ukraine]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|UAE
|[[Falme za Kiarabu]]
|
|
|
|-
|USA
|[[Maungano ya Madola ya Amerika]]
|[[1952]]
|United States of America
||
|-
|UZ
|[[Uzbekistan]]
|[[1992]]
|SU
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==V==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|V
|[[Vatikani]]
|[[1931]]
|[[Vanuatu]]
|
|-
|VN
|[[Vietnam]]
|[[1953]]
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==W==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|WAG
|[[Gambia]]
|[[1932]]
|
|West Africa Gambia
|-
|WAL
|[[Sierra Leone]]
|[[1937]]
|
|West Africa Sierra Leone; nchini kawaida ni  SLE
|-
|WAN
|[[Nigeria]]
|[[1937]]
|
|West Africa Nigeria
|-
|WD
|[[Dominica]]
|[[1954]]
|
|Windward Islands Dominica
|-
|WG
|[[Grenada]]
|[[1932]]
|
| Windward Islands Grenada
|-
|WL
|[[Saint Lucia]]
|[[1932]]
|
| Windward Islands Saint Lucia
|-
|WS
|[[Samoa]]
|[[1962]]
|
|zamani Western Samoa
|-
|WSA*
|[[Sahara ya Magharibi]]
|[[1932]]
|SE - 1976
|zamani Sahara ya Kihispania (Sahara Español); sehemu kubwa imekaliwa na Moroko (MA), [[Free Zone (region)|some territory]] administered by the [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]]
|-
|WV
|[[Saint Vincent na Grenadini]]
|[[1932]]
|
| Windward Islands Saint Vincent
|-
&lt;!--
|colspan=5|
==X==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
--&gt;
|colspan=5|

==Y==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|YEM
|[[Yemen]]
|
|
|zamani YAR (Yemen Arab Republic) 
|-
|YV
|[[Venezuela]]
|
|
|
|-
|colspan=5|

==Z==
|-
!Alama
!Nchi
!tangu
!zamani walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|Z
|[[Zambia]]
|[[1966]]
|
|
|-
|ZA
|[[Afrika Kusini]]
|[[1936]]
|
|Zuid Afrika (Kiafrikaans)
|-
|ZW
|[[Zimbabwe]]
|[[1977]]
|
|
|-
|}

; '''Tahadhari'''
: *  si rasmi

==Alam za zamani==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Alama
!Nchi
!hadi
!baadaye walitumia
!Maelezo
|-
|ADN
|[[Aden]]
|1967
|Y
|
|-
|BP
|[[Bechuanaland]], sasa [[Botswana]]
|1966
|RB
|
|-
|BUR
|[[Burma]]
|1989
|MYA
|
|-
|CS
|[[Chekoslovakia]]
|1992
|CZ / SK
|
|-
|DA
|[[Mji Huru wa Danzig]]
|1939
|1939-1945:D, since 1945: PL
|
|-
|DDR
|[[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kijerumani]]
|1989
|D
|Deutsche Demokratische Republik
|-
|EW
|[[Estonia]]
|1993
|EST
|Eesti Vabariik (Estn.)
|-
|FR
|[[Visiwa vya Faroe]]
|1996
|FO
|
|-
|GRO
|[[Greenland]]
|
|KN
|
|-
|HV
|[[Volta ya Juu]], sasa [[Burkina Faso]]
|1984
|BF
|-
|LR
|[[Latvia]]
|1927-1940
|SU, LV
|Latvijas Republika (Latv.)
|-
|-
|R
|[[Romania]]
|1981
|RO
|
|-
|RSR
|[[Rhodesia ya Kusini]]
|1960-1979
|ZW
|Sasa Zimbabwe
|-
|RNR
|[[Rhodesia ya Kaskazini]]
|
|Z
|Sasa Zambia
|-
|RNY
|[[Shirikisho la Rhodesia na Unyasa]]
|
|MW
|Sasa Malawi
|-
|SA
|[[Saarland]]
|1956
|D
|also D between 1935 and 1945
|-
|SB
|[[Serbia]]
|1919
|SHS
|Serbia ikawa  sehemu ya Ufalme wa Waserbia, Wakroatia na Waslovenia 
|-
|SCG
|[[Serbia na Montenegro]]
|2006
|MNE, SRB
|Sasa Montenegro, Serbia
|-
|SF
|[[Finland]]
|1993
|FIN
|SF from &quot;Suomi – Finland&quot; (the names of the country in both of its official languages, Finnish and Swedish)
|-
|SHS
|[[Ufalme wa Waserbia, Wakroatia na Waslovenia]]
|1929
|Y
|Kingdom changed its name to Yugoslavia
|-
|SU
|[[Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]
|1991
|EST, LT, LV, BY, MD, UA, TJ, TUR, GE, KZ, UZ, KS, AZ, ARM, RUS
|
|-
|SWA
|[[South West Africa]]
|1990
|NAM
|[[Namibia]]
|-
|Y
|[[Yugoslavia]]
|1953
|YU 
|Yemen ilianza kutumia &quot;Y&quot; baadaye 
|-
|YU
|[[Yugoslavia]]
|2003
|BIH, HR, MK, MNE, SRB, SLO
|Sasa ni nchi za pekee za [[Bosnia-Herzegovina]], [[Kroatia]], [[Masedonia]], [[Montenegro]], [[Serbia]] na [[Slovenia]]
|-
|ZRE
|[[Zaire]]
|1997
|CB
|sasa [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
|}

==Marejeo==
* [http://www.unece.org/trans/conventn/sc1_legalinst.html UN Economic Commission for Europe, Working Party on Road Transport (WP.11)]

[[Jamii:Magari]]
[[Jamii:Usafiri]]</text>
      <sha1>n77whbfdgm4c87wtb1zcoz6l25u46ag</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Orodha ya Mashirika ya Ndege Duniani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15364</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241755</id>
      <parentid>1197178</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:59:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Afrika Kusini */ update Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="50860" xml:space="preserve">Hii ni orodha ya masharika ya [[ndege]]. Yamepangwa kwa utaratibu wa nchi:
__NOTOC__
{|class=toc
|-
!Contents
|-
|[[#List of passenger airlines|1 List of passenger airlines]]
:[[#Africa|1.1 Africa]]&lt;br&gt;[[#Asia|1.2 Asia]]&lt;br&gt;[[#Australasia and the Pacific|1.3 Australasia and the Pacific]]&lt;br&gt;[[#The Caribbean and Central America|1.4 The Caribbean and Central America]]&lt;br&gt;[[#Europe|1.5 Europe]]&lt;br&gt;[[#Middle East|1.6 Middle East]]&lt;br&gt;[[#North America|1.7 North America]]&lt;br&gt;[[#South America|1.8 South America]]
[[#See also|2 See also]]&lt;br&gt;[[#Other websites|3 Other websites]]
|}

==Orodha ya mashrika ya ndege==
===[[Afrika]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#Africa A|A]] [[#Africa B|B]] [[#Africa C|C]] [[#Africa D|D]] [[#Africa E|E]] [[#Africa F|F]] [[#Africa G|G]] [[#Africa H|H]] [[#Africa I|I]] [[#Africa J|J]] [[#Africa K|K]] [[#Africa L|L]] [[#Africa M|M]] [[#Africa N|N]] [[#Africa O|O]] [[#Africa P|P]] [[#Africa Q|Q]] [[#Africa R|R]] [[#Africa S|S]] [[#Africa T|T]] [[#Africa U|U]] [[#Africa V|V]] [[#Africa W|W]] [[#Africa X|X]] [[#Africa Y|Y]] [[#Africa Z|Z]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Algeria]]====
* [[Air Algérie]]

====[[Angola]]====
* [[TAAG Air Angola]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Benin]]====
* [[Afrique Airlines]]
* [[Benin Golf Air]]
* [[Trans Air Benin]]
* [[Air Kenya Connect]]
* [[West African Airlines]]
* [[Benin Airlines SA]] (in formation)
====[[Botswana]]====
* [[Air Botswana]]
====[[Burkina Faso]]====
* [[Air Burkina]]
* [[Burkina Airlines]]
====[[Burundi]]====
* [[Air Burundi]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Cameroon]]====
* [[Cameroon Airlines]]
====[[Cape Verde]]====
* [[TACV]]
====[[Chad]]====
====[[Comoros]]====
* [[Air Comores International]]
* [[Comores Aviation]]
====[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]====
* [[Bravo Air Congo]]
* [[Business Aviation]]
* [[Compagnie Africaine d'Aviation]]
* [[Hewa Bora Airways]]
* [[Wimbi Dira Airways]]

====[[Republic of the Congo]]====
* [[Trans Air Congo]]
====[[Côte d'Ivoire]]====
* [[Air Ivoire]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_D&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Djibouti]]====
* [[Daallo Airlines]]
* [[Djibouti Airlines]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_E&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Misri]]====
* [[EgyptAir]]

====[[Equatorial Guinea]]====
* [[Ecuato Guineana]]
====[[Eritrea]]====
* [[Eritrean Airlines]]
====[[Ethiopia]]====
* [[Ethiopian Airlines]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Gabon]]====
* [[Air Gabon]]
* [[Air Service Gabon]]
* [[Avirex Gabon]]
====[[Gambia]]====
* [[Afrinat International Airlines]]
* [[Gambia International Airlines]]
* [[Slok Air Gambia]] (status unknown)

====[[Ghana]]====
* [[Afra Airlines]] (in formation, status unknown)
* [[CTK - CiTylinK]]
* [[Ghana International Airlines]]
====[[Guinea]]====
* [[Air Guinee]]
* [[Air Guinee Express]]
====[[Guinea-Bissau]]====
* [[Guine Bissau Airlines]] (status unknown)

&lt;cite id=Africa_H&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_I&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Ivory Coast]]====
''See the section titled &quot;Côte d'Ivoire&quot; [[#Côte d'Ivoire|above]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_J&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_K&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Kenya]]====
* [[African Express Airways]]
* [[African Safari Airways]]
* [[Airkenya]]
* [[Kenya Airways]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_L&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Liberia]]====
* [[LoneStar Airways]] (in formation)
====[[Libya]]====
* [[Afriqiyah Airways]]
* [[Air Libya Tibesti]]
* [[Buraq Air]]
* [[Libyan Arab Airlines]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Madagascar]]====
* [[Air Madagascar]]
====[[Malawi]]====
* [[Air Malawi]]
====[[Mali]]====
* [[Compagnie Aerienne du Mali]]
====[[Mauritania]]====
* [[Air Mauritanie]]
====[[Mauritius]]====
* [[Air Mauritius]]
====[[Morocco]]====
* [[Royal Air Maroc]]
* [[Atlas Blue]]
* [[Jet4you]]
* [[Regional Air Lines]]
* [[Air Atlas Express]]

====[[Msumbiji]]====
* [[Air Corridor]]
* [[LAM - Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_N&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Namibia]]====
* [[Air Namibia]]
====[[Niger]]====
====[[Nigeria]]====
* [[ADC Airlines]]
* [[Aero Contractors (Nigeria)]]
* [[Albarka Air]]
* [[Bellview Airlines (Nigeria)]]
* [[Capital Airlines (Nigeria)]]
* [[Chanchangi Airlines]]
* [[Dornier Aviation Nigeria]]
* [[EAS Airlines]]
* [[Freedom Air Services]]
* [[IRS Airlines]]
* [[Overland Airways]]
* [[Sosoliso Airlines]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_O&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_Q&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_R&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Réunion]]====
* [[Air Austral]]
* [[Air Bourbon]]
====[[Rwanda]]====
&lt;cite id=Africa_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
* [[Rwandair Express]]

====[[Sao Tome na Principe]]====
* [[Air São Tomé and Príncipe]]

====[[Senegal]]====
* [[Air Senegal International]]
====[[Seychelles]]====
* [[Air Seychelles]]
====[[Sierra Leone]]====
* [[Bellview Airlines (Sierra Leone)]]
====[[Somalia]]====
===[[Afrika Kusini]]===
* [[1Time Airline]]
* [[Comair (South Africa)]]
* [[Interair South Africa]]
* [[Kulula.com]]
* [[Mango (airline)]]
* [[Nationwide Airlines]]
* [[South African Airways]]
* [[South African Airlink]]
* [[South African Express]]
====[[Eswatini]]====
* [[Royal Eswatini National Airways]]
====[[Sudan]]====
* [[Mid Airlines (Sudan)]]
* [[Sudan Airways]]
&lt;cite id=Africa_T&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Tanzania]]====
* [[Air Tanzania]]
* [[Precision Air]]
* [[Regional Air Services (Tanzania)]]
====[[Togo]]====
====[[Tunisia]]====
* [[Karthago Airlines]]
* [[Nouvelair Tunisia]]
* [[Tunisair]]
* [[Tuninter]]
&lt;cite id=Africa_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Uganda]]====
* [[Eagle Aviation]]
* [[East African Airlines]]
* [[Africa Safari Air]]

&lt;cite id=Africa_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_W&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_X&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_Y&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Africa_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Zambia]]====
* [[Airwaves Airlink]]
* [[Nationwide Airlines (Zambia)]]
* [[Airlink Zambia]]
====[[Zimbabwe]]====
* [[Air Zimbabwe]]
* [[Zimbabwe Airlink]]

===[[Asia]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#Asia A|A]] [[#Asia B|B]] [[#Asia C|C]] [[#Asia D|D]] [[#Asia E|E]] [[#Asia F|F]] [[#Asia G|G]] [[#Asia H|H]] [[#Asia I|I]] [[#Asia J|J]] [[#Asia K|K]] [[#Asia L|L]] [[#Asia M|M]] [[#Asia N|N]] [[#Asia O|O]] [[#Asia P|P]] [[#Asia Q|Q]] [[#Asia R|R]] [[#Asia S|S]] [[#Asia T|T]] [[#Asia U|U]] [[#Asia V|V]] [[#Asia W|W]] [[#Asia X|X]] [[#Asia Y|Y]] [[#Asia Z|Z]]
''For countries in the Middle East, refer to the section [[#Middle East|below]].
&lt;cite id=Asia_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Afghanistan]]====
* [[Ariana Afghan Airlines]]
* [[Balkh Airlines]]
* [[Kam Air]]
* [[Khyber Afghan Airlines]]
* [[Marcopolo Airways]]
* [[Pamir Air]]

====[[Azerbaijan]]====
* [[Azerbaijan Airlines]]
* [[Imair Airlines]]
* [[Silk Way Airlines]]
* [[Turan Air]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Bangladesh]]====
* [[Air Bangladesh]]
* [[Biman Bangladesh]]
* [[Bismillah Airlines]]
* [[GMG Airlines]]
* [[Z-Airways and Services]]

====[[Bhutan]]====
* [[Druk Air]]

====[[Brunei]]====
* [[Royal Brunei]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Cambodia]]====
* [[Air Cambodia]]
* [[Angkor Airlines]]
* [[Cambodia Airlines]]
* [[President Airlines]]
* [[Royal Khmer Airlines]]
* [[Royal Phnom Penh Airways]]
* [[Siem Reap Airways]]

====[[People's Republic of China|China, People's Republic of]]====
* [[Air China]]
* [[Chang'an Airlines]]
* [[China Eastern Airlines]]
* [[China Flying Dragon Aviation]]
* [[China Postal Airlines]]
* [[China Southern Airlines]]
* [[China United Airlines]]
* [[China Xinhua Airlines]]
* [[Deer Jet]]
* [[East Star Airlines]]
* [[Guizhou Airlines]]
* [[Hainan Airlines]]
* [[Huaxia Airlines]]
* [[Okay Airways]]
* [[Shandong Airlines]]
* [[Shanghai Airlines]]
* [[Shanxi Airlines]]
* [[Shenzhen Airlines]]
* [[Sichuan Airlines]]
* [[Spring Airlines]]
* [[United Eagle Airlines]]
* [[Wuhan Airlines]]
* [[Xiamen Airlines]]

[[Image:Cathay.b747-400.b-hud.cleaning.arp.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Cathay Pacific Boeing 747-400]]
=====[[Hong Kong]]=====
* [[Cathay Pacific]]
* [[Dragonair (airline)|Dragonair]]
* [[Heliservices (Hong Kong) Limited|Heliservices]]
* [[Hong Kong Airlines]]
* [[Hong Kong Express]]
* [[Jet Aviation Business Jets (Hong Kong) Limited|Jet Aviation Business Jets]]
* [[Metrojet Limited|Metrojet]]
* [[Oasis Hong Kong Airlines]]
* [[WOW Asia]]

=====[[Macau]]=====
* [[Air Macau]]
* [[JetAsia]]

====[[Republic of China|China, Republic of]]====
* [[China Airlines]]
* [[Daily Air]]
* [[EVA Air]]
* [[Far Eastern Air Transport]]
* [[Mandarin Airlines]]
* [[TransAsia Airways]]
* [[Uni Air]]

&lt;cite id=Asia_D&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_E&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[East Timor]]====
* [[East Timor Air]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_H&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

&lt;cite id=Asia_I&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Uhindi]]====
* [[Air Deccan]]
* [[Air India]]
* [[Air-India Express]]
* [[Air Sahara]]
* [[Alliance Air]]
* [[Archana Airways]]
* [[Blue Dart Aviation]]
* [[Club One Air]]
[[Image:Air.india.b747-400.onground.arp.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Air India Boeing 747-400]]
* [[Deccan Aviation]]
* [[East-West Airlines (India)|East-West Airlines]]
* [[Go Air]]
* [[Indian Airlines]]
* [[IndiGo - Airline division of InterGlobe Enterprises]][http://www.goindigo.in]
* [[Indus Airways]]
* [[Jagson Airlines]]
* [[Jet Airways]]
* [[Kingfisher Airlines]]
* [[Paramount Airways]]
* [[SpiceJet]]
* [[Visa Airways]]

====[[Indonesia]]====
* [[Adam Air]]
* [[Air Efata]]
* [[Airfast Indonesia]]
* [[Airmark Indonesia]]
* [[Air Paradise]]
* [[Air Regional]]
* [[Asia Avia Airlines]]
* [[Bali Air]]
* [[Batavia Air]]
* [[Bouraq Indonesia Airlines]]
* [[Citilink]]
* [[Deraya Air Taxi]]
* [[Dirgantara Air Service]]
* [[Efata Papua Airlines]]
* [[Garuda Indonesia]]
* [[GT Air]]
* [[Indonesia AirAsia]]
* [[Indonesia Air Transport]]
* [[Indonesian Airlines]]
* [[Jatayu Airlines]]
* [[Kalimantan Air Service]]
* [[Kartika Airlines]]
* [[Lion Air]]
* [[Linus Airlines]]
* [[Lorena Airlines]]
* [[PT Lion Mentari Airlines]]
* [[Mandala Airlines]]
* [[Merpati Nusantara Airlines]]
* [[Pelita Air Service]]
* [[Republic Express Airlines]]
* [[Sabang Merauke Raya Air Charter]]
* [[Sempati Air Transport]]
* [[Sriwijaya Air]]
* [[Travira Air]]
* [[Wings Air]]

====[[Iran]]====
See [[List of airlines#Iran 2|below]].
&lt;cite id=Asia_J&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Japan]]====
[[Image:Japan Airlines B747-446 (JA8914) in JAL's 2002 livery.jpg|thumb|right|300px|A JAL Boeing 747-400]]
* [[Air Do - Hokkaido International Airlines]]
* [[Airtransse]]
* [[All Nippon Airways]]
** [[Air Central]]
** [[Air Hokkaido]]
** [[Air Japan]]
** [[Air Next]]
** [[Air Nippon]]
** [[Air Nippon Network]]
* [[Amakusa Airlines]]
* [[Ibex Airlines]]
* [[Japan Airlines]]
** [[Hokkaido Air System]]
** [[J-Air]]
** [[JAL Express]]
** [[JALWays]]
** [[Japan Air Commuter]]
** [[Japan Airlines Domestic]]
** [[Japan Asia Airways]]
** [[Japan Transocean Air]]
** [[Ryukyu Air Commuter]]
* [[Jet8]]
* [[Kyokushin Air]]
* [[New Central Airlines]]
* [[Oriental Air Bridge]]
* [[Skymark Airlines]]
* [[Skynet Asia Airways]]
* [[Starflyer]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_K&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Kazakhstan]]====
* [[Air Astana]]
* [[Air Kokshetau]]
* [[Almaty Aviation]]
* [[Atyrau Air Ways]]
* [[Berkut Air]]
* [[Euro-Asia Air]]
* [[GST Aero]]
* [[Irtysh Avia]]
* [[Kazair West]]
* [[Orient Eagle Airways]]
* [[Sayakhat Airlines]]
* [[Scat Air]]
* [[Tulpar Air Service]]

[[Image:Kuwait Airways B777-269ER (9K-AOA) approaching London Heathrow Airport.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Kuwait Airways Boeing 777]]

====[[Korea, North]]====
* [[Air Koryo]]
====[[Korea, South]]====
* [[Asiana Airlines]]
* [[Hansung Airlines]]
* [[Jeju Air]]
* [[Korean Air]]

====[[Kyrgyzstan]]====
* [[Inter Trans Avia]]
* [[Itek Air]]
* [[KAS Air Company]]
* [[Kyrgyz International Airlines]]
* [[Kyrgyzstan Airlines]]
* [[Manas Air]]
* [[Phoenix Aviation]]
* [[Quadrotour-Aero]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_L&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Laos]]====
* [[Lao Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

[[Image:malaysia.airlines.b747-400.9m-mph.arp.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Malaysia Airlines [[Boeing 747]]]]
====[[Malaysia]]====
* [[Air Asia]]
* [[AJ Air]]
* [[Athena Air Services]]
* [[Berjaya Air]]
* [[Ked-Air]]
* [[Malaysia Airlines]]
* [[Transmile Air Services]]

====[[Maldives]]====
* [[Air Equator]]
* [[Island Aviation Services]]
* [[Maldivian Air Taxi]]
* [[Trans Maldivian Airways]]
====[[Mongolia]]====
* [[Aero Mongolia]]
* [[MIAT-Mongolian]]

====[[Myanmar]]====
* [[Air Bagan]]
* [[Air Mandalay]]
* [[Air Myanmar]]
* [[Myanmar Airways]]
* [[Yangon Airways]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_N&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Nepal]]====
* [[Agni Air]]
* [[Air Nepal International]]
* [[Buddha Air]]
* [[Cosmic Air]]
* [[Gorkha Airlines]]
* [[Necon Air]]
* [[Royal Nepal Airlines]]
* [[Skyline Airways]]
* [[Yeti Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_O&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
[[Image:pia.b747.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|250px|PIA Boeing 747-300 in the latest colour scheme]]
====[[Pakistan]]====
* [[Aero Asia International]]
* [[Airblue]]
* [[Air Mashriq]]
* [[Askari Aviation]]
* [[Bhoja Air]]
* [[Pakistan International Airlines]]
* [[Pearl Air]]
* [[Schon Air Limited]]
* [[Shaheen Air International]]

====[[Philippines]]====
* [[Air Philippines]]
* [[Asian Spirit]]
* [[A. Soriano Aviation]]
* [[Air Link International Airways]]
* [[Cebu Pacific]]
* [[Corporate Air (Philippines)|Corporate Air]]
* [[Interisland Airlines]]
* [[Pacificair]]
* [[Philippine Airlines]]
* [[South East Asian Airlines]]
* [[Subic Air]]

&lt;cite id=Asia_Q&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_R&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Singapore]]====
* [[Jetstar Asia Airways]]
* [[Orange Star]]
* [[Silkair]]
* [[Singapore Airlines]]
* [[Tiger Airways]]
* [[Valuair]]

[[Image:singapore.b747.trees.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Singapore Airlines Boeing 747]]

====[[Sri Lanka]]====
* [[Aero Lanka]]
* [[Expo Aviation]]
* [[Lankair]]
* [[Lionair (Sri Lanka)|Lionair]]
* [[Peace Air (Sri Lanka)|Peace Air]]
* [[Sky Cabs]]
* [[SriLankan Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_T&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=ROC/Taiwan&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

===Taiwan===
''See the section [[#ROC/Taiwan|China, Republic of]] above.

====[[Tajikistan]]====
* [[Tajikair]]
* [[Tajikistan Airlines]]

====[[Thailand]]====
* [[Air Andaman]]
* [[Air People International]]
* [[Angel Airlines (Thailand)|Angel Airlines]]
* [[Bangkok Airways]]
* [[Kampuchea Airlines]]
* [[Nok Air]]
* [[One-Two-GO]]
* [[Orient Thai Airlines]]
* [[PB Air]]
* [[Phuket Air]]
* [[Thai AirAsia]]
* [[Thai Airways International]]
* [[Thai Pacific Airlines]]
* [[Thai Sky Airlines]]

====[[Timor Leste]]====
''See the section [[#East Timor|above]].
====[[Turkmenistan]]====
* [[Turkmenistan Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Uzbekistan]]====
* [[Avialeasing]]
* [[Uzbekistan Airways]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Vietnam]]====
* [[Pacific Airlines]]
* [[Vietnam Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=Asia_W&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_X&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_Y&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=Asia_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
===[[Australasia]] and the [[Pacific]]===
'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#AP A|A]] [[#AP C|B]] [[#AP C|C]] [[#AP F|D]] [[#AP F|E]] [[#AP F|F]] [[#AP G|G]] [[#AP K|H]] [[#AP K|I]] [[#AP K|J]] [[#AP K|K]] [[#AP M|L]] [[#AP M|M]] [[#AP N|N]] [[#AP P|O]] [[#AP P|P]] [[#AP S|Q]] [[#AP S|R]] [[#AP S|S]] [[#AP T|T]] [[#AP V|U]] [[#AP V|V]] [[#AP Z|W]] [[#AP Z|X]] [[#AP Z|Y]] [[#AP Z|Z]]
&lt;cite id=AP_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[American Samoa]]====
* [[Inter Island Airways]]
====[[Australia]]====
* [[Aeropelican Air Services]]
* [[Aero-Tropics Air Services]]
* [[Aircruising Australia]]
* [[Airlines of Tasmania]]
* [[Air Link (Australia)|Air Link]]
* [[Airnorth]]
* [[Air Whitsunday]]
* [[Alliance Airlines]]
* [[Asian Express Airlines]]
* [[Aus-Air]]
* [[Australian Air Express]]
* [[Australian Airlines]]
* [[Backpackers Express]]
* [[Big Sky Express]]
* [[Brindabella Airlines]]
* [[Eastern Australia Airlines]]
* [[Eastland Air]]
* [[Eco Airlines]]
* [[Global Air (Australia)|Global Air]]
* [[Gold Airways]] - AOC Pending
* [[Horizon Airlines (Australia)|Horizon Airlines]]
* [[Inland Pacific Air]]
* [[Jetcraft Aviation]]
* [[Jetstar Airways]]
* [[LeisureJet]]
* [[Macair Airlines]]
* [[Maroomba Airlines]]
* [[National Jet Systems]]
* [[Northwest Regional Airlines]]
* [[O'Connor Airlines]]
* [[OzJet]]
[[Image:qantas.b747.ground.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Qantas Boeing 747]]
* [[Qantas]]
* [[Rex (airline)|Rex (Regional Express Airlines]]
* [[Rossair (Australia)|Rossair]]
* [[Skippers Aviation]]
* [[Skytrans Airlines]]
* [[Skywest (Australian airline)|Skywest]]
* [[Sunshine Express Airlines]]
* [[Virgin Blue]]
&lt;cite id=AP_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Cook Islands]]====
* [[Air Rarotonga]]
&lt;cite id=AP_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Fiji]]====
* [[Air Fiji]]
* [[Air Katafanga]]
* [[Air Pacific]]
* [[Pacific Island Air]]
* [[Sun Air (Fiji)|Sun Air]]
====[[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]]====
* [[Air Moorea]]
* [[Air Tahiti]]
* [[Air Tahiti Nui]]
* [[Wan Air]]
&lt;cite id=AP_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Guam]]====
* [[Asia Pacific Airlines]]
* [[Continental Micronesia]]
* [[Freedom Air (Guam)|Freedom Air]]
&lt;cite id=AP_K&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Kiribati]]====
* [[Air Kiribati]]
&lt;cite id=AP_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Marshall Islands]]====
* [[Air Marshall Islands]]
&lt;cite id=AP_N&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Nauru]]====
* [[Air Nauru]]
====[[New Caledonia]]====
* [[Air Caledonie]]
* [[Aircalin]]

====[[New Zealand]]====
* [[Air Chathams]]
* [[Air National]]
* [[Air Nelson]]
* [[Air New Zealand]]
* [[Airwork]]
* [[Aspiring Air]]
* [[Eagle Airways]]
* [[Freedom Air]]
* [[JetConnect]]
* [[Jumpjet]]

====[[Northern Mariana Islands]]====
* [[Pacific Island Aviation]]
&lt;cite id=AP_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Palau]]====
* [[Palau Micronesia Air]]
====[[Papua New Guinea]]====
* [[Airlines of Papua New Guinea]]
* [[Airlink (Papua New Guinea)|Airlink]]
* [[Air Niugini]]
* [[Asia Pacific Airline]]
* [[Islands Nationair]]
&lt;cite id=AP_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Samoa]]====
* [[Polynesian Airlines]]
* [[Polynesian Blue]]
====[[Solomon Islands]]====
* [[Solomon Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=AP_T&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Tonga]]====
* [[Air Waves of Vava'u]]
&lt;cite id=AP_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Vanuatu]]====
* [[Air Vanuatu]]
* [[Vanair]]
&lt;cite id=AP_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

===The [[Caribbean]] and [[Central America]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#CC A|A]] [[#CC B|B]] [[#CC C|C]] [[#CC D|D]] [[#CC E|E]] [[#CC F|F]] [[#CC G|G]] [[#CC H|H]] [[#CC I|I]] [[#CC J|J]] [[#CC K|K]] [[#CC L|L]] [[#CC M|M]] [[#CC N|N]] [[#CC O|O]] [[#CC P|P]] [[#CC Q|Q]] [[#CC R|R]] [[#CC S|S]] [[#CC T|T]] [[#CC U|U]] [[#CC V|V]] [[#CC W|W]] [[#CC X|X]] [[#CC Y|Y]] [[#CC Z|Z]]
&lt;cite id=CC_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Antigua and Barbuda]]====
* [[Carib Aviation]]
* [[Caribbean Star Airlines]]
* [[Leeward Islands Air Transport]]
====[[Aruba]]====
* [[ArubaExel]]
* [[Avia Air]]
* [[Royal Aruban Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=CC_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Bahamas]]====
* [[Bahamasair]]
====[[Barbados]]====
* [[Trans Island Air 2000]]
====[[Belize]]====
* [[Maya Island Air]]
* [[Tropic Air]]
&lt;cite id=CC_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Cayman Islands]]====
* [[Cayman Airways]]
====[[Kosta Rica]]====
* [[Air Charter Service]]
* [[Aviones Taxi Aereo]]
* [[Lacsa]]
* [[SANSA]]
* [[Taxi Aereo Centroamericano]]
====[[Kuba]]====
* [[Aero Caribbean]]
* [[Aerogaviota]]
* [[Cubana de Aviación]]
&lt;cite id=CC_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Dominican Republic]]====
* [[Air Santo Domingo]](sap)
* [[Caribair]]
* [[Servicios Aereos Profesionales]]
&lt;cite id=CC_E&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[El Salvador]]====
* [[Grupo TACA|TACA]]
&lt;cite id=CC_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Guadeloupe]]====
* [[Air Antilles Express]]
* [[Air Caraïbes]]
====[[Guatemala]]====
* [[Aviones Comerciales de Guatemala (Avcom)]]
* [[Guatemala-Inter]]
* [[Mayan World Airlines]]
* [[Grupo TACA|TACA]]
* [[Tikal Jets Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=CC_H&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Haïti]]====
* [[Air D'Ayiti]]
* [[Air Haïti]]
* [[Haïti Ambassador Airlines]]
* [[Haïti Trans Air]]
* [[Pearl Airways]]
* [[Tropical Airways]]

====[[Honduras]]====
* [[AeroHonduras]]
* [[Aerolineas Sosa]]
* [[Atlantic Airlines de Honduras]]
* [[Islena Airlines]]
* [[Sol Air]]
* [[Grupo TACA|TACA]]

[[Image:Air Jamaica A340-313 (6Y-JMM) landing at London Heathrow Airport (2).jpg|thumb|right|300px|Air Jamaica A340]]
&lt;cite id=CC_I&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_J&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Jamaika]]====
* [[Air Jamaica]]
* [[Air Jamaica Express]]
* [[International AirLink]]
&lt;cite id=CC_L&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_N&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Netherlands Antilles]]====
* [[Bonaire Express]]
* [[Curaçao Express]]
* [[DutchCaribbeanExel]]
* [[Winair (Windward Islands Airways)]]

====[[Nicaragua]]====
* [[Atlantic Airlines (Nicaragua)|Atlantic Airlines]]
* [[La Costena]]
* [[Nicaraguenses de Aviacion (NICA)]]
&lt;cite id=CC_O&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Panama]]====
* [[Aeroperlas]]
* [[Alas Chiricanas]]
* [[Copa Airlines]]
* [[Panavia (Panama)|Panavia]]

====[[Puerto Rico]]====
* [[Aeromed]]
* [[Air Culebra]]
* [[Caribbean Sun Airlines]]
* [[Executive Air]]
* [[Isla Nena Air]]
* [[Roblex Aviation]]
* [[San Juan Aviation]]
* [[Tol Air]]
* [[Vieques Air Link]]
&lt;cite id=CC_Q&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_R&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[St. Vincent and the Grenadines]]====
* [[Mustique Airways]]
* [[SVG Air]]
&lt;cite id=CC_T&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Trinidad and Tobago]]====
* [[BWIA West Indies Airways]]
* [[Tobago Express]]
====[[Visiwa vya Turks na Caicos]]====
* [[Interisland Airways]]
* [[SkyKing]]
* [[Turks and Caicos Airways]]
&lt;cite id=CC_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[United States Virgin Islands]]====
* [[Air St. Thomas]]
* [[Four Star Aviation]]
* [[Seaborne Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=CC_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_W&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_X&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_Y&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=CC_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

===[[Ulaya]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#Europe A|A]] [[#Europe B|B]] [[#Europe C|C]] [[#Europe D|D]] [[#Europe E|E]] [[#Europe F|F]] [[#Europe G|G]] [[#Europe H|H]] [[#Europe I|I]] [[#Europe J|J]] [[#Europe K|K]] [[#Europe L|L]] [[#Europe M|M]] [[#Europe N|N]] [[#Europe O|O]] [[#Europe P|P]] [[#Europe Q|Q]] [[#Europe R|R]] [[#Europe S|S]] [[#Europe T|T]] [[#Europe U|U]] [[#Europe V|V]] [[#Europe W|W]] [[#Europe X|X]] [[#Europe Y|Y]] [[#Europe Z|Z]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Åland]]====
* [[Air Åland]]
====[[Albania]]====
* [[Ada Air]]
* [[Albanian Airlines]]
* [[Albatros Airways]]

====[[Armenia]]====
* [[Air Armenia]]
* [[Air-Van Airlines]]
* [[Armavia]]
* [[Armenian International Airways]]
* [[Atlantis European Airways]]
* [[Yerevan-Avia]]

====[[Austria]]====
* [[Air Alps]]
* [[Amerer Air]]
* [[Austrian Airlines]]
* [[Austrian Arrows]]
* [[Carinthian Spirit]]
* [[Clevair]]
* [[InterSky]]
* [[Jetalliance Flugbetriebs]]
* [[Lauda Air]]
* [[LTU Austria]]
* [[MAP Jet]]
* [[Niki]]
* [[Styrian Spirit]]
* [[Teamline Air]]
* [[Welcome Air]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Belarus]]====
* [[Belavia]]
* [[Gomelavia]]

====[[Ubelgiji]]====
* [[Abelag Aviation]]
* [[Demavia Airlines]]
* [[Jetairfly]]
* [[SN Brussels Airlines]]
* [[Thomas Cook Airlines (Belgium)|Thomas Cook Airlines]]
* [[Virgin Express]]
* [[VLM Airlines]]

====[[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]====
* [[Air Srpska]]
* [[Arnoro]]
* [[B&amp;H Airlines]]
* [[Bosnia Airlines]]
* [[FlyBosnia]]

====[[Bulgaria]]====
* [[Air Sofia]]
* [[Air Via]]
* [[BH Air]]
* [[Bulgaria Air]]
* [[Bulgarian Air Charter]]
* [[Hemus Air]]
* [[Inter Trans Air]]
* [[Viaggio Air]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Croatia]]====
* [[Air Adriatic]]
* [[Croatia Airlines]]
* [[Dubrovnik Airlines]]
* [[Trade Air]]
* [[Zadar Airlines]]
====[[Cyprus|Cyprus, Republic of]]====
* [[Aerotrans Airlines]]
* [[Cyprus Airways]]
* [[Eurocypria Airlines]]
* [[FOS Logistics]]
* [[Helios Airways]]
====[[Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus|Cyprus, Turkish Republic of Northern]]====
* [[Kıbrıs Türk Hava Yolları]]

====[[Czech Republic]]====
* [[ABS Jets]]
* [[Charter Air]]
* [[Czech Airlines]]
* [[Regional Air Services (Czech Republic)|Regional Air Services]]
* [[Smart Wings]]
* [[Travel Service (Czech Republic)|Travel Service]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_D&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Denmark]]====
:''For Danish territories with home rule, see [[#Faroe Islands|Faroe Islands]] and [[#Greenland|Greenland]].
* [[Air Alsie]]
* [[Cimber Air]]
* [[Copenhagen Air Taxi]]
* [[DAT - Danish Air Transport]]
* [[Jettime]]
* [[Maersk Air]]
* [[Scandinavian Airlines System|Scandinavian Airlines]]
* [[Sterling European Airlines]]
* [[Sun Air of Scandinavia]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_E&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Estonia]]====
* [[Aero Airlines]]
* [[Air Livonia]]
* [[Airest]]
* [[Avies]]
* [[Enimex]]
* [[Estonian Air]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Faroe Islands]]====
* [[Atlantic Airways]]

====[[Finland]]====
''See [[#Åland|above]] for Åland
* [[Air Finland]]
* [[Blue1]]
* [[Copterline]]
* [[Finnair]]
* [[Finncomm Airlines]]
* [[Soder Airlines]]

====[[Ufaransa]]====

* [[Aero Charter DARTA]]
* [[Aero Services Executive]]
* [[Aigle Azur]]
* [[Air France]]
* [[Air France-KLM]]
* [[Air Horizons]]
* [[Airlinair]]
* [[Air Méditerranée]]
* [[Air Orient]]
* [[Air Turquoise]]
* [[AlsaceExcel]]
* [[Axis Airways]]
* [[Blue Line (airline)|Blue Line]]
* [[Brit Air]]
* [[CCM Airlines]]
* [[Champagne Airlines]]
* [[Corsairfly]]
* [[Eagle Aviation France]]
* [[Eurojet Airlines]]
* [[Europe Airpost]]
* [[Finist'air]]
* [[Flywest]]
* [[Hex'Air]]
* [[Jetway]]
* [[Ocean Airways]]
* [[Octavia Airlines]]
* [[Régional]]
* [[Star Airlines]]
* [[Sud Airlines]]
* [[Twin Jet]]
''For [[French overseas departments and territories|DOMs/TOM]]s, see the sections for [[#French Guiana|French Guiana]], [[#French Polynesia|French Polynesia]], [[#Guadeloupe|Guadeloupe]], [[#New Caledonia|New Caledonia]], [[#Réunion|Réunion]], [[#Saint-Pierre and Miquelon|Saint-Pierre and Miquelon]].
&lt;Cite id=Europe_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Georgia (nchi)|Georgia]]====
* [[Georgian National Airlines]]
* [[Georgian Airways]]
* [[Tbilaviamsheni]]

====[[Ujerumani]]====
* [[ACM Air Charter]]
* [[Aero Business Charter]]
* [[Aero Dienst]]
* [[Aeroline]]
* [[Air Berlin]]
* [[Air City]]
* [[Arcus-Air Logistic]]
* [[Augsburg Airways]]
* [[Avanti Air]]
* [[Blue Wings]]
* [[Cirrus Airlines]]
* [[Comfort Air]]
* [[Condor Flugdienst]]
* [[Contact Air]]
* [[Dau Air]]
* [[dba]]
* [[Elbe Air]]
* [[European Air Express]]
* [[Eurowings]]
* [[FAI Air Service]]
* [[FLM Aviation]]
* [[FLN Frisia Luftverkehr]]
* [[Fresh Line]]
* [[Germania (airline)|Germania]]
* [[Germanwings]]
* [[Hahn Air]]
* [[Hamburg International]]
* [[Hapagfly]]
* [[HLX.com]]
* [[LFH - Luftverkehr Friesland Harle]]
* [[Luftfahrtgesellschaft Walter|LGW - Luftfahrtgesellschaft Walter]]
* [[LTU Billa]]
* [[LTU International]]
* [[Lufthansa]]
[[Image:Lufthansa.a320-200.d-aipz.arp.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Lufthansa Airbus A320-200]]
* [[Lufthansa CityLine]]
* [[Lufttaxi Fluggesellschaft]]
* [[MSR Flug-Charter]]
* [[Ostfriesische Lufttransport|OLT - Ostfriesische Lufttransport]]
* [[Phoenix Air]]
* [[Private Wings Flugcharter]]
* [[Rheinair]]
* [[Stuttgarter Flugdienst]]
* [[Taunus Air]]
* [[TUI Fly]]
* [[Vibroair]]
* [[WDL Aviation]]
* [[Windrose Air]]

====[[Ugiriki]]====
* [[Aegean Airlines]]
* [[Air Miles (airline)|Air Miles]]
* [[Alexandair]]
* [[Aviator Airways]]
* [[Blue Star Airlines]]
* [[EuroAir]]
* [[Greece Airways]]
* [[Mediterranean Air Freight]]
* [[Olympic Airlines]]
* [[Sky Express]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_H&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Hungary]]====
* [[Aviaexpress]]
* [[CityLine Hungary]]
* [[Farnair Hungary]]
* [[MALEV Hungarian|MALÉV Hungarian Airlines]]
* [[SkyEurope Airlines Hungary]]
* [[Travel Service (Hungary)|Travel Service]]
* [[Wizz Air]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_I&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Iceland]]====
* [[Air Atlanta Icelandic]]
* [[Air Iceland]]
* [[Icelandair]]
* [[Iceland Express]]
* [[Islandsflug]]
* [[JetX Airlines]]
* [[Landsflug]]

====[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland, Republic of]]====
* [[Aer Arann]]
* [[Aer Lingus]]
* [[Air Contractors]]
* [[CityJet]]
* [[Eirjet]]
* [[Ryanair]]
* [[Skynet Airlines]]
* [[Starair]]

[[Image:alitalia.a321.abovetree.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Alitalia Airbus A321]]

====[[Italia]]====
* [[Air Dolomiti]]
* [[Air Freedom]]
* [[Air Italy]]
* [[Air Sal]]
* [[Air Vallée]]
* [[Alidaunia]]
* [[Alitalia]]
* [[Alitalia Express]]
* [[Blue Panorama Airlines]]
* [[Blu Express]]
* [[Clubair]]
* [[Eurojet Italia]]
* [[Evolavia]]
* [[Italy First]]
* [[Livingston (airline)|Livingston]]
* [[Meridiana]]
* [[Mistral Air]]
* [[MyAir]]
* [[Neos]]
* [[Ocean Airlines]]
* [[Windjet]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_J&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_K&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_L&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Latvia]]====
* [[AirBaltic]]
* [[Concors]]
* [[Inversija]]
* [[LatCharter]]

====[[Lithuania]]====
* [[Air Lithuania]]
* [[Amber Air]]
* [[Apatas Air]]
* [[Aurela]]
* [[Aviavilsa]]
* [[Danu Oro Transportas]]
* [[Lithuanian Airlines]]

====[[Luxembourg]]====
* [[Comlux]]
* [[Global Jet Luxembourg]]
* [[Lionair]]
* [[Luxair]]
* [[Luxaviation]]
* [[Silver Arrows]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Republic of Macedonia|Macedonia, Republic of]]====
* [[Air Vardar]]
* [[MAT Macedonian Airlines]]

====[[Malta]]====
* [[Air Malta]]
* [[Medavia]]
* [[BritishJET]]

====[[Moldova]]====
* [[Aerocom]]
* [[Air Moldova]]
* [[Moldavian Airlines]]
* [[Tandem Aero]]
* [[Tepavia Trans]]

====[[Monaco]]====
* [[Heli Air Monaco]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_N&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Netherlands]]====
* [[Air France-KLM]]
* [[Arkefly]]
* [[BonairExel]]
* [[Business Jet]]
* [[Denim Air]]
* [[Interstate Airlines]]
* [[KLM]]
* [[KLM Cityhopper]]
* [[Magic Blue Airlines]]
* [[Martinair]]
* [[Metropolis (airline)|Metropolis]]
* [[North Sea Airways]]
* [[Quick Airways Holland]]
* [[Rossair Europe]]
* [[Schreiner Airways]]
* [[Transavia]]
* [[Tulip Air]]

====[[Norway]]====
* [[Bergen Air Transport]]
* [[Classic Norway Air]]
* [[Coast Air]]
* [[Fonnafly]]
* [[Kato Airline]]
* [[Norwegian Air Shuttle]]
* [[SAS Braathens]]
* [[Scandinavian Airlines System|Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS)]]
* [[Widerøe]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_O&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Poland]]====
* [[Aerogryf]]
* [[Centralwings]]
* [[Eurolot]]
* [[Fischer Air Polska]]
* [[LOT Polish Airlines|LOT]]
* [[Silesian Air]]
* [[Sky Express]]
* [[White Eagle Aviation]]
* [[Wizzair]]

====[[Ureno]]====
* [[Aerocondor]]
* [[EuroAtlantic Airways]]
* [[Hifly]]
* [[Luzair]]
* [[Portugália]]
* [[SATA Air Acores]]
* [[SATA International]]
* [[TAP Portugal]]
* [[White (airline)|White]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_Q&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_R&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Romania]]====
* [[Acvila Air]]
* [[Angel Airlines (Romania)|Angel Airlines]]
* [[Blue Air]]
* [[Carpatair]]
* [[Chris Air]]
* [[Ion Ţiriac Air]]
* [[Romavia]]
* [[Tarom]]

====[[Urusi]]====
[[Image:Tupolev.tu154.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154]]
* [[Abakan Avia]]
* [[Aerobratsk]]
* [[Aeroflot]]
* [[Airstars Airways]]
* [[Alrosa Avia]]
* [[Angara Airlines]]
* [[Astair Airlines]]
* [[Atlant-Soyuz Airlines]]
* [[Atruvera Aviation]]
* [[Avcom]]
* [[Aviacon Zitotrans]]
* [[Avial NV]]
* [[Aviaprad]]
* [[Aviast]]
* [[Aviastar Airlines]]
* [[Belgorod Air Enterprise]]
* [[Bravia (Bryansk Air Enterprise)]]
* [[Bugulma Air Enterprise]]
* [[Bural]]
* [[Bylina (airline)|Bylina]]
* [[Centre-Avia Airlines]]
* [[Chelyabinsk Airlines]]
* [[Chernomor Avia]]
* [[Chukotavia]]
* [[Chuvashia Airlines]]
* [[Continental Airways]]
* [[Dobrolet Airlines]]
* [[East Line Airlines]]
* [[Enkor]]
* [[Gazpromavia]]
* [[Gromov Air]]
* [[Ilavia Airline]]
* [[Interavia]]
* [[Izhavia]]
* [[Karat (airline)|Karat]]
* [[Kazan Air Enterprise]]
* [[Kemerovo Aviation Enterprise]]
* [[Kirov Airline]]
* [[Kogalymavia Airlines]]
* [[Komiaviatrans]]
* [[Krylo Airlines]]
* [[Magadan Airlines]]
* [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski Airline]]
* [[Polet Airlines]]
* [[RusAir]]
* [[Russia Jet Direct]]
* [[Russian Sky Airlines]]
* [[Ryazanaviatrans]]
* [[Saravia]]
* [[SAT Airlines]]
* [[Selcon Airlines]]
* [[Siberia Airlines]]
* [[STC Russia]]
* [[Tesis Aviation Enterprise]]
* [[Tomskavia]]
* [[Transeuropean Airlines]]
* [[Ural Airlines]]
* [[UT Air]]
* [[Volga Aviaexpress]]
* [[Volga-Dnepr]]
* [[Vologda Air]]
* [[Voronezhavia]]
* [[Vostok Airlines]]
* [[Yak-Service]]
* [[Yakutia Airlines]]
* [[Yamal Airlines]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Serbia]]====
* [[Air Maxi]]
* [[Air Pink]]
* [[Air Yugoslavia]]
* [[Aviogenex]]
* [[Centavia]]
* [[Jat Airways]]
* [[Kosmas Air]]
* [[Kosova Airlines]]
* [[Master Airways]]
* [[Prince Aviation]]

====[[Slovakia]]====
* [[Aero Slovakia]]
* [[Air Slovakia]]
* [[Air Transport Europe]]
* [[Seagle Air]]
* [[SkyEurope]]
* [[Slovak Airlines]]

====[[Slovenia]]====
* [[Adria Airways]]
* [[Slovenian Spirit]]
* [[Solinair]]

====[[Hispania]]====
* [[Aerolineas de Baleares]]
* [[Aeronova]]
* [[Air Andalucia]]
* [[Air Asturias]]
* [[Air Este]]
* [[Air Europa]]
* [[Air Granada]]
* [[Air Madrid]]
* [[Air Nostrum]]
* [[Air Pack Express]]
* [[Air Plus Comet]]
* [[Air Pullmantur]]
* [[Airclass Airways]]
* [[Alaire]]
* [[Audeli Air]]
* [[Binter Canarias]]
* [[BKS Air]]
* [[Bravo Airlines]]
* [[Clickair]]
* [[Cygnus Air]]
* [[Euro Continental Air]]
* [[Fly LPI]]
* [[FlyAnt]]
* [[Futura International Airways]]
* [[Gadair]]
* [[Gestair]]
* [[Girjet]]
* [[Hola Airlines]]
* [[Iberia Airlines]]
* [[Ibertrans Aerea]]
* [[Iberworld]]
* [[Intermediacion Aerea]]
* [[Islas Airways]]
* [[Lagun Air]]
* [[LTE International Airways]]
* [[Naysa Aerotaxis]]
* [[OrionAir]]
* [[PAN Air]]
* [[Serair]]
* [[Spanair]]
* [[Swiftair]]
* [[Tadair]]
* [[Top Fly]]
* [[Travel Service Espana]]
* [[Vueling Airlines]]
* [[Vuelos Mediterraneo]]
* [[Zorex Air Transport]]

====[[Uswidi]]====
* [[Amapola Flyg]]
* [[Avitrans]]
* [[TUIfly Nordic]] ''(before: Britannia Nordic)''
* [[City Airline]]
* [[Direktflyg]]
* [[Falcon Air]]
* [[FlyMe]]
* [[Flynordic]]
* [[Golden Air]]
* [[Gotlandsflyg]]
* [[International Business Air]]
* [[Kullaflyg]]
* [[Malmö Aviation]]
* [[Maxair]]
* [[Nordic Regional]]
* [[Nordkalottflyg]]
* [[Novair]]
* [[Scandinavian Airlines System|Scandinavian Airlines]]
* [[Skyways Express]]
* [[Snålskjuten]]
* [[Stockholmsplanet]]
* [[Sundsvallsflyg]]
* [[Swe Fly]]
* [[SwedJet Airways]]
* [[Swedline Express]]
* [[Viking Airlines]]
* [[West Air Sweden]]

====[[Uswisi]]====
* [[Air Glaciers]]
* [[Air Prishtina]]
* [[Belair (airline)|Belair]]
* [[Club Airways International]]
* [[Connect Air]]
* [[Crossair Europe]]
* [[Darwin Airline]]
* [[easyJet Switzerland]]
* [[Edelweiss Air]]
* [[Farnair Switzerland]]
* [[Flybaboo]]
* [[Hello (airline)|Hello]]
* [[Helvetic Airways]]
* [[Jet Aviation]]
* [[Jetclub]]
* [[Ju-Air]]
* [[Lions Air]]
* [[PrivatAir]]
* [[SkyWork]]
* [[Swiss European Air Lines]]
* [[Swiss International Air Lines]]
* [[Zimex Aviation]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_T&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Uturuki]]====
* [[Act Airlines]]
* [[Atlasjet]]
* [[Corendon|Corendon Airlines]]
* [[Fly Air]]
* [[Free Bird Airlines]]
* [[Golden International Airlines]]
* [[Inter Airlines]]
* [[Izmir Airlines]]
* [[MNG Airlines]]
* [[Onur Air]]
* [[Orbit Express Airlines]]
* [[Pegasus Airlines]]
* [[Saga Airlines]]
* [[Sky Airlines]]
* [[SunExpress]]
* [[TT Airlines]]
* [[Turkish Airlines]]
* [[World Focus Airlines]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Ukraine]]====
* [[Aeromist-Kharkiv]]
* [[Aerostar Airlines]]
* [[Aerovis Airlines]]
* [[Air Kharkov]]
* [[Air Urga]]
* [[Antonov Airlines]]
* [[ARP 410 Airlines]]
* [[Azov Avia Airlines]]
* [[Business Aviation Center]]
* [[Constanta Airline]]
* [[Crimea Air]]
* [[Dniproavia]]
* [[Khors Aircompany]]
* [[Lvov Airlines]]
* [[Motor Sich]]
* [[Podilia-Avia]]
* [[Tavrey Airlines]]
* [[Ukraine Air Alliance]]
* [[Ukraine Air Enterprise]]
* [[Ukraine International Airlines]]
* [[Ukrainian Cargo Airways]]
* [[UM Airlines]]
* [[Volare Airlines (Ukraine)|Volare Airlines]]
* [[Yuzmashavia]]

====[[Ufalme wa Muungano]]====
* [[Air Atlanta Europe]]
* [[Air Atlantique]]
* [[Air Scotland]]
* [[Air Southwest]]
* [[Air Wales]]
* [[Astraeus (airline)|Astraeus]]
* [[Atlantic Express (airline)|Atlantic Express]]
* [[Aurigny Air Services]]
* [[BA Connect]]
* [[BAC Express Airlines]]
* [[Blue Islands]]
* [[BMI (airline)|BMI]]
* [[bmibaby]]
* [[BMI regional]]
* [[British Airways]][[Image:Ba B747.g-bnlv.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|British Airways Boeing 747]]
* [[British Mediterranean Airways]]
* [[British NorthWest Airlines]]
* [[Castle Air]]
* [[Centreline]]
* [[Channel Express]]
* [[City Star Airlines]]
* [[Club 328]]
* [[Eastern Airways]]
* [[easyJet]]
* [[Eurojet]]
* [[EuroManx]]
* [[European Aviation Air Charter]]
* [[European Executive]]
* [[Excel Airways]]
* [[First Choice Airways]]
* [[Flightline]]
* [[flybe]]
* [[Flyglobespan]]
* [[Flyjet]]
* [[GB Airways]]
* [[Highland Airways]]
* [[Isles of Scilly Skybus]]
* [[Jet2.com]]
* [[Loganair]]
* [[Lydd Air]]
* [[Monarch Airlines]]
* [[MyTravel Airways]]
* [[MyTravel Lite]]
* [[Palmair]]
* [[ScotAirways]]
* [[Skydrift Air Charter]]
* [[Thomas Cook Airlines]]
* [[Thomsonfly]]
* [[Titan Airways]]
* [[Virgin Atlantic Airways]]
&lt;Cite id=Europe_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_W&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_X&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_Y&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=Europe_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

===[[Middle East]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#ME B|A]] [[#ME B|B]] [[#ME I|C]] [[#ME I|D]] [[#ME I|E]] [[#ME I|F]] [[#ME I|G]] [[#ME I|H]] [[#ME I|I]] [[#ME J|J]] [[#ME K|K]] [[#ME L|L]] [[#ME O|M]] [[#ME O|N]] [[#ME O|O]] [[#ME P|P]] [[#ME Q|Q]] [[#ME S|R]] [[#ME S|S]] [[#ME U|T]] [[#ME U|U]] [[#ME Y|V]] [[#ME Y|W]] [[#ME Y|X]] [[#ME Y|Y]] [[#ME Z|Z]]
&lt;cite id=ME_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Bahrain]]====
* [[Gulf Air]]
* [[Gulf Traveller]]
&lt;cite id=ME_I&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Iran]]====
* [[Aria Tour]]
[[Image:Iran.air.b747-100.ep-iam.arp.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Iran Air Boeing 747]]
* [[Bon Air]]
* [[Caspian Airlines]]
* [[Eram Air]]
* [[Ilam Air]]
* [[Iran Air]]
* [[Iranair Tours]]
* [[Iran Aseman Airlines]]
* [[Iranian Air Transport]]
* [[Kish Air]]
* [[Mahan Air]]
* [[Naft Airlines]]
* [[Pariz Air]]
* [[Payam Air]]
* [[Qeshm Air]]
* [[Safat Airlines]]
* [[Safiran Airlines]]
* [[Saha Airlines]]
* [[Sahand Airlines]]
* [[Simorgh Airlines]]
* [[TA Air]]
* [[Taban Airlines]]
* [[Tara Airlines]]
* [[Tehran Airlines]]
* [[Zagros Airlines]]

====[[Iraq]]====
* [[Iraqi Airways]]
* [[Ishtar Airlines]]
====[[Israel]]====
* [[Arkia Israel Airlines]]
* [[El Al]]
* [[Israir]]
* [[Sun D'Or]]
[[Image:elal.b747.low.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|300px|El Al Boeing 747]]
&lt;cite id=ME_J&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Jordan]]====
* [[Air Rum]]
* [[Air Universal]]
* [[Jordan Aviation]]
* [[Raya Jet]]
* [[Royal Jordanian]]
* [[Royal Wings Airlines]]
* [[Teebah Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=ME_K&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Kuwait]]====
* [[Jazeera Airways]]
* [[Kuwait Airways]]
* [[Wataniya Airways]]
&lt;cite id=ME_L&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Lebanon]]====
* [[Berytos Airlines]]
* [[Lebanese Air Transport]]
* [[MenaJet]]
* [[Middle East Airlines]]
* [[Trans Mediterranean Airways]]
&lt;cite id=ME_O&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Oman]]====
* [[Oman Air]]
&lt;cite id=ME_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Palestinian territories|Palestine]]====
* [[Palestinian Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=ME_Q&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Qatar]]====
* [[Qatar Airways]]
&lt;cite id=ME_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Saudi Arabia]]====
* [[Saudi Arabian Airlines]]
* [[NAS]]
* [[Sama]]

====[[Syria]]====
* [[Syrian Arab Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=ME_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[United Arab Emirates]]====
[[Image:Emirates A380.JPG|thumb|right|300px|Emirates Airbus A380]]
* [[Abu Dhabi Aviation]]
* [[Aerovista Airlines]]
* [[Air Arabia]]
* [[Air Cess]]
* [[Aria Air]]
* [[British Gulf International Airlines]]
* [[Dolphin Air]]
* [[Emirates]]
* [[Etihad Airways]]
* [[HeavyLift International]]
* [[Kinshasa Airways]]
* [[Phoenix Aviation]]
* [[Pluto Airlines]]
* [[Royal Jet]]
* [[Reem Air]]
* [[StarJet]]
&lt;cite id=ME_Y&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Yemen]]====
* [[Yemenia]][[yasmin airlines]]

&lt;cite id=ME_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

===[[North America]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#NA C|A]] [[#NA C|B]] [[#NA C|C]] [[#NA G|D]] [[#NA G|E]] [[#NA G|F]] [[#NA G|G]] [[#NA M|H]] [[#NA M|I]] [[#NA M|J]] [[#NA M|K]] [[#NA M|L]] [[#NA M|M]] [[#NA S|N]] [[#NA S|O]] [[#NA S|P]] [[#NA S|Q]] [[#NA S|R]] [[#NA S|S]] [[#NA U|T]] [[#NA U|U]] [[#NA Z|V]] [[#NA Z|W]] [[#NA Z|X]] [[#NA Z|Y]] [[#NA Z|Z]]
&lt;cite id=NA_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Kanada]]====
[[Image:Air Canada B767-300ER (C-GGFJ) landing at London Heathrow Airport (2).jpg|thumb|right|250px|Air Canada]]
* [[Air Canada]]
* [[Air Canada Jazz]]
* [[Air Canada Jetz]]
* [[Air Creebec]]
* [[Air Georgian]]
* [[Air Inuit]]
* [[Air Labrador]]
* [[Air Mikisew]]
* [[Air North]]
* [[Air Nunavut]]
* [[Air Saguenay]]
* [[Air Satellite]]
* [[Air Southwest Ltd|Air Southwest]]
* [[Air Tindi]]
* [[Air Transat]]
* [[Aklak Air]]
* [[Alberta Citylink]]
* [[Alkan Air]]
* [[AllCanada Express]]
* [[Alta Flights]]
* [[Bar XH Air]]
* [[Baxter Aviation]]
* [[Bearskin Airlines]]
* [[Buffalo Airways]]
* [[Calm Air]]
* [[Canadian Metro Airlines]]
* [[Canadian North]]
* [[CanJet]]
* [[Central Mountain Air]]
* [[CHC Helicopter]]
* [[Corporate Express]]
* [[Cougar Helicopters]]
* [[First Air]]
* [[Harbour Air]]
* [[Harmony Airways]]
* [[Hawkair]]
* [[HeliJet]]
* [[Innu Mikun Airlines]]
* [[KD Air]]
* [[Keewatin Air]]
* [[Kenn Borek Air]]
* [[Keystone Air Service]]
* [[Kivalliq Air]]
* [[Lakeland Aviation]]
* [[Nolinor Aviation]]
* [[Northwestern Air]]
* [[Pacific Coastal Airlines]]
* [[Peace Air]]
* [[Perimeter Aviation]]
* [[Prince Edward Air]]
* [[Provincial Airlines]]
* [[Queen Charlotte Airlines]]
* [[QuikAir]]
* [[Regional One]]
* [[SkyLink Aviation]]
* [[Skyservice]]
* [[Skyxpress Airline]]
* [[Sonicblue Airways]]
* [[Summit Air]]
* [[Sunwest Aviation]]
* [[Thunder Airlines]]
* [[Tofino Air]]
* [[Transwest Air]]
* [[Universal Helicopters]]
* [[Vancouver Island Air]]
* [[Voyageur Airways]]
* [[Wasaya Airways]]
* [[West Coast Air]]
* [[WestJet]]
* [[West Wind Aviation]]
* [[White River Air]]
* [[Zoom Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=NA_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Greenland]]====
* [[Air Greenland]]
&lt;cite id=NA_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Mexiko]]====
* [[Aero California]]
* [[Aero Cuahonte]]
* [[Aerolitoral]]
* [[Aeromar]]
* [[Aeroméxico]]
* [[Aeromexpress]]
* [[Aviacsa]]
* [[Avolar Aerolineas]]
* [[Click Mexicana]]
* [[Global Air (Mexico)|Global Air]]
* [[Interjet]]
* [[Líneas Aéreas Azteca]]
* [[Mexicana]]
* [[Republicair]]
* [[Servicios Aeronauticos de Oriente]]
&lt;cite id=NA_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Saint-Pierre and Miquelon]]====
* [[Air Saint-Pierre]]
&lt;cite id=NA_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Marekani]]====
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#top|Top]] - [[#US A|A]] [[#US B|B]] [[#US C|C]] [[#US D|D]] [[#US E|E]] [[#US F|F]] [[#US G|G]] [[#US H|H]] [[#US I|I]] [[#US J|J]] [[#US K|K]] [[#US L|L]] [[#US M|M]] [[#US N|N]] [[#US O|O]] [[#US P|P]] [[#US Q|Q]] [[#US R|R]] [[#US S|S]] [[#US T|T]] [[#US U|U]] [[#US V|V]] [[#US W|W]] [[#US X|X]] [[#US Y|Y]] [[#US Z|Z]]
&lt;cite id=US_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
* [[ABX Air]]
* [[Air Cargo Carriers]]
* [[Air East]]
* [[Air Evac (airline)|Air Evac]]
* [[Air Florida Airlines]]
* [[Air Gumbo]]
* [[Air Midwest]]
* [[Airnet Express]]
* [[AirNow]]
* [[Air Sunshine]]
* [[Air Tahoma]]
* [[AirTran Airways]]
* [[Air Vegas]]
* [[Air Wisconsin]]
* [[Alaska Airlines]]
* [[Alaska Central Express]]
* [[Alaska Seaplane Service]]
* [[Allegiant Air]]
* [[Aloha Airlines]]
* [[Alpine Air Express]]
* [[America West Airlines]]
* [[American Airlines]][[Image:american.b777.rearview.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|250px|American Airlines Boeing 777]]
* [[AmericanConnection]]
* [[American Eagle Airlines]]
* [[Ameriflight]]
* [[Amerijet International]]
* [[Ameristar Jet Charter]]
* [[Arctic Circle Air Service]]
* [[Arctic Transportation Services]]
* [[Arrow Air]]
* [[ATA Airlines]]
* [[Atlantic Island Air]]
* [[Atlantic Southeast Airlines]]
* [[Atlas Air]]
* &lt;cite id=US_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Baron Aviation Services]]
* [[Bemidji Airlines]]
* [[Bering Air]]
* [[Berry Aviation]]
* [[Bighorn Airways]]
* [[Big Island Air]]
* [[Big Sky Airlines]]
* [[Blackstar Airlines]]
* [[Blue Moon Aviation]]
* [[Boston-Maine Airways]] ([[Pan American World Airways#Pan Am III|Pan Am Clipper Connection]])
* &lt;cite id=US_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Cape Air]]
* [[Caribbean Sun]]
* [[Castle Aviation]]
* [[Chalk's Ocean Airways]]
* [[Champion Air]]
* [[Chautauqua Airlines]]
* [[Colgan Air]]
* [[Colorado Airways]]
* [[Comair]]
* [[CommutAir]]
* [[Continental Airlines]][[Image:continental.b777.gatwick.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Continental Airlines Boeing 777]]
* [[Continental Express]]
* [[Corporate Air]]
* [[Critical Air Medicine]]
* [[Crystal Airways]]
* [[CSA Air]]
* [[Custom Air Transport]]
* &lt;cite id=US_D&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Delta Air Lines]]
* [[Diamond International Airlines]]
* &lt;cite id=US_E&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Eastwind Airlines]]
* [[Empire Airlines]]
* [[Eos Airlines]]
* [[Era Aviation]]
* [[Evergreen International Airlines]]
* [[ExpressJet Airlines]]
* [[Express.Net Airlines]]
* [[Express One International]]
* &lt;cite id=US_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Falcon Air Express]]
* [[Fine Air]]
* [[Flight Alaska]]
* [[Flight Express (USA)|Flight Express]]
* [[Flight International Aviation|Flight International]]
* [[Florida Coastal Airlines]]
* [[Florida West International Airways]]
* [[FlyHawaii Airlines]]
* [[Freedom Airlines]]
* [[Freight Runners Express]]
* [[Frontier Airlines]]
* [[Frontier Flying Service]]
* [[FS Air Service]]
* &lt;cite id=US_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
* [[GoJet Airlines]]
* [[Grand Aire Express]]
* [[Grand Canyon Airlines]]
* [[Grant Aviation]]
* [[Great Lakes Airlines]]
* [[Gulfstream International Airlines]]
* &lt;cite id=US_H&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Hageland Aviation Services]]
* [[Hawaiian Airlines]]
* [[Hooters Air]]
* [[Horizon Air]]
* &lt;cite id=US_I&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[IBC Airways]]
* [[I-Jet Caribbean]]
* [[Inland Aviation Services]]
* [[Island Air]]
* &lt;cite id=US_J&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[JetBlue Airways]]
* [[Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System]]
* &lt;cite id=US_K&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Kalitta Air]]
* [[Kalitta Charters]]
* [[Kenmore Air]]
* [[Key Lime Air]]
* &lt;cite id=US_L&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[LAB Flying Service]]
* [[Louisiana Airways]]
* [[Lynx Air International]]
* &lt;cite id=US_M&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Maxjet]]
* [[Merlin Airways]]
* [[Mesa Airlines]]
* [[Mesaba Airlines]]
* [[Mexus Airlines]]
* [[Miami Air International]]
* [[MidAtlantic Airways]]
* [[Mid-Atlantic Freight]]
* [[Midwest Airlines]]
* [[Midwest Connect]]
* [[Murray Air]]
* &lt;cite id=US_N&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Nantucket Airlines]]
* [[New England Airlines]]
* [[North American Airlines]]
* [[Northwest Airlines]]
* &lt;cite id=US_O&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Omni Air International]]
* &lt;cite id=US_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Pace Airlines]]
* [[Pacific Wings]]
* [[Pen Air]]
* [[Piedmont Airlines]]
* [[Pinnacle Airlines]]
* [[Primaris Airlines]]
* [[PSA Airlines]]
* &lt;cite id=US_Q&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=US_R&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[RegionsAir]]
* [[Republic Airlines]]
* [[Rio Airways]]
* [[Ryan International Airlines]]
* &lt;cite id=US_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Salmon Air]]
* [[Scenic Airlines]]
* [[Shuttle America]]
* [[Sierra Pacific Airlines]]
* [[Skagway Air Service]]
* [[Sky Bus Airlines]]
* [[Sky King]]
* [[Skylink Airways]]
* [[SkyValue]]
* [[Skyway Airlines]]
* [[Skyway Enterprises]]
* [[SkyWest]]
* [[Song (airline)|Song]]
* [[Southern Air]]
* [[Southwest Airlines]]
* [[Spirit Airlines]]
* [[Sportsflight Airways]]
* [[Sun Country Airlines]]
* [[Sundance Air]]
* [[Sunship1 Airlines]]
* [[Sunworld International Airlines]]
* [[Superior Aviation]]
* [[Swift Air]]
* &lt;cite id=US_T&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Ted (airline)|Ted]]
* [[Tradewinds Airlines]]
* [[Trans-Florida Airlines]]
* [[Trans States Airlines]]
[[Image:united.b777.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|250px|United Airlines Boeing 777]]
* &lt;cite id=US_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[United Airlines]]
* [[United Express]]
* [[United Parcel Service]]
* [[USA 3000 Airlines]]
* [[US Airways]]
* [[USA Jet Airways|USA Jet Airlines]]
* &lt;cite id=US_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Victory Air Transport]]
* [[Virgin America]]
* &lt;cite id=US_W&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Wagner Airways]]
* [[West Air]]
* [[West Coast Airlines]]
* [[Western (airline)|Western]]
* [[Westward Airways (Nebraska)|Westward Airways]]
* [[Wiggins Airways]]
* [[Wings of Alaska]]
* [[World Airways]]
* &lt;cite id=US_X&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Xtra Airways]]
* &lt;cite id=US_Y&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;cite id=US_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;[[Zantop International Airlines]]
&lt;cite id=NA_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

===[[Amerika Kusini]]===
:'''{{MediaWiki:Toc}}:''' [[#SA top|Top]] - [[#SA A|A]] [[#SA B|B]] [[#SA C|C]] [[#SA D|D]] [[#SA E|E]] [[#SA F|F]] [[#SA G|G]] [[#SA P|H]] [[#SA P|I]] [[#SA P|J]] [[#SA P|K]] [[#SA P|L]] [[#SA P|M]] [[#SA P|N]] [[#SA P|O]] [[#SA P|P]] [[#SA S|Q]] [[#SA S|R]] [[#SA S|S]] [[#SA U|T]] [[#SA U|U]] [[#SA V|V]] [[#SA Z|W]] [[#SA Z|X]] [[#SA Z|Y]] [[#SA Z|Z]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_A&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Argentina]]====
* [[Aerolíneas Argentinas]]
* [[Aero VIP]]
* [[Austral Lineas Aereas]]
* [[CATA Línea Aérea]]
* [[LADE - Lineas Aereas Del Estado]]
* [[LAN Argentina]]
* [[Lineas Aereas Federales]]
* [[Servicios de Transportes Aéreos Fueguinos]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_B&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Bolivia]]====
* [[Aerosur]]
* [[Lloyd Aereo Boliviano]]
* [[Northeast Bolivian Airlines]]
* [[TAM - Transporte Aereo Militar]]

====[[Brazil]]====
* [[Abaeté Linhas Aéreas]]
* [[Air Minas]]
* [[ATA Brasil]]
* [[BRA Transportes Aereos]]
* [[Cruiser Linhas Aereas]]
* [[Fly Linhas Aereas]]
* [[Gensa]]
* [[Gol (company)|Gol]]
* [[Itapemirim Transportes Aereos]]
* [[JetSul]]
* [[META - Mesquita Transportes Aereos]]
* [[Nordeste Linhas Aereas Regionais]]
* [[OceanAir]]
* [[Pantanal Linhas Aereas]]
* [[PENTA - Pena Transportes Aereos]]
* [[Promodal Transportes Aereos]]
* [[Puma Air]]
* [[Rico Linhas Aereas]]
* [[Rio Sul Serviços Aéreos Regionais]]
* [[Skymaster Airlines]]
* [[TAF Linhas Aereas]]
* [[TAM Linhas Aéreas]]
* [[Tavaj Linhas Aereas]]
* [[Total Linhas Aereas]]
* [[Transportes Charter do Brasil]]
* [[TRIP Linhas Aereas]]
* [[Varig]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_C&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Chile]]====
* [[Aero Cardal]]
* [[AeroEjecutiva]]
* [[Aerovias DAP]]
* [[Alpine Air Express Chile]]
* [[LAN Chile]]
* [[LANExpress]]
* [[Sky Airline]]

====[[Kolombia]]====
* [[Aerolineas de Antioquia]]
* [[AeroRepública]]
* [[Aerosucre Colombia]]
* [[Aerotaca]]
* [[Aires Colombia]]
* [[APSA - Aeroexpreso Bogota]]
* [[Avianca]]
* [[Heliandes]]
* [[Helicol]]
* [[Intercontinental de Aviacion]]
* [[Lineas Aereas Suramericanas]]
* [[SAM Colombia]]
* [[SATENA]]
* [[Searca Colombia]]
* [[West Caribbean Airways]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_D&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;Cite id=SA_E&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Ecuador]]====
* [[Aerogal]]
* [[Icaro Air]]
* [[LAN Ecuador]]
* [[SAEREO]]
* [[TAME (airline)|TAME]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_F&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[French Guiana]]====
* [[Air Guyane]]
====[[Falkland Islands]]====
* [[Falkland Islands Government Air Service|Falkland Islands Government Air Service (FIGAS)]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_G&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

====[[Guyana]]====
* [[Trans Guyana Airways]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_P&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Paraguay]]====
* [[ARPA - Aerolineas Paraguayas]]
* [[TAM Mercosur]]

====[[Peru]]====
* [[Aero Condor Peru]]
* [[Cielos del Peru]]
* [[LAN Peru]]
* [[Nuevo Continente]]
* [[Star Up]]
* [[TACA Peru]]
* [[TANS Peru]]
* [[Wayra Peru]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_S&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Surinam]]====
* [[Surinam Airways]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_U&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Uruguay]]====
* [[Aeromas]]
* [[Air Class Lineas Aereas]]
* [[Pluna]]
* [[Uair]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_V&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;
====[[Venezuela]]====
* [[Aero Ejecutivos]]
* [[Aeropostal Alas de Venezuela]]
* [[Aserca Airlines]]
* [[Avensa]]
* [[Avior Airlines]]
* [[Conviasa]]
* [[LAI - Linea Aerea IAACA]]
* [[LASER (airline)|LASER]]
* [[Linea Turistica Aerotuy]]
* [[Rutaca]]
* [[Santa Barbara Airlines]]
* [[Servivensa]]
* [[Sol America]]
* [[Sundance Air Venezuela]]
* [[Venezolana]]
* [[Vensecar Internacional]]
&lt;Cite id=SA_Z&gt; &lt;/cite&gt;

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://wikitravel.org/en/article/Travel_topics Wikitravel:Travel topics] - Advice for air travel

[[Jamii:Orodha|Airlines]]
[[Jamii:Kampuni ya ndege| ]]</text>
      <sha1>matct2cv7xcmio728q82ocz4jx6ivd2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nasaba</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15572</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241781</id>
      <parentid>881989</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:49:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="962" xml:space="preserve">'''Nasaba''' ikitumiwa kwenye masomo ya historia au siasa inataja ufuatano wa watawala hasa [[mfalme|wafalme]] katika familia moja. Mtoto wa mfalme huwa mfalme tena na kadhalika. 

Neno laweza kutaja pia kipindi cha historia ambako familia fulani ilitawala.

Kati ya nasaba za kifalme za leo ni hasa nasaba ya Matenno wa [[Japani]] iliyodumu muda mrefu. Tangu [[Tenno]] wa kwanza ni watawala 125 wanaohesabiwa katika familia hiyohiyo hadi [[Kaisari]] au Tenno [[Akihito]] wa leo.

Nasaba nyingine inyojulikana duniani ni [[Windsor]] na malkia [[Elizabeth II wa Uingereza]] ni wa nne katika nasaba hii nchini [[Uingereza]]. 

Katika [[Afrika]] familia ya wafalme wa [[Eswatini]] iko kati ya nasaba za kale zinazoendelea kutawala. 
Nasaba ya Suleimani iliyotawala [[Ethiopia]] tangu 1270 BK ilipinduliwa katika mapinduzi ya [[1974]]. 

Historia ya [[Misri ya Kale]] hupangwa kufuatana na nasaba 33 za ma[[farao]] wake hadi malkia [[Kleopatra]].

[[Jamii:Historia]]</text>
      <sha1>4gb7ev73kttm4spqhe9cs6g2s7vi0em</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Anne Boleyn</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18021</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241720</id>
      <parentid>990705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:49:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2527" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Anneboleyn2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Anne Boleyn]]
{{Wake sita wa Henry VIII}}
'''Anne Boleyn''' ([[1501]] au [[1507]] - [[19 Mei]] [[1536]] mjini [[London]]) alikuwa [[mke]] wa pili katika mlolongo wa wake [[sita]] wa [[mfalme]] [[Henry VIII]] wa [[Uingereza]]. [[Mtoto]] wake Elizabeth aliendelea baadaye kuwa [[malkia]] kwa [[jina]] la  [[Elizabeth I wa Uingereza]].

Henry VIII alimpenda Anne alipokuwa bado [[kijana]] mdogo. Lakini Anne alikataa kuwa [[hawara]] au mpenzi wa mfalme asipoolewa naye. [[Pendo]] lake kwa Anne lilimsababisha mfalme kutafuta [[talaka]] na mke wake wa kwanza [[Katarina wa Aragon]]. Pia alitaka kuachana naye kwa sababu hakumzalia mtoto wa kiume kama [[mrithi]] wa mfalme.

Henry alikataliwa kibali cha [[Papa wa Roma]] kwa talaka hii, akaamua kujitenga na usimamizi wa [[Papa]], akajitangaza kuwa mkuu wa [[Kanisa la Uingereza]] na [[Askofu|maaskofu]] wa kanisa hilo walimkubalia talaka.

Hapo Henry [[Ndoa|akamwoa]] Anne mwaka huohuo wa [[1532]]. Mwaka [[1533]] walimpata mtoto wa kwanza aliyekuwa binti Elizabeth. Mfalme alisikitika kukosa tena mtoto wa kiume. hata hakushiriki katika [[ubatizo]] wa mtoto, lakini alimtambua kama mtoto rasmi na mrithi wake.

Miaka [[1534]] na [[1536]] Anne aliharibikiwa [[mimba]]. Mfalme, baada ya kuona ya kwamba hatakuwa na mtoto wa kiume kwa njia ya Anne, alianza kuangalia [[wanawake]] wengine, akaanza kutafuta njia za kuachana naye, lakini aliogopa talaka ya pili.

Hapo watu wa [[mazingira]] ya mfalme walianza kutafuta [[shahidi|mashahidi]] kwa [[shtaka|mashtaka]] ya [[uwongo]] ya kuwa Anne alikuwa na mapenzi na watu wengine. Mfalme aliona hii kuwa njia ya kuachana na Anne bila talaka. [[Kesi]] ya Anne ilipelekwa mbele ya [[mahakama]] akashtakiwa kuvunja ndoa, kufanya mapenzi na kaka yake na kupanga kumwua mfalme. Mashtaka yale yote hayakuweza kuthibitishwa lakini mfalme alikaa kimya na mahakama ilitoa [[adhabu ya kifo|hukumu ya mauti]]. 

Anne Boleyn aliuawa tarehe 19 Mei 1536. Mfalme Henry VIII kwa nafasi hii alimchukua mnyongaji Jean Rombaud kutoka [[Ufaransa]] ambaye alitumia [[upanga]] baada ya [[shoka]] ya kawaida na kwa njia hii Anne aliweza kufa haraka na bila [[mateso]].

Mfalme aliendelea kumwoa mke wake wa tatu Jane Seymour, hadi wa sita bila kupata mtoto wa kiume alivyotamani.

Mtoto Elizabeth alikuwa bado mdogo lakini alilelewa mbali na [[mama]] na baadaye mke wa sita wa mfalme aliamua kumlea.

[[Jamii:Nasaba ya Tudor|Boleyn, Anne]]
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1507|Boleyn, Anne]]
[[Jamii:Waliofariki 1536|Boleyn, Anne]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241721</id>
      <parentid>1241720</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:50:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2522" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Anneboleyn2.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Anne Boleyn]]
{{Wake wa Henry VIII}}
'''Anne Boleyn''' ([[1501]] au [[1507]] - [[19 Mei]] [[1536]] mjini [[London]]) alikuwa [[mke]] wa pili katika mlolongo wa wake [[sita]] wa [[mfalme]] [[Henry VIII]] wa [[Uingereza]]. [[Mtoto]] wake Elizabeth aliendelea baadaye kuwa [[malkia]] kwa [[jina]] la  [[Elizabeth I wa Uingereza]].

Henry VIII alimpenda Anne alipokuwa bado [[kijana]] mdogo. Lakini Anne alikataa kuwa [[hawara]] au mpenzi wa mfalme asipoolewa naye. [[Pendo]] lake kwa Anne lilimsababisha mfalme kutafuta [[talaka]] na mke wake wa kwanza [[Katarina wa Aragon]]. Pia alitaka kuachana naye kwa sababu hakumzalia mtoto wa kiume kama [[mrithi]] wa mfalme.

Henry alikataliwa kibali cha [[Papa wa Roma]] kwa talaka hii, akaamua kujitenga na usimamizi wa [[Papa]], akajitangaza kuwa mkuu wa [[Kanisa la Uingereza]] na [[Askofu|maaskofu]] wa kanisa hilo walimkubalia talaka.

Hapo Henry [[Ndoa|akamwoa]] Anne mwaka huohuo wa [[1532]]. Mwaka [[1533]] walimpata mtoto wa kwanza aliyekuwa binti Elizabeth. Mfalme alisikitika kukosa tena mtoto wa kiume. hata hakushiriki katika [[ubatizo]] wa mtoto, lakini alimtambua kama mtoto rasmi na mrithi wake.

Miaka [[1534]] na [[1536]] Anne aliharibikiwa [[mimba]]. Mfalme, baada ya kuona ya kwamba hatakuwa na mtoto wa kiume kwa njia ya Anne, alianza kuangalia [[wanawake]] wengine, akaanza kutafuta njia za kuachana naye, lakini aliogopa talaka ya pili.

Hapo watu wa [[mazingira]] ya mfalme walianza kutafuta [[shahidi|mashahidi]] kwa [[shtaka|mashtaka]] ya [[uwongo]] ya kuwa Anne alikuwa na mapenzi na watu wengine. Mfalme aliona hii kuwa njia ya kuachana na Anne bila talaka. [[Kesi]] ya Anne ilipelekwa mbele ya [[mahakama]] akashtakiwa kuvunja ndoa, kufanya mapenzi na kaka yake na kupanga kumwua mfalme. Mashtaka yale yote hayakuweza kuthibitishwa lakini mfalme alikaa kimya na mahakama ilitoa [[adhabu ya kifo|hukumu ya mauti]]. 

Anne Boleyn aliuawa tarehe 19 Mei 1536. Mfalme Henry VIII kwa nafasi hii alimchukua mnyongaji Jean Rombaud kutoka [[Ufaransa]] ambaye alitumia [[upanga]] baada ya [[shoka]] ya kawaida na kwa njia hii Anne aliweza kufa haraka na bila [[mateso]].

Mfalme aliendelea kumwoa mke wake wa tatu Jane Seymour, hadi wa sita bila kupata mtoto wa kiume alivyotamani.

Mtoto Elizabeth alikuwa bado mdogo lakini alilelewa mbali na [[mama]] na baadaye mke wa sita wa mfalme aliamua kumlea.

[[Jamii:Nasaba ya Tudor|Boleyn, Anne]]
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1507|Boleyn, Anne]]
[[Jamii:Waliofariki 1536|Boleyn, Anne]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jane Seymour (mwigizaji)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18478</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241722</id>
      <parentid>1089512</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:52:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Jane Seymour]] hadi [[Jane Seymour (mwigizaji)]]: kutofautisha watu</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2005" xml:space="preserve">{{Mwigizaji 2
| jina          = Jane Seymour
| picha         = Jane Seymour 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg
| ukubwa wa picha = 220px
| maelezo ya picha = Jane Seymour 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg
| jina la kuzaliwa  = Joyce Penelope Wilhelmina Frankenberg
| tarehe ya kuzaliwa = {{birth date and age|1951|02|15|df=yes}}
| mahala pa kuzaliwa = [[Uingereza]] [[:en:Hayes, Hillingdon|Hayes]], [[London]], [[Uingereza]]
| tovuti      = [http://www.janeseymour.com/ www.janeseymour.com]
| ndoa        = Michael Attenborough (1971-1973) &lt;br&gt; Geoffrey Planer (1977-1978) &lt;br&gt; David Flynn (1981-1992) &lt;br&gt; James Keach (1993-)
}}
'''Jane Seymour OBE''' (jina la kuzaliwa: '''Joyce Penelope Wilhelmina Frankenberg'''; [[15 Februari]] [[1951]]) ni [[mwigizaji]] wa [[filamu]] wa [[Uingereza]]. Anafahamika zaidi kwa kucheza filamu ya [[James Bond]] - ''Live and Let Die'' na pia kucheza katika mfululizo wa kipindi cha [[TV]] cha ''Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman''.

==Filamu maarufu==
* ''Live and Let Die'' ([[1973]])
* ''Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger'' ([[1977]])
* ''Battlestar Galactica'' ([[1978]])
* ''Somewhere in Time'' ([[1980]])
* ''The Scarlet Pimpernel'' ([[1982]])
* ''Lassiter'' ([[1983]])
* ''Head Office'' ([[1985]])
* ''War and Remembrance'' ([[1988]])
* ''Wedding Crashers'' ([[2005]])

==Viungo vya nje==
{{Commons}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0005412|name=Jane Seymour}}
* {{tcmdb name|id=1422617|name=Jane Seymour}}
* {{ibdb name|id=81433|name=Jane Seymour}}
* {{tvtome person|id=26021|name=Jane Seymour}}
* [http://www.janeseymour.com/ Official website]
* [http://thewb.warnerbros.com/web/show_bio.jsp?id=MD-JSeymour Jane Seymour cast bio on The WB]
* [http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2005/aug2005_cover_seymour_01.htm Jane Seymour: Actress, Artist, and Heart-Health Activist]
* [http://www.somewhereintime.tv/ Official ''Somewhere In Time'' Website]
* [http://www.friendsofjane.com/ Official fan website (FriendsOfJane.com)]
{{Mbegu-igiza-filamu}}
{{BD|1951||Seymour, Jane}}
[[Jamii:Waigizaji filamu wa Uingereza]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Steers</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33371</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241756</id>
      <parentid>1148084</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T17:02:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Nchi (na wilaya) ambazo zina mikahawa ya Steers */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4894" xml:space="preserve">{{dablink|This article is about the South African fast food chain. For other uses, see [[Steer]].}}
{{wiktionary}}
{{Infobox Company
 | name             = Steers
 | logo             = [[Image:Steers logo.png|200px]]
 | type             = Franchise
 | genre            = Take-aways and Diners
 | ilipoanzishwa    = 1970
 | founder          = George Halamandaris
 | location_city    = Johannesburg, Midrand
 | location_country = South Africa
 | location         = 
 | locations        = 
 | area_served      = 
 | key_people       = 
 | industry         = Food and Beverage
 | products         = Fast food
 | services         = 
 | revenue          = 
 | operating_income = 
 | net_income       = 
 | assets           = 
 | equity           = 
 | owner            = 
 | num_employees    = 
 | parent           = 
 | divisions        = 
 | subsid           = 
 | slogan           = 
 | homepage         = 
 | footnotes        = 
 | intl             = 
}}
'''Steers'''  ni [[hoteli ya huduma ya haraka]] kutoka [[Afrika Kusini.]] Hasa inauza burgers za [[nyama]] na [[kuku]]wa kuchoma na [[vinywaji laini]] [[Chip]] sundries na mengine.


Steers 'ilianzishwa mwaka wa [[1960]] wakati muasisi wa kampuni, [[George Halamandaris]], alitembelea [[Marekani]] na kuamua kuwa angeweza kuleta dhanadhana ya chakula cha haraka nchini Afrika Kusini. Mkahawa wa kwanza wa Steersu lifunguliwa [[Jeppe, Johannesburg]] mwaka 1970. Mkahawa huo uliendelea kufungua mikahawa mingine kote nchinini afrika kusini na kuanzisha mikahawa ya kuingia na gari mwaka 1997 na utoaji wa huduma ya kuletewa chakula kokote ulipo kuanzia mwaka 2008. sasa Steers inapatikana kote Afrika ya Kusini na katika nchi nyingine saba katika [[Afrika]] na kusini mwa [[Ulaya.]]


Mwaka 1994, Kikundi cha Steers Holdings kiliorodheshwa kwenye [[JSE Securities Exchange]] na hisa zao zilikuwa zina uzwa 165c. Mwaka 2006, hisa hizo zilikuwa na thamani ya 400c. Kikundi hicho baadaye kilibadilisha jina na kuwa  ''Famous Brands,''  ambayo pia inajumuisha mikahawa mingine kama vile [[Wimpy, Debonairs Pizza, FishAways, House of Coffee, Brazil, Market Café, whistle Stop, tashas.]] Kuanzia mwaka 1985, bidhaa za Steers  , kama [[mchuzi]] , imekuwa iki uzwa katika maduka makubwa ya Afrika Kusini. 


==Slogans==

*It's that Good (kwa wakati huu)
*Flame grilled, it just tastes better
*It's that Good (Present)


==Bidhaa==
Mikahawa ya steers huwa ina wahudumia matajiri wa Afrika Kusini na huwauzia chakula cha bei ghali kinacho hitaji muda mwingi wa kutayarishwa.&lt;br&gt; 
Steers inauza burgers za nyama, mboga na kuku , sandwich, viazi vya kukaranga (vinanvyojulikana kama ''chips''  huko SA), vinywaji baridi, na Desserts. Huwa wanaweka mkazo mkubwa sana kwa vyakula vinavyo andamana kama:


• '''Breakfast on the run'''  (huwa ndani ya Pita: Bacon, yai, jibini, nyanya AU jibini, nyanya, yai na caramelized kitunguu)&lt;br&gt; 
• '''Good Guy'''  (grilled Burger na chips)&lt;br&gt;
• '''Hunga Busta''' &lt;br&gt;
• '''King-size deal'''  (huandaliwa na bun na chips: Two flame-grilled beef patties, slices mbili za jibini, nyanya na mchuzi maalum wa Steers )&lt;br&gt;
• '''Wacky Wednesday'''  


Miongoni mwa walaji wa Afrika Kusini, Steers inajulikana kwa ajili ya &quot;Wacky Wednesday&quot; maalumu; &quot;una pewa burger mbili kwa bei ya mmoja&quot; umaalumuwake ni kuwa ina uzwa tu Jumatano. Msingi asili ya &quot;Wacky Wednesday&quot; hubadilika kila mwezi.


==Nchi (na wilaya) ambazo zina mikahawa ya Steers==

*[[File:Flag of Angola.svg|22px|Angola]] [[Angola]]
*[[File:Flag of Botswana.svg|22px|Botswana]] [[Botswana]]
*[[File:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|22px|Pwani ya Pembe]] [[Pwani ya Pembe]]
*[[File:Flag of Eswatini.svg|22px|Eswatini]] [[Eswatini]]
*[[File:Flag of Kenya.svg|22px|Kenya]] [[Kenya]]
*[[File:Flag of Malawi.svg|22px|Malawi]] [[Malawi]]
*[[File:Flag of Mauritius.svg|22px|Mauritius]] [[Mauritius]]
*[[File:Flag of Mozambique.svg|22px|Msumbiji]] [[Msumbiji]]
*[[File:Flag of Namibia.svg|22px|Namibia]] [[Namibia]]
*[[File:Flag of Nigeria.svg|22px|Nijeria]] [[Nijeria]]
*[[File:Flag of Portugal.svg|22px|Ureno]] [[Ureno]]
*[[File:Flag of Senegal.svg|22px|Senegal]] [[Senegal]]
*[[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|22px|Afrika Kusini]] [[Afrika Kusini]]
*[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|22px|Sudan]] [[Sudan]]
*[[File:Flag of Tanzania.svg|22px|Tanzania]] [[Tanzania]]
*[[File:Flag of Uganda.svg|22px|Uganda]] [[Uganda]]
*[[File:Flag of Zambia.svg|22px|Zambia]] [[Zambia]]
*[[File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|22px|Zimbabwe]] [[Zimbabwe]]

==Viungo vya nje==

* [http://www.steers.co.za Tovuti Rasmi]
* [http://www.facebook.com/pages/Steers/22771033210 Facebook Group]
* [http://www.bizpages.co.za/cat/steers.html Orodha ya Steers mahoteli katika Afrika ya Kusini] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bizpages.co.za/cat/steers.html |date=20090802193501 }}


[[Category:Fast-food hamburger restaurants]]
[[Category:Fast-food chains of South Africa]]


{{restaurant-stub}}


{{user strathmore}}</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Orodha ya viongozi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33440</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241757</id>
      <parentid>1086554</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T17:08:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Kusini mwa Afrika */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29806" xml:space="preserve">{{TOC right}}
Hii ni '''orodha ya viongozi''' yaani watu wanaomiliki [[ofisi]] au nafasi za wakuu wa nchi, [[taifa]], [[serikali]] hadi maeneo ya kujitawala chini ya ngazi ya kitaifa.

[[Elimu ya utawala]] (kwa [[Kiingereza]] &quot;archontology&quot;) inafanya [[utafiti]] wa viongozi wa zamani na wa sasa.

Makundi mbalimbali huorodhesha kwa jina, kazi au mada: k.m. [[mawaziri]], [[chansela]], [[mkuu wa serikali]], [[mkuu wa nchi]], [[luteni gavana]], [[meya]], [[makamanda wa kijeshi]], [[waziri]], [[utaratibu wa utawala]], [[rais]], [[waziri mkuu]], [[katibu wa nchi]].

== Wakuu wa mashirika ya kimataifa ==
* [[Rais wa Tume ya Ulaya]]
* [[Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa]]
* [[Kamishna wa Umoja wa Mataifa kwa Wakimbizi]]
* Wakurugenzi Watawala wa [[IMF]]
* [[Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Shirika la Biashara Duniani]]
* Makatibu Watawala wa [[Nato]]
* [[Marais wa FIFA]]
* [[Marais wa kamati ya Olimpiki ya kimataifa]]

== Wakuu wa nchi au serikali ==

=== Afrika ===
==== Afrika Mashariki ====

* [[Burundi]]: [[Viongozi wa Burundi]]
* [[Jibuti]]: [[Viongozi wa Jibuti]]
* [[Eritrea]]: [[Viongozi wa Eritrea]]
* [[Ethiopia]]: [[Viongozi wa Ethiopia]]
* [[Kenya]]: [[Viongozi wa Kenya]]
* [[Komori]]: [[Watawala wa Komori]]
* [[Madagaska]]: [[Viongozi wa Madagaska]]
** [[Orodha ya Marais wa Madagaska]]
* [[Malawi]] (hapo awali [[Nyasaland]], [[British Central Africa Protectorate]])
** [[Wakuu wa Nchi ya Malawi]]
** [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Malawi]]
** [[Watawala wa Malawi]]
* [[Mauritius]]
** [[Marais wa Mauritius]]
** [[Magavana Wakuu wa Mauritius]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Mauritius]]
* [[Msumbiji]]
** [[Wakuu wa Nchi ya Msumbiji]]
** [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Msumbiji]]
* [[Rwanda]]
** [[Wafalme wa Rwanda]]
** [[Marais wa Rwanda]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Rwanda]]
* [[Shelisheli]]: [[Marais wa Shelisheli]]
* [[Somalia]]
** [[Marais wa Somalia]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Somalia]]
** [[Marais wa Somaliland]]
** [[Marais wa Puntland]]
* [[Tanzania]]
** [[Marais wa Tanzania]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Tanzania]]
** [[Marais wa Zanzibar]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Zanzibar]]
*** [[Magavana Wakuu wa Tanganyika]]
*** [[Masultani wa Zanzibar]]
* [[Uganda]]
** [[Magavana Wakuu wa Uganda]]
** [[Marais wa Uganda]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Uganda]]
** [[Wafalme wa Nkole]]
** Wafalme wa [[Buganda]]
* [[Zambia]]: [[Marais wa Zambia]]
* [[Zimbabwe]]: [[Marais wa Zimbabwe]]

==== Afrika ya Kati ====

* [[Angola]]
** [[Marais wa Angola]] 
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Angola]] 
** [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa Angola]]
* [[Kamerun]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Kamerun]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Kamerun]]
* [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
** [[Wakuu wa Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] (na [[Dola ya Afrika ya Kati]])
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] (na Dola ya Afrika ya Kati)
* [[Chad]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Chad]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Chad]]
* [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] (Zaire / Kongo-Kinshasa)
** [[Wakuu wa Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
** [[Wakuu wa Free State ya Congo]]
** [[Wakoloni wakuu wa Congo]]
*** Watawala wa Katanga
*** [[Watawala wa Kuba]]
*** [[Watawala wa Luba]]
*** [[Watawala wa Ruund (Luunda)]]
*** [[Watawala wa Kasongo Luunda (Yaka)]]
*** [[Watawala wa Kongo]]
*** [[Kongo]]
** [[Watawala wa Kongo]]
* [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] ([[Kongo-Brazzaville]])
** [[Wakuu wa Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Jamhuri ya Congo]]
* [[Guinea ya Ikweta]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Equitorial Guinea]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Equitorial Guinea]]
* [[Gabon]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Gabon]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Gabon]]
* [[São Tomé na Príncipe]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi wa Sao Tome na Príncipe]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya São Tomé na Príncipe]]

==== Kaskazini mwa Afrika ====

* [[Algeria]]
** [[Marais wa Algeria]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Algeria]] 
** [[Mauretania]]: [[Wafalme wa Mauretania]]
** [[Numidia]]: Wafalme wa Numidia
** Nasaba ya [[Hammadid]]
** Nasaba ya [[Rustamid]]
** Nasaba ya [[Ziyanid]]
* [[Misri]]
** [[Watawala wa Misri]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Misri]]
** [[Wakoloni wakuu wa Misri]]
** [[Farao]] wa Misri
** [[Nasaba za Misri]]
** [[Nasaba ya Bahri]] ya Misri
** [[Nasaba ya Burji]] ya Misri
** [[Nasaba Ayyubid]]
** Fatimid Caliphs, angalia ''[[Fatimid]]'' 
** [[Monarchs wa Nasaba ya Muhammad Ali]]
* [[Libya]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi wa Libya]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Libya]]
** [[Kurene]]: [[Wafalme wa Kurene]]
* [[Moroko]]
** [[Wafalme wa Moroko]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Moroko]]
** [[Nasaba ya Marinid]]
** [[Nasaba ya Almohad]]
** [[Nasaba ya Almoravid]] ya Moroko
** Wafalme wa [[Banu Isam]]
** Wafalme wa [[Berghouata]]
** Wafalme wa Nekor 
* [[Sudan]] 
** [[Marais wa Sudan]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Sudan]]
** Wafalme wa Makuria, taz. [[Makuria]] 
** Wafalme wa Sennar, taz. [[Ufalme wa Sennar]] 
** [[Kushi]]
*** [[Wafalme wa Kushi]]
* [[Tunisia]]
** [[Beys wa Tunis]]
** [[Marais wa Tunisia]]
** [[Carthage]]: [[Wafalme wa Carthage]]
** [[Aghlabid]] nasaba
** [[Hafsid nasaba]]
** [[Zirid]] nasaba ya Tunisia

==== Kusini mwa Afrika ====

* [[Botswana]] ([[Bechuanaland]] zamani)
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Botswana]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Botswana]]
* [[Eswatini]]
** [[Wafalme wa Eswatini]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Eswatini]]
* [[Lesotho]]
** [[Wafalme wa Lesotho]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Lesotho]]
* [[Namibia]]
** [[Marais wa Namibia]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Namibia]]
* [[Afrika Kusini]]
** [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Wazulu]]
** [[Magavana Wakuu wa Afrika ya Kusini]]
** [[Rais wa Afrika ya Kusini]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Afrika ya Kusini]]

==== Afrika Magharibi ====

* [[Benin]] (zamani [[Dahomey]])
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Benin]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Benin]]
* [[Burkina Faso]] 
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Burkina Faso]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Burkina Faso]] 
* [[Kamerun]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Kamerun]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu na Kiongozi wa Serikali ya Kamerun]]
** [[Viongozi wa kisiasa wa Kamerun]]
* [[Cabo Verde]]
** [[Wakuu wa jimbo la Cape Verde]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Cape Verde]] 
* [[Côte d'Ivoire]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Côte d'Ivoire]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Cote d'Ivoire]]
* [[Gambia]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Gambia]] 
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Gambia)]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Gambia]]
* [[Ghana]]: [[Viongozi wa Ghana]]
** [[Makaizari wa Ghana]]
* [[Guinea]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Guinea]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Guinea]]
* [[Guinea-Bissau]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Guinea-Bissau]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Guinea-Bissau]]
* [[Liberia]]
** [[Marais wa Liberia]]
** [[Mawakala na Magavana wa Liberia]]
* [[Mali]] 
** [[Wakuu wa Nchi ya Mali]]
** [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Mali]]
** Makaizari wa Mali, taz. [[Dola la Mali]] 
** Wafalme wa Mali, taz. [[Dola la Mansa]] 
** Songhai watawala, taz. [[Dola la Songhai]] 
* [[Mauritania]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Mauritania]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Mauritania]]
* [[Niger]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi wa Niger]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Niger]]
* [[Nijeria]]
** [[Magavana Wakuu wa Nigeria]]
** [[Marais wa Nigeria]]
* [[Senegal]]
** [[Marais wa Senegal]]
* [[Sierra Leone]]
** [[Magavana Wakuu wa Sierra Leone]]
** [[Marais wa Sierra Leone]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali wa Sierra Leone]]
* [[Togo]]
** [[Wakuu wa nchi ya Togo]]
** [[Wakuu wa serikali ya Togo]]

=== Amerika ===
==== [[Karibi]] ====

* [[Antigua na Barbuda]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Antigua na Barbuda]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Antigua na Barbuda]]
* [[Visiwa vya Bahama]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Bahamas]]
** [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Bahamas]]
* [[Barbados]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Barbados]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Barbados]]
* [[Cuba]]
** [[Marais wa Cuba]]
** [[Premiers ya Cuba]]
* [[Dominica|Dominika]]
** [[Marais wa Dominika]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Dominika]]
* [[Jamhuri ya Dominikana]]
** [[Marais wa Jamhuri ya Dominikana]]
* [[Grenada]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Grenada]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Grenada]]
** [[Ukoloni Wakuu wa Grenada]]
* [[Haiti]]
** [[Orodha ya Kifaransa Magavana ya Saint-Domingue]]
** [[Marais wa Haiti]]
* [[Jamaika]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Jamaika]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Jamaika]]
* [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Saint Kitts na Nevis]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Saint Kitts na Nevis]]
* [[Saint Lucia]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Saint Lucia]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Saint Lucia]]
* [[Saint Vincent na Grenadines]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Saint Vincent na Grenadini]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Saint Vincent na Grenadini]]
* [[Trinidad na Tobago]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Trinidad na Tobago]]
** [[Marais wa Trinidad na Tobago]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Trinidad na Tobago]]

==== Amerika ya Kati ====

* [[Belize]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Belize]]
** [[Mawaziri Belize]]
** Maya watawala wa Caracol, se [[Caracol|''Caracol'']] 
* [[Costa Rica]]
** [[Marais wa Costa Rica]]
* [[El Salvador]]
** [[Marais wa El Salvador]]
* [[Guatemala]]
** [[Marais wa Guatemala]]
** Maya watawala wa Tikal, se [[Tikal|''Tikal'']] 
* [[Honduras]]
** [[Marais ya Honduras]]
** Maya wafalme wa Xukpi, se [[Copán|''Copán'']] 
* [[Nikaragua]]
** [[Marais wa Nikaragua]]
* [[Panama]]
** [[Marais wa Panama]]

==== Amerika ya Kaskazini ====

* [[Kanada]]
** [[Ofisi ya wamiliki wa Kanada]]
* [[Meksiko]]
** [[Marais wa Meksiko]]
** [[Azteki]] watawala, se ''[[Hueyi Tlatoani]]'' 
** Maya watawala wa Calakmul, se [[Calakmul|''Calakmul'']] 
** Maya watawala wa Palenque, se [[Palenque|''Palenque'']] 
** Maya watawala wa Tonina, se [[Tonina|''Tonina'']] 
** [[Toltec]] watawala
** [[Ndiowalio wa New Uhispania]]
* [[Nchi ya Marekani]]
** [[Ofisi ya wamiliki wa Marekani]]

==== Amerika ya Kusini ====

* [[Ajentina]]
** [[Marais wa Ajentina]]
* [[Bolivia]]
** [[Marais wa Bolivia]]
* [[Brazili]]
** [[Brazil monarchs]]
** [[Marais wa Brazili]]
* [[Chile]]
** [[Marais wa Chile]]
** [[Wafalme wa Easter Island]]
** [[Royal Magavana wa Chile]]
* [[Kolombia]]
** [[Marais wa Kolombia]]
*** [[Orodha ya Magavana wa Idara ya Quindío]]
* [[Ekwado]]
** [[Marais wa Ecuador]]
** [[Wakuu wa Nchi wa Ecuador]]
* [[Guyana]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Kenya]]
** [[Marais wa Kenya]]
** [[Mawaziri Guyana]]
* [[Urugwai]]
** [[Marais wa Urugwai]]
* [[Paragwai]]
** [[Marais wa Paragwai]]
* [[Peru]]
** [[Marais wa Peru]]
** [[Inka]] n watawala, se ''[[Inka Dola]]'' 
** [[Ndiowalio ya Peru]]
* [[Surinam]]
** [[Marais wa Surinam]]
* [[Venezuela]]
** [[Marais wa Venezuela]]

=== Asia ===
==== Asia ya Kati ====

* [[Kazakhstan]]
** [[Göktürk]] kagans
* [[Kirgizia]]
** Khans wa Kara-Khitai, se [[Kara-Khitan Khanate|''Kara-Khitan Khanate'']] 
* [[Tajikistan]]
** [[Marais wa Tajikistan]]

==== Asia ya Mashariki ====

* [[Uchina]] 
** [[Kichina Sovereign]] s
** [[Meza ya Kichina monarchs]]
** [[Jamhuri ya Watu wa Uchina]]
*** [[Rais wa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Uchina]]
*** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Uchina]]
** [[Jamhuri ya China]] (Taiwan)
*** [[Rais wa Jamhuri ya China]]
*** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Jamhuri ya Uchina]]
*** Magavana na wenyeviti wa Taiwan, se [[Taiwan Region|''Taiwan Region'']] 
** &lt;cite id=&quot;Hong_Kong_and_Macao&quot;&gt; &lt;/cite&gt; [[Hong Kong]]
*** [[Gavana wa Hong Kong]] (chini ya utawala wa Uingereza, sasa badala by Chief Executive)
*** [[Afisa Mtendaji wa Hong Kong]]
** [[Macau]]
*** [[Gavana wa Macau]] 
*** [[Afisa Mtendaji wa Macau]]
** [[Tibet]]
*** [[Orodha ya Imperial ambans katika Tibet]]
** [[Orodha ya Kichina monarchs]] Uchina
** [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Tibet]] Uchina
* [[Ujapani]]
** [[Watawala wa Ujapani]] (Roma, manaibu, Shoguns na Mawaziri)
** [[Roma ya Ujapani]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Ujapani]]
** [[Ashikaga shogunate]]
** [[Kamakura shogunate]]
** [[Tokugawa shogunate]]
** [[Orodha ya Makaizari wa Ujapani]]
* [[Mongolia]]
** [[Grand Khan Mongolia]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Mongolia]]
* [[Korea]]
** [[Watawala wa Korea]]
** [[Korea ya Kaskazini]]
*** [[Marais wa Korea ya Kaskazini]]
*** [[Premiers wa Korea ya Kaskazini]]
** [[Korea ya Kusini]]
*** [[Marais wa Korea ya Kusini]]
** [[Watawala wa Korea]]
* [[Taiwan (Jamhuri ya China)]]
** Tazama ''Uchina'' hapo juu.

==== Kusini mashariki mwa Asia ====

* [[Brunei]]
** [[Masultani wa Brunei]]
* [[Kampuchea]]
** [[Mfalme wa Cambodia]]
** Khmer watawala, se [[Khmer Dola|''Khmer Dola'']] 
* [[Indonesia]]
** [[Marais wa Indonesia]]
** [[Majapahit]]
** [[Sailendra]]
** [[Srivijaya]]
** Wafalme wa Mataram, se [[Ufalme wa Mataram|''Ufalme wa Mataram'']] 
* [[Malaysia]]
** [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Tanzania]]
** Masultani wa Malacca, se [[Usultani wa Malacca|''Usultani wa Malacca'']] 
* [[Ufilipino]]
** Kihispania [[Royal Gavana wa Filipino]]
** American [[Gavana-Mkuu wa Filipino]]
** [[Marais wa Ufilipino]]
** [[Datu]] s, [[Raja]] s, na Masultan wa Philippine Islands, se ''[[Usultani wa Sulu]]''  na ''[[Historia ya Filipino]]'' 
* [[Singapore]]
** [[Rais wa Singapore]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Singapore]]
* [[Thailand]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Thailand]]
** [[Wafalme wa Thailand]]
** [[Chakri nasaba]]
** Wafalme wa Ayutthaya, se [[Ayutthaya Ufalme|''Ayutthaya Ufalme'']] 
** Wafalme wa Haripunchai, se [[Haripunchai|''Haripunchai'']] 
** Wafalme wa Lanna, se [[Lanna|''Lanna'']] 
** Wafalme wa Sukhothai, se [[Sukhothai ufalme|''Sukhothai ufalme'']] 
* [[Vietnam]]
** [[Kivietinamu dynasties]]
** [[Nguyen Dynasty]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu Vietnam]]
** Wafalme wa Vietnam, angalia [[Historia ya Vietnam|''Historia ya Vietnam'']] 
** [[Ly Dynasty]]
** [[Viongozi wa Vietnam Kusini]]

==== Southern Asia ====

* [[Afghanistan]]
** [[Afghanistan Mpito Administration personal]]
** [[Viongozi wa Afghanistan]]
** [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Afghanistan]]
*** [[Watawala wa Kabul]]
*** [[Watawala wa Herat]]
*** [[Watawala wa Kandahar]]
*** [[Watawala wa Peshawar]]
*** [[Watawala wa Ghazni]]
** Ghaznavid watawala, se [[Ghaznavid Dola|''Ghaznavid Dola'']] 
** [[Shahi]] nasaba
* [[Bangladesh]]
** [[Marais wa Bangladesh]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Bangladesh]]
* [[Bhutan]]
** [[Wafalme wa Bhutan]]
* [[India]]
** [[Rais wa Uhindi]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa India]]
** [[Magavana, Luteni Magavana na Administrators ya Marekani na Umoja Indian territorierna]]
** [[Mawaziri wakuu wa Indian Marekani]]
* [[Nepali]]
** [[Wafalme wa Nepal]]
* [[Sri Lanka]]
** [[Marais wa Sri Lanka]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Sri Lanka]]

==== Asia ya Magharibi ====

* [[Armenia]]
** [[Wafalme wa Urartu]]
** [[Orodha ya Wafalme Muarmeni]]
** [[Orodha ya Wafalme wa Ani]]
** [[Muarmeni Monarchs ya Ufalme wa Kilikia]]
** [[Shaddadid]] nasaba
* [[Kupro]]
** [[Wafalme wa Cypern]]
*** [[Maafisa wa Ufalme wa Cypern]]
* [[Georgia]]
** [[Orodha ya wafalme Kijiojia]]
** [[Bagrationi nasaba]]
** [[Emirs wa Tbilisi]]
* [[Iran]]
** [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Uajemi]]
*** [[Shah wa Iran]]
** [[Kiongozi mkuu wa Iran]]
** [[Rais wa Iran]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Iran]]
* [[Iraq]]
** [[Sumeri]]
*** [[Wafalme wa Sumeri]]
*** [[Watawala wa Lagash]]
** [[Akkad]]
*** [[Wafalme wa Akkad]]
** [[Gutian wafalme]]
** [[Wafalme wa Ashuru]]
** [[Wafalme wa Babeli]]
** Watawala wa [[Adiabene]]
** [[Abassid makhalifa]]
** [[Annazid]] nasaba
** [[Wafalme wa Iraq]]
** [[Rais wa Iraq]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Iraq]]
** [[Administrator raia wa Iraq]]
* [[Uyahudi]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Israeli]]
** [[Rais wa Israeli]]
** [[Watawala wa Israeli na Yuda]]
** [[Wafalme wa Israeli]]
** [[Wafalme wa Yuda]]
** [[Wafalme wa Yudea]]
** [[High Mapadre wa Israeli]]
** [[Crusader State]] s
** [[Wafalme wa Yerusalemu]]
*** [[Vassals ya Ufalme wa Yerusalemu]]
**** [[Wakuu wa Galilaya]]
***** [[Mabwana wa Toron]]
**** [[Makosa ya Jaffa na Ascalon]]
***** [[Mabwana wa Ramla]]
***** [[Mabwana wa Ibelin]]
**** [[Mabwana wa Oultrejordain]]
**** [[Mabwana ya Sidoni]]
*** [[Maafisa wa Ufalme wa Yerusalemu]]
* [[Yordani]] (zamani Transjordan)
** [[Wafalme wa Yordani]]
** [[Watawala wa Nabatea]]
* [[Kuwait]]
** [[Emirs ya Kuwait]]
** [[Al-Sabah]]
* [[Lebanon]]
** [[Marais wa Lebanon]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Lebanon]]
** [[Wafalme wa Tiro]]
** [[Makosa ya Tripoli]]
*** [[Walinzi wa County wa Tripoli]]
* [[Omani]] (Muscat zamani (na Omani))
** [[Masultani wa Omani]]
* [[Qatar]]
** [[Emirs wa Qatar]]
* [[Saudia]]
** [[Sharif wa Makka]]
** [[Wafalme wa Saudi Arabia]]
* [[Syria]]
** [[Marais wa Syria]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Syria]]
** [[Wafalme wa Shamu]]
** [[Watawala wa Dameski]]
** [[Zengid nasaba]]
** [[Wakuu wa Antiokia]]
*** [[Walinzi wa enzi wa Antiokia]]
** Emirs ya [[Shaizar]]
** [[Ghassanid]] wafalme
** [[Watawala wa Aleppo]]
** [[Hanilgalbat:]] Wafalme wa Hanilgabat, se ''[[Hanilgalbat]]''  na ''[[Mitanni]]'' 
** [[Wafalme wa Ugarit]]
* [[Uturuki]]
** [[Orodha ya wafalme wa Wahiti]]
** [[Wafalme wa Lydia]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Arzawa]]
** [[Wafalme wa Bithynia]]
** [[Wafalme wa Kapadokia]]
** [[Attalid Wafalme wa Pergamon]]
** [[Wafalme wa Ponto]]
** [[Wafalme wa Kommagene]]
** [[Wafalme wa Galatia]]
** [[Osroene]]
** [[Byzantine Roma]]
** [[Latin Makaizari wa Constantinople]]
** [[Himaya ya Trebizond]]
** [[Marwanid]] nasaba
** [[Makosa ya Edessa]]
** [[Masultani wa Seljuk rom]]
** [[Orodha ya Masultan wa Ottoman Empire]]
** [[Wazushi wa Ottoman Empire]]
** [[Marais wa Uturuki]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Uturuki]]
* [[Muungano wa Falme za Kiarabu]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Umoja wa Falme za Kiarabu]]
* [[Yemeni]]
** [[Marais wa Yemen]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Yemen]]
** [[Marais wa Yemen ya Kaskazini]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Yemen ya Kaskazini]]
** [[Marais wa Yemen ya Kusini]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Yemen ya Kusini]]

=== [[Ulaya]] ===
==== Ulaya ya Mashariki ====

* [[Belarus]]
** [[Orodha ya Kibelarusi watawala]]
* [[Jamhuri ya Cheki]]
** [[Bohemia]]
** [[Kicheki ardhi]]
** [[Watawala wa Bohemia (Kicheki ardhi)]]
** [[Marais wa Jamhuri ya Kicheki]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Jamhuri ya Kicheki]]
** [[Chekoslovakia]]
** [[Orodha ya Mawaziri Wakuu wa Chekoslovakia]]
** [[Orodha ya Marais wa Chekoslovakia]]
* [[Hungaria]]
** [[Orodha ya Hungarian watawala]]
** [[Orodha ya wakuu wa nchi wa Hungaria]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Hungaria]]
* [[Moldova]]
** [[Marais wa Moldova]]
** [[Mawaziri Moldavien]]
* [[Poland]]
** [[Kipolishi watawala, Timeline ya watawala wa Poland]]
** [[Polish Mawaziri]]
** [[Marais wa Poland]]
** [[Dukes ya Silesia]]
** [[Dukes ya Mazovia]]
** [[Dukes ya Greater Polen]]
** [[Dukes ya Leczyca]]
** [[Dukes ya Sieradz]]
** [[Orodha ya Kipolishi watawala]]
** [[Duchy ya Cieszyn]]
** [[Dukes ya Pomerania]]
* [[Romania]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Romania]]
** [[Marais wa Romania]]
** [[:Category:New-member-state European Commissioners|Kiromania kommissionsledamot]]
** [[Wafalme wa Romania]]
** [[CIOLOŞ wafalme]]
** [[Watawala wa Wallachia]]
** [[Watawala wa Moldavia]]
** [[Watawala wa Transylvania]]
* [[Urusi]] na [[Umoja]] wa [[Kisovyeti]]
** [[Orodha ya Kirusi watawala: Grand mapema Dukes na Tsars]]
** [[Viongozi wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]
** [[Rais wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Umoja wa Kisovyeti]]
** [[Rais wa Urusi]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Urusi]]
** Khans ya [[Golden Horde]]
** [[Orodha ya Kazan khans]]
** [[Orodha ya Khazar watawala]]
** [[Watawala wa Kievan Kirusi ']]
** [[Grand Prince wa Tver]]
* [[Slovakia]]
** [[Kihistoria watawala wa Slovakia]]
** [[Marais wa Slovakia]]
** [[Mawaziri Slovakia]]
** [[Viongozi wa bunge Slovakia]]
* [[Ukraina]]
** [[Watawala wa Kievan Kirusi ']]
** [[Orodha ya watawala wa Halych na Volhynia]]
** [[Hetmans ya Kiukreni Cossacks]]
** [[Orodha ya Crimean khans]]
** [[Rais wa Ukraine]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Ukraine]]

==== Ulaya ya Kaskazini ====

* [[Udani]]
** [[Wafalme wa Udeni]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Denmark]]
** [[Orodha ya dubious Kideni wafalme]]
** [[Faroe Islands]]
** [[Kifaroisi monarchs]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Visiwa vya Faroe]]
** [[Gavana wa Visiwa vya Faroe]]
** [[Greenland]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Greenland]]
** [[Magavana ya Greenland]]
** [[Inspektörer ya Greenland]]
* [[Estonia]]
** [[Kiestonia watawala]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Ulinzi wa Estland]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Estland]]
** [[Marais wa Estland]]
** [[Wazee wa jimbo Estland]]
* [[Finland]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Finland]]
** [[Rais wa Finland]]
** [[Kifini watawala]]
** [[Provincial Magavana wa Finland]]
* [[Iceland]]
** [[Marais wa Iceland]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Iceland]]
** [[Kiaislandi watawala]]
** Orodha ya lawspeakers, se [[Lawspeaker]]
* [[Ireland]]
** [[Viongozi wa Ireland]]
* [[Latvia]]
** [[Marais wa Lettland]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Lettland]]
* [[Lituania]]
** [[Orodha ya Kilithuania watawala]]
** [[Marais wa Litauen]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Litauen]]
* [[Norwe]]
** [[Wafalme wa Norwe]]
*** [[Mstari wa mfululizo wa Kinorwe Enzi]]
** [[Mawaziri Kinorwe]]
*** [[Orodha ya Kinorwe monarchs]]
*** Wafalme wa Agder, se [[Sørlandet|''Sørlandet'']] 
*** Wafalme wa [[Hadeland]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Hedmark]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Oppland]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Sogn]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Solør]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Toten]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Vestfold]]
*** Wafalme wa [[Vingulmark]]
*** Earls ya Lade, se [[Trøndelag|''Trøndelag'']] 
* [[Uswidi]]
** [[Swedish monarchs]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Uswidi]]
** [[Swedish Field wakuu]]
** [[County Magavana wa Uswidi]]
** [[Swedish semi-hadithi wafalme]]
** [[Wafalme wa Mythological Sverige]]
** [[Wafalme wa Geatland]]


* [[Uingereza: Orodha ya watawala wa Uingereza na aliyemtangulia majimbo]]

==== Ulaya ya Kusini ====

* [[Albania]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Albanien]]
** [[Marais wa Albanien]]
** [[Monarchs Albania]]
* [[Andorra]]
** [[Co-Princes ya Andorra]]
*** [[Askofu wa Urgell]]
* [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]]
** [[Orodha ya watawala wa Bosnia]]
* [[Bulgaria]]
** [[Kibulgaria monarchs]]
** [[Marais wa Bulgaria]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Bulgaria]]
** [[Wafalme wa Odrysia]]
** [[Thrace]]
** [[Moesia: magavana wa Kirumi Nedre Moesia]]
* [[Kroatia]]
** [[Orodha ya watawala wa Kroatia]]
** [[Marais wa Kroatia]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Kroatia]]
*** [[Magavana na Wakuu wa Nchi za Fiume]]
*** [[Wakuu wa Nchi za Krajina]]
*** [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Krajina]]
* [[Ugiriki]]
** [[Viongozi wa Ugiriki]]
* [[Italia]]
** [[Viongozi wa Italia]]
* [[Kosovo]]
** [[Marais wa Kosovo]]
* [[Malta]]
** [[Marais wa Malta]], 1974-hadi leo
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Malta]], 1921-1933, 1947-1958, 1962-hadi leo
** [[Monarchs wa Malta]], 1090-1798, 1800-1974
** [[Makosa ya Malta]], 1190-1427
** [[Grand Masters wa Malta]], 1530-1798
** [[Magavana na Magavana Mkuu wa Malta]], 1813-1974
** [[Nobility ya Malta]]
* [[Montenegro]]
** [[Watawala wa Montenegro]]
** [[Rais wa Montenegro]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Montenegro]]
* [[Ureno]]
** [[Kireno monarchs]]
** [[Duke Braganza]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Ureno]]
** [[Marais wa Ureno]]
** [[Orodha ya Kireno monarchs]]
* [[San Marino]]
** [[Maakida Regent wa San Marino]], 1900-hadi leo
** [[Maakida Regent wa San Marino, 1700-1900]]
** [[Maakida Regent wa San Marino, 1500-1700]]
** [[Maakida Regent wa San Marino, 1243-1500]]
* [[Serbia]]
** [[Marais wa Serbia]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Serbia]]
** [[Monarchs ya Serbia]]
** [[Orodha ya watawala wa Illyria]]
** [[Orodha ya Kisabia monarchs]]
** [[Wakuu wa Zeta]]
* [[Slovenia]]
** [[Marais wa Slovenia]]
** [[Waziri Mkuu wa Slovenia]]
* [[Uhispania]]
** [[Watawala wa Uhispania]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Uhispania]]
* [[Vatican City]]
** [[Mapapa]]
** [[Kardinali Katibu wa Jimbo]]

==== Ulaya ya Magharibi ====

* [[Austria]]
** [[Watawala wa Austria]]
** [[Watawala wa Austria]]
** [[Mawaziri wa kigeni wa Austria-Hungaria]]
** [[Mawaziri-Rais wa Austria]]
** Shirikisho [[Marais wa Austria]]
** [[Machansela wa Austria]] ([[Makamu Machansela wa Austria]])
** [[Habsburg]]
** [[Babenberg]]
** [[Margraves, dukes, na archdukes ya Austria]]
** Dukes ya Styria, se [[Styria (duchy)|''Styria (duchy)'']] 
** Dukes ya Carinthia, se [[Carinthia (duchy)|''Carinthia (duchy)'']] 
* [[Ubelgiji]]
** [[Ubelgiji monarchs]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Ubelgiji]]
** [[Habsburg magavana ya Uholanzi]]
** [[Waziri-Rais wa Mkoa Capital Brussels]]
** [[Orodha ya Mawaziri-Rais wa Flemish Marafiki]]
** [[Orodha ya Mawaziri-Rais wa Mkoa Kiwalloon]]
** [[Orodha ya Mawaziri-Rais wa Kifaransa Marafiki]]
** [[Orodha ya Mawaziri-Rais wa Kijerumani-akizungumza Marafiki]]
* [[Ufaransa]]: 
** [[Orodha ya Marais wa Ufaransa]]
** Viongozi wa Ufaransa
* [[Ujerumani]]
** [[Machansela wa Ujerumani]]
* [[Liechtenstein]]
** [[Wakuu wa Liechtenstein]]
** [[Liechtenstein Wakuu wa Serikali]]
* [[Luxemburg]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Luxembourg]]
** [[Grand Duke wa Luxemburg]]
** [[Orodha ya Counts na Dukes ya Luxemburg]]
* [[Monako]]
** [[Wakuu wa Monako]]
*** [[Mfululizo kwa Monegasque Enzi]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Nchi]]
* [[Uholanzi]]
** [[Kiholanzi Monarchy]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Uholanzi]]
** [[Habsburg magavana ya Uholanzi]]
** [[Low Nchi]] (Uholanzi, Ubelgiji):
** [[Watawala wa Frisia ya Mashariki]]
** [[Watawala wa Frisia]]
** [[Mkuu wa Orange]]
** [[Duke Brabant]]
** [[Mabwana na margraves ya Bergen op Zoom]]
** [[Dukes na makosa ya Guelders]]
** [[Duke wa Lower Lorraine]]
** [[Count wa Bouillon]]
** [[Count ya Flanders]]
** [[Count wa Hainaut]]
** [[Count wa Holland]]
** [[Makosa ya Leuven]]
** [[Askofu wa Utrecht]]
** [[Marquis ya Namur]]
* [[Uswisi]]
** [[Wajumbe wa Baraza Shirikisho Swiss]]
*** [[Rais wa Shirikisho]]
*** Wakuu wa Idara ya Ulinzi, Civil Protection na Michezo, se [[Jeshi ya Uswisi|''Jeshi ya Uswisi'']] 
*** Wakuu wa Idara ya Mambo ya Nje: tazama [[mahusiano ya Kimataifa ya Uswisi|''mahusiano ya Kimataifa ya Uswisi'']] 
*** Wakuu wa [[Idara ya Mambo ya]]
*** Wakuu wa [[Idara ya Fedha ya Shirikisho]]
*** Wakuu wa [[Shirikisho Idara ya Mazingira, MAELEZO, Nishati na Mawasiliano]]
*** Wakuu wa [[Shirikisho Idara ya Uchumi]]
*** Wakuu wa [[Shirikisho Idara ya Sheria na Polisi]]
** [[Shirikisho Machansela wa Uswisi]]
** [[Marais wa Baraza la Taifa Swiss]]
** [[Marais wa Baraza la Marekani Swiss]]
** [[Wajumbe wa Baraza la Taifa Swiss]]
** [[Wajumbe wa Baraza la Marekani Swiss]]
** [[Chief Justices wa Mahakama ya Uswis]]
** [[Marais wa Uswisi Diet]] (kabla ya 1848)

=== Oceania ===
==== Australasia ====

* [[Australia]]
** [[Monarchs wa Australia]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Australia]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Australia]]
*** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Australia]]
*** [[Naibu Mawaziri Wakuu wa Australia]]
*** [[Attornies Mkuu wa Australia]]
*** [[Mawaziri wa Ulinzi]]
*** [[Mawaziri wa Mambo ya Nje]]
*** [[Wahasibu wa Australia]]
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tr valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt;&lt;td&gt;

* [[Premiers wa New South Wales]]
* [[Premiers ya Queensland]]
* [[Premiers wa Australia Kusini]]
* [[Premiers ya Tasmania]]
* [[Premiers ya Victoria]]
* [[Waziri Mkuu wa Australia Magharibi]]
* [[Wakuu wa Serikali ya Kisiwa cha Norfolk]]
* [[Waziri Kiongozi wa Wilaya ya Kaskazini]]
* [[Waziri Kiongozi wa Australian Capital Territory]]
&lt;td&gt;

* [[Magavana wa New South Wales]]
* [[Magavana wa Queensland]]
* [[Magavana wa Australia Kusini]]
* [[Magavana wa Tasmania]]
* [[Magavana ya Victoria]]
* [[Gavana wa Australia Magharibi]]
* [[Tawala wa Wakuu wa Kisiwa cha Norfolk]]
* [[Administrator wa Wilaya ya Kaskazini]]
* [[Tawala wa Wakuu wa Jervis Bay]]
* [[Tawala wa Wakuu wa Australia Antaktika]]
* [[Tawala wa Wakuu wa Macquarie Island]]
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

* [[Cocos Islands]]
** [[Mfalme wa Cocos Islands]]
* [[New Zealand]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa New Zealand]]
** [[New Zealand Cabinet]]
*** [[Mawaziri wa New Zealand]]
*** [[Naibu Mawaziri wa New Zealand]]
*** [[Mawaziri wa Fedha]]
*** [[Mawaziri wa Mambo ya Nje]]
** [[Wasemaji wa Baraza la Wawakilishi]]
** [[Māori Wafalme na malkia]]

==== Melanesia ====

* [[Fiji]]
** [[Wenyeviti wa Fiji's Great Baraza la waheshimiwa]]
** [[Jaji Mkuu wa Fiji]]
** [[Ukoloni Magavana ya Fiji]]
** [[Fijian Wakuu wa Nchi]]
** [[Mawaziri wa kigeni Fiji]]
** [[Magavana Mkuu wa Fiji]]
** [[Nyumba ya Wawakilishi wa Fiji - uanachama sasa (2004)]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Mambo ya Fijian]]
** [[Marais wa Fiji]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Fiji]]
** [[Seneti ya Fiji - uanachama sasa (2004)]]
** [[Fijian wasemaji wa Baraza la Wawakilishi]]
** [[Makamu wa-Marais wa Fiji]]
* [[Papua Guinea Mpya]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Papua Guinea Mpya]]

==== Micronesia ====

* [[Nauru]]
** [[Marais wa Nauru]] 

==== Polynesia ====

* [[Cook Islands]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Visiwa vya Cook]]
* [[Samoa]]
** [[Samoan Wakuu wa Nchi]]
** [[Orodha ya Viongozi wa Samoa]]
** [[Wajumbe wa Baraza la manaibu ya Samoa]]
** [[Mawaziri Wakuu wa Samoa]]
** [[Jaji Mkuu wa Samoa]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Fedha Samoa]]
** [[Mawaziri wa Mambo ya Nje Samoa]]
** [[Mawaziri wa afya Samoa]]
** [[Mawaziri wa elimu Samoa]]
** [[Public Works Mawaziri wa Samoa]]
** [[Fono Aoao Faitulafono o Samoa - uanachama sasa (2006)]]

== Orodha nyingine ==
=== Mawaziri na wengineo ===

* [[Waziri wa Ulinzi]]
* [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa mazingira]]
* [[Waziri wa fedha]]
* [[Waziri wa kigeni]]
** [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa kigeni mwaka 1950]]
** [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa kigeni kwa mwaka 2002]]
** [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa kigeni mwaka 2003]]
** [[Orodha ya mawaziri wa kigeni mwaka 2004]]
* [[Waziri wa Mambo ya Ndani]]

=== Viongozi wa [[dini]] ===
==== [[Ukristo]] ====
* '''[[Anglikana]]''' 
** [[Askofu Mkuu wa Canterbury]]
** [[Orodha ya Maaskofu wakuu wa Canterbury]]
** [[Anglican Primates]]
* '''[[Kanisa Katoliki]]''' 
** [[Orodha ya Mapapa]]
* '''[[Madhehebu]] mengine''' 
** [[Mkuu]] wa [[Jeshi la Wokovu]]
** [[Msimamizi]] wa [[Kanisa la Muungano la Kanada]]
** [[Rais]] wa [[Wamormoni|Kanisa la Yesu Kristo la Watakatifu wa Siku za Mwisho]]

==== Uyahudi ====
* [[Marabi wakuu wa Israeli]]
* [[Marabi mkuu wa Uingereza]]

==== [[Uislamu]] ====
* [[Caliphate]]
* [[Shia Imam]]

==== [[Ubuddha]] ====
* [[Dalai Lama]]
* [[Panchen Lama]]
* [[Karmapa]]
* [[Shamarpa]]
* [[Sakya Trizin]]
* [[Supreme dume Thailand]]
* [[Supreme dume Cambodia]]
* [[Supreme dume Laos]]

==== Mengine ====
* [[Pontifices maximi]]

== Viungo vya nje ==
* [http://www.archontology.org/ Archontology, kwa Oleg Schultz]
* [http://www.rulers.org/ Watawala, na B. Schemmel] - kina orodha (ikijumuisha mikoa na viongozi wa kidini) kutoka 1700.
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/ Statesmen dunia, kwa Ben Cahoon]

{{Lists by country}}

[[Jamii:Orodha za watu]]</text>
      <sha1>nqqckg9yf6br1kyi99yjmu1y04oon71</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33571</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241780</id>
      <parentid>1048062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:42:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Orodha ya nchi na maeneo kufuatana na idadi ya wakazi */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6817" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Africa (orthographic projection).svg|right|300px]]
Hii ni '''orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na [[idadi]] ya watu''' (makadirio ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kwa [[mwaka]] [[2017]]). 

[[Misri]] yote imejumuishwa, ingawa sehemu ya eneo la Misri inapatikana [[Asia]]. 

[[Saint Helena]], ikiwa imekaribiana sana na [[Afrika]], imejumuishwa pia.

== Orodha ya nchi na maeneo kufuatana na idadi ya wakazi ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:right&quot;
|-
! Cheo || Nchi / Eneo || Wakazi || Marejeo
|-
| — ||align=left| '''''[[Dunia]]''''' || '''7,550,262,101'''||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| [http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/popclockworld.html ]
|-
| 1 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Nigeria.svg|left|30px]] [[Nigeria]] || 190,886,311 ||style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| 
|-
| 2 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|left|30px]] [[Ethiopia]] || 104,957,438
|-
| 3 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Egypt.svg|left|30px]] [[Misri]] || 97,553,151
|-
| 4 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || 81,339,988
|-
| 5 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tanzania.svg|left|30px]] [[Tanzania]] || 57,310,019 || style=&quot;font-size: 75%&quot;| &lt;ref&gt;Pamoja na [[Zanzibar]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 6 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of South Africa.svg|left|30px]] [[Afrika Kusini]] || 56,717,156
|-
| 7 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Kenya.svg|left|30px]] [[Kenya]] || 49,699,862
|-
| 8 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Uganda.svg|left|30px]] [[Uganda]] || 42,862,958
|-
| 9 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Algeria.svg|left|30px]] [[Algeria]] || 41,318,142
|-
| 10 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sudan.svg|left|30px]] [[Sudan]] || 40,533,330
|-
| 11 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Morocco.svg|left|30px]] [[Moroko]] || 35,739,580
|-
| 12 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Angola.svg|left|30px]] [[Angola]] || 31,624,264
|-
| 12 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mozambique.svg|left|30px]] [[Msumbiji]] || 29,668,834
|-
| 14 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Ghana.svg|left|30px]] [[Ghana]] || 28,833,629
|-
| 15 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Madagascar.svg|left|30px]] [[Madagaska]] || 25,570,895
|-
| 16 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg|left|30px]] [[Côte d'Ivoire]] || 24,294,750
|-
| 17 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cameroon.svg|left|30px]] [[Kamerun]] || 24,053,727
|-
| 18 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Niger.svg|left|30px]] [[Niger]] || 21,477,348
|-
| 19 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg|left|30px]] [[Burkina Faso]] || 19,193,382
|-
| 20 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Malawi.svg|left|30px]] [[Malawi]] || 18,622,104
|-
| 21 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mali.svg|left|30px]] [[Mali]] || 18,541,980
|-
| 22 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Zambia.svg|left|30px]] [[Zambia]] || 17,094,130
|-
| 23 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg|left|30px]] [[Zimbabwe]] || 16,529,904
|-
| 24 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Senegal.svg|left|30px]] [[Senegal]] || 15,850,567
|-
| 25 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Chad.svg|left|30px]] [[Chad]] || 14,899,994
|-
| 26 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Somalia.svg|left|30px]] [[Somalia]] || 14,742,523
|-
| 27 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guinea.svg|left|30px]] [[Guinea]] || 12,717,176
|-
| 28 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of South Sudan.svg|left|30px]] [[Sudan Kusini]] || 12,575,714
|-
| 29 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Rwanda.svg|left|30px]] [[Rwanda]] || 12,208,407
|-
| 30 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Tunisia.svg|left|30px]] [[Tunisia]] || 11,532,127
|-
| 31 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Benin.svg|left|30px]] [[Benin]] || 11,175,692
|-
| 32 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Burundi.svg|left|30px]] [[Burundi]] || 10,864,245
|-
| 33 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Togo.svg|left|30px]] [[Togo]] || 7,797,694
|-
| 34 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sierra Leone.svg|left|30px]] [[Sierra Leone]] || 7,557,212
|-
| 35 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Libya.svg|left|30px]] [[Libya]] || 6,374,616 
|-
| 36 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] || 5,260,750
|-
| 37 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Eritrea.svg|left|30px]] [[Eritrea]] || 5,068,831
|-
| 38 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Liberia.svg|left|30px]] [[Liberia]] || 4,731,906
|-
| 39 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg|left|30px]] [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] || 4,659,080
|-
| 40 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mauritania.svg|left|30px]] [[Mauritania]] || 4,420,184
|-
| 41 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Namibia.svg|left|30px]] [[Namibia]] || 2,533,794
|-
| 42 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Botswana.svg|left|30px]] [[Botswana]] || 2,291,661
|-
| 43 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Lesotho.svg|left|30px]] [[Lesotho]] || 2,233,339
|-
| 44 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of The Gambia.svg|left|30px]] [[Gambia]] || 2,100,568
|-
| 45 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Gabon.svg|left|30px]] [[Gabon]] || 2,025,137
|-
| 46 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg|left|30px]] [[Guinea-Bisau]] || 1,861,283
|-
| 47 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Eswatini.svg|left|30px]] [[Eswatini]] || 1,367,254
|-
| 48 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg|left|30px]] [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] || 1,267,689
|-
| 49 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Mauritius.svg|left|30px]] [[Morisi]] || 1,265,138||&lt;ref name=&quot;mau&quot;&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[Agalega]], [[Rodrigues (kisiwa)|Rodrigues]] na [[Cargados Carajos]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 50 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Djibouti.svg|left|30px]] [[Jibuti]] || 956,985
|-
| 51 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of France.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Réunion]] ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]])|| 876,562
|-
| 52 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Comoros.svg|left|30px]] [[Komori]] || 813,912
|-
| 53 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Western Sahara.svg|left|30px]] [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] || 552,628
|-
| 54 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Cape Verde.svg|left|30px]] [[Cabo Verde]] || 546,388
|-
| 55 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of France.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Mayotte]]  ([[eneo la ng'ambo la Ufaransa]]) || 253,045
|-
| 56 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg|left|30px]] [[São Tomé na Príncipe]] || 204,327
|-
| 57 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of the Seychelles.svg|left|30px]] [[Shelisheli]] || 94,737
|-
| 58 ||align=left| [[Picha:Flag of Saint Helena.svg|left|30px]] ''[[Saint Helena]]  ([[Eneo la ng’ambo la Uingereza]])|| 4,049 ||&lt;ref name=&quot;sh&quot;&gt;Pamoja na visiwa vya [[Ascension Island|Ascension]] na [[Tristan da Cunha]]&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
[[File:Africa densidade pop.svg|thumb|Ramani ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu.]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

==Angalia pia==
* [[Orodha ya nchi kufuatana na wakazi]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

{{Africa topics}}

[[Category:Orodha za Afrika]]
[[Category:Nchi za Afrika|*]]
[[Jamii:Orodha za kijiografia]]
[[Jamii:Demografia]]</text>
      <sha1>7sz810qjiqxbqoejapxc4gbskvi6mxn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Neli gunda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35846</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241779</id>
      <parentid>1202910</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T01:37:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2575" xml:space="preserve">&lt;!-- This article was auto-generated by [[User:Polbot]]. --&gt;
{{Uainishaji
| rangi = pink
| jina = Neli gunda
| picha = Scarlet chested sunbird.jpg
| upana_wa_picha = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha = Dume
| picha2 = Scarlet-chested sunbird (Chalcomitra senegalensis lamperti) female 2.jpg
| upana_wa_picha2 = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha2 = Jike
| himaya = [[Animalia]] (Wanyama)
| faila = [[Chordata]] (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)
| nusufaila = [[Vertebrata]] (Wanyama wenye uti wa mgongo)
| ngeli = [[Ndege|Aves]] (Ndege)
| oda = [[Passeriformes]] (Ndege kama [[shomoro]])
| familia_ya_juu = [[Passeroidea]]
| familia = [[Nectariniidae]] (Ndege walio na mnasaba na [[chozi]])
| jenasi = ''[[Chalcomitra]]''
| spishi = ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis|C. senegalensis]]''
| bingwa_wa_spishi = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1766)
| subdivision = '''Nususpishi 6:'''
* ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis acik|C. s. acik]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Robert Hartmann|Hartmann]], 1866&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis gutturalis|C. s. gutturalis]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Linnaeus, 1766)&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis lamperti|C. s. lamperti]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Anton Reichenow|Reichenow]], 1897)&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis proteus|C. s. proteus]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppell]], 1840)&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis saturatior|C. s. saturatior]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Reichenow, 1891)&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Chalcomitra senegalensis senegalensis|C. s. senegalensis]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Linnaeus, 1766)&lt;/small&gt;
| ramani = Chalcomitra senegalensis distribution map.png
| maelezo_ya_ramani = Msambao wa neli gunda
}}
{{Commons|Nectarinia senegalensis}}

'''Neli gunda ''' (''Nectarinia senegalensis'') ni spishi ya ndege ya familia ya [[Nectariniidae]].
Anapatikana nchini [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Angola]], [[Benini]], [[Botswana]], [[Burkinafaso]], [[Burundi]], [[Chadi]], [[Eritrea]], [[Eswatini]], [[Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Gine]], [[Ginebisau]], [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Kameruni]], [[Kenya]], [[Kodivaa]], [[Malawi]], [[Mali]], [[Moritania]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Namibia]], [[Nijeri]], [[Nijeria]], [[Rwanda]], [[Senegali]], [[Siera Leoni]], [[Sudani]], [[Tanzania]], [[Togo]], [[Uganda]], [[Uhabeshi]], [[Zambia]] na [[Zimbabwe]].

==References==
* BirdLife International 2004.  [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/52986/all Nectarinia senegalensis]{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.   [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ]  Downloaded on 26 Julai 2007.

[[Jamii:Shomoro na jamaa]]</text>
      <sha1>iygw92ggbytj8a9y9tae5b235326q8z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Swala pala</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>56093</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241758</id>
      <parentid>1217127</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T17:09:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8864" xml:space="preserve">{{Uainishaji
| rangi = #D3D3A4
| jina = Swala pala
| picha = Botswana Nxai Pan NP Impala Male.jpg
| upana_wa_picha = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha = Swala pala&lt;br&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(''Aepyceros melampus'')&lt;/sup&gt;
| himaya = [[Mnyama|Animalia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama)&lt;/small&gt;
| faila = [[Chordata]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)&lt;/small&gt;
| ngeli = [[Mammalia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyana wenye viwele wanaonyonyesha wadogo wao)&lt;/small&gt;
| oda = [[Artiodactyla]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wenye vidole viwili au vinne mguuni)&lt;/small&gt;
| nusuoda = [[Ruminantia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wanaocheua)&lt;/small&gt;
| familia = [[Bovidae]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama walio na mnasaba na [[ng'ombe]])&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_familia = [[John Edward Gray|J. E. Gray]], 1821
| nusufamilia = [[Aepycerotinae]] &lt;small&gt;(Swala pala)&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_nusufamilia = [[John Edward Gray|J. E. Gray]], 1872
| jenasi = ''[[Aepyceros]]''
| bingwa_wa_jenasi = [[Carl Jakob Sundevall|Sundevall]], 1847
| spishi = ''[[Aepyceros melampus|A. melampus]]''
| bingwa_wa_spishi = [[Martin Lichtenstein|Lichtenstein]], 1812
}}

'''Swala pala''' au '''swalapala''' (''Aepyceros melampus'' kutoka [[Kigiriki]] αιπος, ''aipos''  &quot;juu&quot; κερος, ''ceros''  &quot;pembe&quot; + ''melas''  &quot;nyeusi&quot; ''pous''  &quot;mguu&quot;) ni swala ambaye si mkubwa sana kutoka [[Afrika]]. Jina '''Impala''' ambalo ni jina la swala pala kwa [[Kiingereza]] linatoka kutoka lugha ya [[Kizulu]] na linamaanisha &quot;Swara&quot;. Wao hupatikana katika [[savana]] ''[[misitu]]'' nene nchini [[Kenya]], [[Tanzania]], [[Eswatini]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Namibia]] ya kaskazini, [[Botswana]], [[Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]], kusini mwa [[Angola]], kaskazini mashariki mwa [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Uganda]]. Swala pala wa kawaida wanaweza kupatikana katika idadi ya hadi 1,600,000 barani Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{IUCNlink|550}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Uainishaji ==
Hapo awali, wanataksonomia waliwaweka swala pala katika jamii sawa na [[swala]], [[Kuro (jenasi)|ndogoro]] na [[kongoni]]. Hata hivyo ilikuja kugunduliwa kwamba swala pala ni tofauti sana kutoka jamii hizi zote za swala ndiposa swala pala ikawekwa katika jamii yake yenyewe, ''Aepycerotini'', mtawalia. Jamii hii kwa sasa imepandishwa cheo kuwa nusufamilia kamili, Aepycerotinae.

Kwa kawaida [[nususpishi]] mbili hutofautishwa, ambazo huegemezwa na uchambuzi wa mitochondrial DNA.

* ''Aepyceros m. melampus'', Swala pala wa kawaida ([[w:Impala|Common Impala]])
* ''Aepyceros m. petersi'', Swala pala uso-mweusi ([[w:Impala|Black-faced Impala]])

== Mwonekano ==
[[Picha:impala ram.jpg|thumb|left|Swala pala dume kutoka Kruger National Park, Afrika ya Kusini.]]
Swala pala wana urefu wa kati ya sentimita 73 na 92. Wastani wa uzito wa swala pala wa kiume ni takriban kilo 46 hadi 76 huku swala pala wa kike wakiwa na uzito wa takriban kilo 37 hadi 50. Rangi yao kwa kawaida ni nyekundu na kahawia (ndiposa wakapewa jina la Kiafrikana la ''&quot;Rooibok&quot;'' ), wana ubavu mwepesi na tumbo nyeupe alama &quot;M&quot; katika ngozi zao. Swala pala wa kiume, ambao wana jina sawa kama wa kondoo waume, wana pembe zinazofanana kama aina fulani ya chombo cha muziki kinachojulikana kama 'lyre' kwa lugha ya kimombo, na zinaweza kufikia urefu wa sentimita 90. Swala pala wa kike, ambao wana jina sawa na kondoo wa kike, hawana pembe.

=== Swala pala weusi ===
Swala pala weusi, hupatikana katika maeneo machache sana barani Afrika, na aina ya swala pala hawa ni nadra sana na wana mwili ambao ni mweusi. Hifadhi ya wanyama ya kibinafsi ya Botlierskop Binafsi nchini Afrika Kusini ina zaidi ya swala pala weusi 150 na hata zaidi ya swala pala wekundu. Wanyama hawa wanaweza kufomu makundi makubwa ya zaidi ya swala pala 100, lakini kwa kawaida idadi ya mkusanyiko wao huwa 20. Kidude cha ukoo kinachopatikana katika swala pala huwapa rangi yao.

== Mazingira ==
Swala pala ni miongoni mwa spishi ambao wametamalaki katika aina nyingi za [[savana]]. Wanaweza kukabiliana na mazingira tofauti kwa kuwa walaji wa nyasi katika baadhi ya maeneo. Wao hula majani na nyasi wakati rangi ya majani na nyasi ni kijani na ambao unakuwa.  

Vikundi vya swala pala hutumia maeneo maalumu kwa matumizi yao. Swala pala huwa hodari wakati wote wa usiku na mchana na wanategemea maji. Mifugo ni huashiria kwa kawaida kuwa kuna maji karibu. Swala pala wanaweza kustawi katika maeneo ambayo walaji nyasi pekee hawezi kuishi.

[[Picha:Impala ewe behind.jpg|thumb|left|Swala pala mke kutoka kwa Kruger National Park, Afrika ya Kusini.]]

Swala pala hurukaruka huku na huko ili kuwavuruga wanyama ambao wanaweza kuwala. Wao wanaweza kuruka kwa umbali wa zaidi ya mita 10 (futi 33) na urefu wa mita 3 (futi 9). [[Chui]], [[duma]], [[simba]] na [[mbwa mwitu]] ndio wanyama ambao huwawinda Swala pala. Swala pala wanaweza kufikia kasi ambao wastani wake ni maili 50 hadi 55 kwa saa moja (kilomita 80 hadi 90 kwa saa moja)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.safari-photo.org/zebrei.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-01-19 |archivedate=2010-04-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420004811/http://www.safari-photo.org/zebrei.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ili kuwaepuka wanyama ambo wanaweza kuwala.

== Muundo wa kijamii na uzazi ==
Swala pala wa kike na swala pala wale wachanga kufomu vikundi vya swala pala mia moja au mia mbili. Wakati wa chakula upo kwa wingi, swala pala wazima wa kiume wataimarisha wilaya na kuwazunguka swala pala wa kike na kuwafukuza swala pala wa kike ambao si wa jamii ya kundi hilo, pamoja na wanyama wengine ambao wanaweza kuwala. Pia wao huwafukuza swala pala wa kiume wengine ambao wamebalehe. Swala pala wa kiume hujaribu kuzuia swala pala yeyote wa kike anayejaribu kuondoka katika wilaya ambao walikuwa wameutenga. Katika misimu wa ukavu, wilaya hizi hutelekezwa na kuachwa kwani vikundi hivi vya swala pala husafiri mbali ili kutafuta chakula. Vikundi vikubwa vya swala pala huanzishwa na hujumuisha swala pala wa kike na wa kiume.

Swala pala vijana wa kiume ambao wamefanywa kuacha vikundi vyao vya awali hufomu kundi yao ya karibu takriban swala pala thelathini binafsi. Swala pala wa kiume ambao wanaweza kutawala na kutamalaki vikundi vyao huwa wagombeaji kwa ajili ya kuchukua udhibiti wa wilaya zao.

[[Picha:impalajump.jpg|thumb|left|Swala pala kurukaruka huku nchini Kenya.]]

Msimu wa kuzaana wa swala pala, ambao pia hujulikana kama [[rutting]] kwa lugha ya Kiingereza, huanza wakati unaelekea mwisho wa msimu wa mvua mwezi wa Mei. Mambo haya yote kwa kawaida hudumu kwa muda wa takriban wiki tatu. Huku swala pala wachanga wakizaliwa baada ya miezi saba, mama yao ana uwezo wa kuchelewa kujifungua kwa ''nyongeza'' ya mwezi moja kama hali ni mbaya. Wakati wa kujifungua swala pala wa kike hujitenga mwenyewe kutoka katika kundi ya swala pala wengine licha ya jitihada mbalimbali ya swala pala wa kiume kumzuia kuondoka katika wilaya yao. Swala pala wa kike ambaye amekuwa mama kumweka mwanawe aliyezaliwa katika doa kwa siku chache au hata kumwacha mwanawe mafichoni kwa siku, wiki kadhaa au zaidi kabla ya kurudi kwa kundi la swala pala wenzake. Wanawe wachanga watajiunga na kikundi cha swala pala wengine na watakwenda kwa mamao tu wakati kuna shida au wakati wana njaa na wanahitaji kula. Swala pala wachanga hunyonya matiti ya mamao kwa muda wa kati ya miezi 4 hadi 6. Swala pala wa kike ambao hukomaa wanalazimika kujiondoa katika kikundi hicho na kujiunga na kundi mpya ya swala pala ya wanaume pekee.

== Hifadhi ya picha ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Group of Impala.jpg| Swala pala wa kike
File:Aepyceros melampus petersi.jpg| Vikundi vya swala pala wa kike
File:Impala leaping from water.jpg|Swala pala anarukaruka kutoka kwa maji
File:impala.JPG|Kundi la swala pala nchini Afrika Kusini
File:Aepyceros_melampus.jpg|Swala pala nchini Zambia
File:Aepyceros melampus (Sigean).jpg|Swala pala wa kiume
File:Rooibok.jpg|Swala pala wa kike
File:104 2033SenegalAntilopes.jpg|Swala pala wa kike
File:Impala_en_Tanzanie.JPG| Kundi la swala pala nchini Tanzania 
File:Impala_(xndr).JPG|Swala pala wa kike
File:Impala_Etosha.JPG|Swala pala wa kiume akabiliana changamoto, katika sehemu ya Etosha, Namibia
File:Cheetah_with_impala_kill.jpg|Duma hutegemea swala pala na mamalia wengine kama chakula (Mbuga ya kitaifa ya Masai Mara , Kenya)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

== Marejeo ==
* Estes, R. (1991). The Behavior Guide Mamalia Afrika, Including Hoofed Mamalia, Carnivores, Primates. Los Angeles, The University of California Press 
* [http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/impala African Wildlife Fundation - Impala]
* [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Aepyceros_melampus/more_info.html Arkive - Swala pala] {{Wayback|url=http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Aepyceros_melampus/more_info.html |date=20081202124255 }}

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Wikispecies|Aepyceros}}
{{Commons category|Aepyceros}}
* [http://www.awf.org/wildlives/143 Swala pala: muhtasari kutoka African Wildlife Foundation]
{{Artiodactyla|R.2}}
[[Jamii:Swala]]
[[Jamii:Wanyama wa Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>2kbg7mp5hgxun3metl7vx3mqfgkaba3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241801</id>
      <parentid>1241758</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T07:26:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ChriKo</username>
        <id>35</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nususpishi katika sanduku</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9273" xml:space="preserve">{{Uainishaji
| rangi = #D3D3A4
| jina = Swala pala
| picha = Botswana Nxai Pan NP Impala Male.jpg
| upana_wa_picha = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha = Swala pala wa kawaida&lt;br&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(''Aepyceros m. melampus'')&lt;/sup&gt;
| picha2 = Aepyceros melampus petersi ♂.jpg
| upana_wa_picha2 = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha2 = Swala pala uso-mweusi&lt;br&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(''Aepyceros m. petersi'')&lt;/sup&gt;
| himaya = [[Mnyama|Animalia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama)&lt;/small&gt;
| faila = [[Chordata]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)&lt;/small&gt;
| ngeli = [[Mammalia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyana wenye viwele wanaonyonyesha wadogo wao)&lt;/small&gt;
| oda = [[Artiodactyla]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wenye vidole viwili au vinne mguuni)&lt;/small&gt;
| nusuoda = [[Ruminantia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wanaocheua)&lt;/small&gt;
| familia = [[Bovidae]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama walio na mnasaba na [[ng'ombe]])&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_familia = [[John Edward Gray|J. E. Gray]], 1821
| nusufamilia = [[Aepycerotinae]] &lt;small&gt;(Swala pala)&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_nusufamilia = [[John Edward Gray|J. E. Gray]], 1872
| jenasi = ''[[Aepyceros]]''
| bingwa_wa_jenasi = [[Carl Jakob Sundevall|Sundevall]], 1847
| spishi = ''[[Aepyceros melampus|A. melampus]]''
| bingwa_wa_spishi = [[Martin Lichtenstein|Lichtenstein]], 1812
| subdivision = '''Nususpishi 2:'''
* ''[[Aepyceros melampus melampus|A. m. melampus]]'' &lt;small&gt;Lichtenstein, 1812&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Aepyceros melampus petersi|A. m. petersi]]'' &lt;small&gt;[[José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage|Bocage]], 1879&lt;/small&gt;
}}

'''Swala pala''' au '''swalapala''' (''Aepyceros melampus'' kutoka [[Kigiriki]] αιπος, ''aipos''  &quot;juu&quot; κερος, ''ceros''  &quot;pembe&quot; + ''melas''  &quot;nyeusi&quot; ''pous''  &quot;mguu&quot;) ni swala ambaye si mkubwa sana kutoka [[Afrika]]. Jina '''Impala''' ambalo ni jina la swala pala kwa [[Kiingereza]] linatoka kutoka lugha ya [[Kizulu]] na linamaanisha &quot;Swara&quot;. Wao hupatikana katika [[savana]] ''[[misitu]]'' nene nchini [[Kenya]], [[Tanzania]], [[Eswatini]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Namibia]] ya kaskazini, [[Botswana]], [[Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]], kusini mwa [[Angola]], kaskazini mashariki mwa [[Afrika Kusini]] na [[Uganda]]. Swala pala wa kawaida wanaweza kupatikana katika idadi ya hadi 1,600,000 barani Afrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{IUCNlink|550}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Uainishaji ==
Hapo awali, wanataksonomia waliwaweka swala pala katika jamii sawa na [[swala]], [[Kuro (jenasi)|ndogoro]] na [[kongoni]]. Hata hivyo ilikuja kugunduliwa kwamba swala pala ni tofauti sana kutoka jamii hizi zote za swala ndiposa swala pala ikawekwa katika jamii yake yenyewe, ''Aepycerotini'', mtawalia. Jamii hii kwa sasa imepandishwa cheo kuwa nusufamilia kamili, Aepycerotinae.

Kwa kawaida [[nususpishi]] mbili hutofautishwa, ambazo huegemezwa na uchambuzi wa mitochondrial DNA.

* ''Aepyceros m. melampus'', Swala pala wa kawaida ([[w:Impala|Common Impala]])
* ''Aepyceros m. petersi'', Swala pala uso-mweusi ([[w:Impala|Black-faced Impala]])

== Mwonekano ==
[[Picha:impala ram.jpg|thumb|left|Swala pala dume kutoka Kruger National Park, Afrika ya Kusini.]]
Swala pala wana urefu wa kati ya sentimita 73 na 92. Wastani wa uzito wa swala pala wa kiume ni takriban kilo 46 hadi 76 huku swala pala wa kike wakiwa na uzito wa takriban kilo 37 hadi 50. Rangi yao kwa kawaida ni nyekundu na kahawia (ndiposa wakapewa jina la Kiafrikana la ''&quot;Rooibok&quot;'' ), wana ubavu mwepesi na tumbo nyeupe alama &quot;M&quot; katika ngozi zao. Swala pala wa kiume, ambao wana jina sawa kama wa kondoo waume, wana pembe zinazofanana kama aina fulani ya chombo cha muziki kinachojulikana kama 'lyre' kwa lugha ya kimombo, na zinaweza kufikia urefu wa sentimita 90. Swala pala wa kike, ambao wana jina sawa na kondoo wa kike, hawana pembe.

=== Swala pala weusi ===
Swala pala weusi, hupatikana katika maeneo machache sana barani Afrika, na aina ya swala pala hawa ni nadra sana na wana mwili ambao ni mweusi. Hifadhi ya wanyama ya kibinafsi ya Botlierskop Binafsi nchini Afrika Kusini ina zaidi ya swala pala weusi 150 na hata zaidi ya swala pala wekundu. Wanyama hawa wanaweza kufomu makundi makubwa ya zaidi ya swala pala 100, lakini kwa kawaida idadi ya mkusanyiko wao huwa 20. Kidude cha ukoo kinachopatikana katika swala pala huwapa rangi yao.

== Mazingira ==
Swala pala ni miongoni mwa spishi ambao wametamalaki katika aina nyingi za [[savana]]. Wanaweza kukabiliana na mazingira tofauti kwa kuwa walaji wa nyasi katika baadhi ya maeneo. Wao hula majani na nyasi wakati rangi ya majani na nyasi ni kijani na ambao unakuwa.  

Vikundi vya swala pala hutumia maeneo maalumu kwa matumizi yao. Swala pala huwa hodari wakati wote wa usiku na mchana na wanategemea maji. Mifugo ni huashiria kwa kawaida kuwa kuna maji karibu. Swala pala wanaweza kustawi katika maeneo ambayo walaji nyasi pekee hawezi kuishi.

[[Picha:Impala ewe behind.jpg|thumb|left|Swala pala mke kutoka kwa Kruger National Park, Afrika ya Kusini.]]

Swala pala hurukaruka huku na huko ili kuwavuruga wanyama ambao wanaweza kuwala. Wao wanaweza kuruka kwa umbali wa zaidi ya mita 10 (futi 33) na urefu wa mita 3 (futi 9). [[Chui]], [[duma]], [[simba]] na [[mbwa mwitu]] ndio wanyama ambao huwawinda Swala pala. Swala pala wanaweza kufikia kasi ambao wastani wake ni maili 50 hadi 55 kwa saa moja (kilomita 80 hadi 90 kwa saa moja)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.safari-photo.org/zebrei.html |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2011-01-19 |archivedate=2010-04-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100420004811/http://www.safari-photo.org/zebrei.html }}&lt;/ref&gt; ili kuwaepuka wanyama ambo wanaweza kuwala.

== Muundo wa kijamii na uzazi ==
Swala pala wa kike na swala pala wale wachanga kufomu vikundi vya swala pala mia moja au mia mbili. Wakati wa chakula upo kwa wingi, swala pala wazima wa kiume wataimarisha wilaya na kuwazunguka swala pala wa kike na kuwafukuza swala pala wa kike ambao si wa jamii ya kundi hilo, pamoja na wanyama wengine ambao wanaweza kuwala. Pia wao huwafukuza swala pala wa kiume wengine ambao wamebalehe. Swala pala wa kiume hujaribu kuzuia swala pala yeyote wa kike anayejaribu kuondoka katika wilaya ambao walikuwa wameutenga. Katika misimu wa ukavu, wilaya hizi hutelekezwa na kuachwa kwani vikundi hivi vya swala pala husafiri mbali ili kutafuta chakula. Vikundi vikubwa vya swala pala huanzishwa na hujumuisha swala pala wa kike na wa kiume.

Swala pala vijana wa kiume ambao wamefanywa kuacha vikundi vyao vya awali hufomu kundi yao ya karibu takriban swala pala thelathini binafsi. Swala pala wa kiume ambao wanaweza kutawala na kutamalaki vikundi vyao huwa wagombeaji kwa ajili ya kuchukua udhibiti wa wilaya zao.

[[Picha:impalajump.jpg|thumb|left|Swala pala kurukaruka huku nchini Kenya.]]

Msimu wa kuzaana wa swala pala, ambao pia hujulikana kama [[rutting]] kwa lugha ya Kiingereza, huanza wakati unaelekea mwisho wa msimu wa mvua mwezi wa Mei. Mambo haya yote kwa kawaida hudumu kwa muda wa takriban wiki tatu. Huku swala pala wachanga wakizaliwa baada ya miezi saba, mama yao ana uwezo wa kuchelewa kujifungua kwa ''nyongeza'' ya mwezi moja kama hali ni mbaya. Wakati wa kujifungua swala pala wa kike hujitenga mwenyewe kutoka katika kundi ya swala pala wengine licha ya jitihada mbalimbali ya swala pala wa kiume kumzuia kuondoka katika wilaya yao. Swala pala wa kike ambaye amekuwa mama kumweka mwanawe aliyezaliwa katika doa kwa siku chache au hata kumwacha mwanawe mafichoni kwa siku, wiki kadhaa au zaidi kabla ya kurudi kwa kundi la swala pala wenzake. Wanawe wachanga watajiunga na kikundi cha swala pala wengine na watakwenda kwa mamao tu wakati kuna shida au wakati wana njaa na wanahitaji kula. Swala pala wachanga hunyonya matiti ya mamao kwa muda wa kati ya miezi 4 hadi 6. Swala pala wa kike ambao hukomaa wanalazimika kujiondoa katika kikundi hicho na kujiunga na kundi mpya ya swala pala ya wanaume pekee.

== Hifadhi ya picha ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Group of Impala.jpg| Swala pala wa kike
File:Aepyceros melampus petersi.jpg| Vikundi vya swala pala wa kike
File:Impala leaping from water.jpg|Swala pala anarukaruka kutoka kwa maji
File:impala.JPG|Kundi la swala pala nchini Afrika Kusini
File:Aepyceros_melampus.jpg|Swala pala nchini Zambia
File:Aepyceros melampus (Sigean).jpg|Swala pala wa kiume
File:Rooibok.jpg|Swala pala wa kike
File:104 2033SenegalAntilopes.jpg|Swala pala wa kike
File:Impala_en_Tanzanie.JPG| Kundi la swala pala nchini Tanzania 
File:Impala_(xndr).JPG|Swala pala wa kike
File:Impala_Etosha.JPG|Swala pala wa kiume akabiliana changamoto, katika sehemu ya Etosha, Namibia
File:Cheetah_with_impala_kill.jpg|Duma hutegemea swala pala na mamalia wengine kama chakula (Mbuga ya kitaifa ya Masai Mara , Kenya)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

== Marejeo ==
* Estes, R. (1991). The Behavior Guide Mamalia Afrika, Including Hoofed Mamalia, Carnivores, Primates. Los Angeles, The University of California Press 
* [http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/impala African Wildlife Fundation - Impala]
* [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Aepyceros_melampus/more_info.html Arkive - Swala pala] {{Wayback|url=http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Aepyceros_melampus/more_info.html |date=20081202124255 }}

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Wikispecies|Aepyceros}}
{{Commons category|Aepyceros}}
* [http://www.awf.org/wildlives/143 Swala pala: muhtasari kutoka African Wildlife Foundation]
{{Artiodactyla|R.2}}
[[Jamii:Swala]]
[[Jamii:Wanyama wa Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>cbs5lzbl9zz94tg6hm5628przw48zdj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mkuu wa dola</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>57045</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241769</id>
      <parentid>1027206</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T23:06:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Mkuu wa Dola katika Ufalme */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3536" xml:space="preserve">'''Mkuu wa dola''' (pia: '''Mkuu wa nchi''') wa [[nchi]] ni kiongozi mwenye cheo kikuu. Lakini si lazima ya kwamba mkuu wa dola ana madaraka mengi sana. Hali inategemea na [[katiba]] ya nchi na utaratibu wake wa kisiasa. Pia si lazima ya kwamba nafasi ya mkuu wa [[dola]] inashikwa na mtu mmoja kwa sababu madaraka yake yanaweza kukabidhiwa pia kwa kamati ya viongozi.

{{Utendaji}}
 
== Mkuu wa Dola katika Jamhuri ==
Katika mfumo wa [[jamhuri]] ya kisasa mkuu wa dola mara nyingi ni [[rais]] aliyechaguliwa na wananchi wote au na [[bunge]]. 

Kimsingi kuna aina mbili za wakuu wa dola katika mfumo huu
* rais ni mkuu wa nchi na pia mkuu wa serikali jinsi ilivyo [[Marekani]], [[Tanzania]] na pia katika nchi nyingi za Afrika (serikali ya kiraisi).
* rais ni mkuu wa nchi asiyeshughulika mambo ya serikali jinsi ilivyo [[Ujerumani]] au [[Uhindi]] (serikali ya kibunge) akiwa hasa mwakilishi mkuu wa taifa.

Katika mfumo wa pili rais anaweza kuwa na madaraka muhimu hasa wakati [[waziri mkuu]] au [[serikali]] iko matatani au baada ya uchaguzi. Mara nyingi rais huwa na kazi ya kumkabidhi kiongozi wa chama kikubwa wajibu wa kuanzisha serikali na kutafuta kibali cha wabunge. Lakini kama hakuna chama kikubwa baada ya uchaguzi au ahieleweki kiongozi yupi atafaulu kukusanya wabunge wengi kwa kuunda serikali kuna nafasi ya rais ya kumteua kiongozi na kumpa nafasi.

Mfumo wa tatu ulipatikana zaidi katika historia ni kamati kama mkuu wa dola. Siku hizi inapatikana katika [[Uswisi]] (viongozi 7 wa serikali wanaobadilishana kila baada ya mwaka), [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] (marais 3 kutoka kila dola la shirikisho wanaobadilishana baada ya miezi 8) na jamhuri ya [[San Marino]] (maraisi 2 kwa pamoja wanoitwa &quot;capitani reggenti&quot;). [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] si dola kamili kwa hiyo hakuna mkuu wa dola lakini kuna uraisi unaoshikwa na serikali za mataifa wanachama yote kwa kubadilishana zamu za miezi 6.

Katika nchi nyingi rais ana pia nguvu ya [[veto]] juu ya sheria zilizopitishwa na bunge. Hii ni pamoja na nchi ambako sheria zote au sheria kadhaa zinapaswa kutiwa saini na rais baada ya kupitishwa na bunge. Rais akikataa azimio la bungo haiwi sheria. Ama inarudi bungeni au [[mahakama kuu]] inapaswa kutoa azimio.

== Mkuu wa Dola katika Ufalme ==
Katika nchi zilizo chini ya muundo wa [[ufalme]] (pamoja na [[emirati]], [[usultani]] au [[utemi]]) mkuu wa dola anaitwa [[mfalme]] au [[sultani]] n.k. 

Hapa kuna pia viwango vya madaraka kwa mfalme vinavyofanana na nafasi ya rais katika jamhuri.

Katika historia mara nyingi wafalme walikuwa na madaraka makubwa sana wakiunganisha uongozi wa serikali pamoja na nafasi ya hakimu mkuu na pia madaraka ya kidini. 

Siku hizi kuna wafalme wachache tu ambao ni watawala wanaoshika madaraka yote ya serikali na hawabanwi na katiba katika utekelezaji wa utawala wao. Mifano yake ni wafalme au masultani wa [[Saudia]], [[Omani]], [[Qatar]], [[Eswatini]], [[Brunei]] na [[Papa]] kama mkuu wa [[Dola la Vatikani]]. 
 
Lakini wafalme wengi wako chini ya utaratibu wa katiba ya nchi na mara nyingi wana nafasi inayolingana na rais katika mfumo wa serikali ya kibunge. Katika nchi hizi sheria na maazimio ya mahakama yanaweza kutangazwa kwa &quot;jina la mfalme&quot; lakini hali halisi kiongozi mwenye madaraka makubwa ni waziri mkuu kama kiongozi wa serikali aliyechaguliwa au kuthebitishwa na wabunge wengi. Katika [[Ufalme wa Maungano]] (Uingereza) malkia inatangaza kila mwaka shabaha za serikali bungeni lakini hali halisi anasoma tu hotuba iliyoandikwa na waziri mkuu.

[[Jamii:Siasa]]
[[Jamii:Serikali]]</text>
      <sha1>467op2gany5rz6aa75a8utlv2i7ufiq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gesi asilia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>57306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241752</id>
      <parentid>1068427</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:45:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Uzalishaji */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="68352" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Gesi asilia nchi kwa nchi.jpg|thumb|350px|Uzalishaji wa gesi asilia duniani]]
'''Gesi asilia''' ni [[gesi]] inayopatikana katika [[ardhi]] na inayotumiwa na [[binadamu]] kama [[fueli]]. 

==Tabia za gesi asilia==
[[Kemia|Kikemia]] ni mchanganyiko wa [[gesi]] mbalimbali kama [[methani]] zilizotokana na kuoza kwa [[mata ogania]] kama [[mimea]] ya miaka mingi iliyopita.

Gesi asilia inapatikana katika ardhi yenye [[mwamba]] wenye vinyweleo vingi ulioko chini ya ganda la mwamba imara zaidi unaozuia gesi kupanda juu zaidi. 

Ni fueli kisukuu ambayo ni muhimu kwa matumizi ya kibinadamu katika [[injini]] za kutengeneza [[umeme]] na pia kwa kuongeza [[joto]] katika [[nyumba]] za [[watu]] kwenye nchi zenye [[baridi]].

Kwa matumizi ya kibinadamu gesi asilia hukamatwa kwenye chanzo chake. Baadaye inasafishwa kwa kuondoa [[maji]] na [[hidrokaboni]] mbalimbali ili kufikia kiwango cha juu cha [[methani]] cha [[asilimia]] 90 na zaidi&lt;ref&gt;[http://naturalgas.org/overview/background/ Background], naturalgas.org, iliangaliwa Juni 2019&lt;/ref&gt;. Baada ya kusafishwa inafaa kusafirishwa katika [[bomba|mabomba]] kwa [[kilomita]] mamia au maelfu hadi pale inapogawiwa kwa watumiaji.

Kama hakuna mabomba pale gesi inapozalishwa gesi inabadilishwa kuwa [[gesi miminika]], kwa kuipoza hadi [[sentigredi]] -161[[°C]] (chini ya [[sifuri]]). Katika hali hiyo gesi ni miminika inachukua nafasi ndogo tu. Husafirishwa kwa [[meli]] zinazobeba [[tangi]] zinazopoozwa na kupokewa katika [[bandari]] maalumu zenye [[vifaa]] vya kutunzia gesi hii baridi.

==Chanzo cha gesi na petroliamu==
&lt;small&gt;(linganisha: [[Mafuta_ya_petroli#Chanzo_cha_mafuta_ya_petroli|Chanzo cha mafuta ya petroli]])&lt;/small&gt;

Mara nyingi gesi asilia hutokea mahali pamoja na [[mafuta ya petroli]] ([[petroliamu]]) kwa sababu [[dutu]] hizo [[mbili]] zilitokea pamoja kwenye [[tako la bahari]] kutokana na [[Viumbehai|viumbe]] vya [[algae]] na [[planktoni]]. 

[[Bahari]] imejaa viumbe vidogo hivi ambavyo vinashuka chini hadi tako la bahari baada ya kufa. Huko haviweza kuoza kama kawaida kutokana na ukosefu wa [[oksijeni]], hivyo hubadilika kuwa ganda la [[tope ogania]]. Baada ya miaka [[milioni]] ganda la tope hufunikwa na mashapo kama [[mchanga]] utakaokuwa mwamba. Chini ya funiko hilo tope ogania hupokea shinikizo kubwa pia joto na hivyo [[molekuli]] zinazojenga [[mwili]] wa algae hupasuliwa kuwa safu za [[hidrokaboni]]. Zile zilizo nzito zinakaa chini kama mafuta na sehemu nyepesi zinapanda juu ya mafuta kama gesi. Hapo gesi inashikwa na tabaka la mwamba imara linalozuia kupanda kwake. Kama tabaka la namna hiyo halipo hakuna gesi tena maana yote imeshapotea kwa kupanda juu na kuingia [[Hewa|hewani]] muda mrefu uliopita.

Kikemia mafuta yale sawa na gesi asilia ni hasa mchanganyiko wa [[hidrokaboni]] mbalimbali lakini gesi huwa na molekuli nyepesinyepesi tofauti na mafuta yenye molekuli nzitonzito.

Chini ya ardhi gesi ambayo ni nyepesi hupatikana juu ya mafuta. Wakati akiba ya gesi na petroliamu chini ya ardhi hutobolewa kwa [[keekee]] gesi inatangulia kuondoka. Zamani [[Kampuni|makampuni]] yaliyotafuta petroliamu yalichoma gesi bila kuitumia lakini siku hizi [[thamani]] kubwa ya gesi imetambuliwa.

Gesi asilia inasafirishwa kutoka mahali inapopatikana ama kwa meli za pekee au kwa mabomba makubwa ya kimataifa.

==Uzalishaji==
Mnamo [[mwaka]] [[2004]] takriban [[mita]] za [[mjao]] [[bilioni]] 589 zilizalishwa. Zilitosheleza [[asilimia]] 24 za mahitaji ya [[nishati]] duniani. Nchi zinazozalisha gesi nyingi [[duniani]] kwa sasa ni [[Urusi]] na [[Marekani]]. Urusi ina pia akiba kubwa duniani maana kuna bado kiasi kikubwa sana ya gesi chini ya ardhi. Lakini nyingine zenye akiba kubwa ni nchi zilizopo kando ya [[Ghuba la Uajemi]] ambazo ni [[Uajemi]], [[Qatar]], [[Saudia]] na [[Falme za Kiarabu]]. 

Gesi hukatamwa kwenye chanzo chake, kusafishwa halafu kusafirishwa kwa [[njia ya bomba]] hadi watumiaji au hadi bandari inapowekwa kwenye meli za tangi. Kwa kawaida gesi asilia ama hugandamizwa kuwa miminika kwa ajili ya usafirishaji kwenye mabomba. 

{| class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot;
|- bgcolor=&quot;#ececec&quot; valign=top
! Nchi!! Akiba zilizothebitishwa &lt;br&gt; (millioni m³)!!Tarehe !! Uzalishaji &lt;br&gt; (million m³) !! Tarehe !! Matumizi &lt;br&gt; (millioni m³) !! Tarehe !! [[mahuruji]] &lt;br&gt; (millioni m³)!! Tarehe !! [[madhuhuli]] &lt;br&gt; (millioni m³) !! Date
|-
| ''Dunia'' || '''175,400,000''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''3,021,000'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,198,000'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''929,900'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''957,600'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007
|-
| [[Urusi]] || '''44,650,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  1'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''654,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  1'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''481,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  2'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''173,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  1'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''68,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  5'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007 
|-
| [[Uajemi]] || '''26,850,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  2'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''111,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  4'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''111,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  3'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  25'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  27'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Qatar]] || '''25,630,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  3'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''59,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  14'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''20,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  33'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''39,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  7'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Saudia]] || '''7,167,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  4'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''75,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  8'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''75,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  9'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Falme za Kiarabu]] || '''6,071,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  5'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''48,790'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  17'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''43,110'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  16'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''6,848'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  24'' || 2005 est. || '''1,343'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  46'' || 2005
|-
| [[Marekani]] || '''5,977,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  6'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''593,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  1'' || 2009 est. || '''646,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  1'' || 2009 est. || '''23,280'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  10'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''130,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  1'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Nigeria]] || '''5,210,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  7'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''34,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  22'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''12,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  41'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''21,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  11'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Venezuela]] || '''4,708,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  8'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''26,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  26'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''26,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  28'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Algeria]] || '''4,502,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  9'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''85,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  6'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''26,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  29'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''59,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  4'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Iraq]] || '''3,170,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  10'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''15,660'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  32'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''9,454'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  46'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kazakhstan]] || '''2,832,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  11'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''27,880'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  25'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''30,580'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  26'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''8,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  23'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''10,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  17'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Turkmenistan]] || '''2,832,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  12'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''68,880'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  11'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''19,480'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  35'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''49,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  6'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Indonesia]] || '''2,659,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  13'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''56,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  15'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''23,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  30'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''32,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  8'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] || '''2,476,000''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''197,800'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''497,300'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''NA'''&lt;br&gt; || NA || '''NA'''&lt;br&gt; || NA
|-
| [[Malaysia]] || '''2,350,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  14'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''64,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  13'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''32,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  23'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''31,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  9'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[China]] || '''2,265,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  15'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''69,270'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  10'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''70,510'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  10'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''5,360'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  26'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,871'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  34'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Norwei]] || '''2,241,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  16'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''99,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  5'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''6,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  52'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''85,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  3'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uzbekistan]] || '''1,841,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  17'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''65,190'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  12'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''51,180'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  13'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''14,010'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  15'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Misri]] || '''1,656,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  18'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''47,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  18'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''31,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  24'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''15,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  14'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kanada]] || '''1,648,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  19'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''187,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  3'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''92,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  6'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''107,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  2'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''13,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  15'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007 
|-
| [[Kuwait]] || '''1,586,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  20'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''12,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  37'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''12,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  42'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Libya]] || '''1,419,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  21'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''14,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  33'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''6,390'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  53'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''9,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  21'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uholanzi]] || '''1,416,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  22'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''76,330'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  7'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''46,420'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  14'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''55,660'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  5'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''25,730'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  12'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ukraine]] || '''1,104,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  23'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''21,050'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  29'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''66,320'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  12'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''4,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  28'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''65,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  6'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007 
|-
| [[Uhindi]] || '''1,075,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  24'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''31,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  23'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''41,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  18'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''10,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  21'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Azerbaijan]] || '''849,500''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  25'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''9,770'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  41'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''9,770'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  45'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2005
|-
| [[Australia]] || '''849,500''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  26'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''43,620'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  20'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''29,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  27'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''19,910'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  12'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''5,689'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  28'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Oman]] || '''849,500''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  27'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''24,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  28'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''11,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  44'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''13,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  16'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Pakistan]] || '''792,800''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  28'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''30,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  24'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''30,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  25'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bolivia]] || '''750,400''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  29'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''14,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  34'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  71'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''11,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  18'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Trinidad na Tobago]] || '''481,300''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  30'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''39,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  21'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''20,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  32'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''18,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  13'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Yemen]] || '''478,500''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  31'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Argentina]] || '''446,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  32'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''44,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  19'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''44,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  15'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  31'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  44'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007 
|-
| [[Ufalme wa Maungano]] (Uingereza) || '''412,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  33'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''72,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  9'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''91,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  7'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''10,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  19'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''29,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  11'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Meksiko]] || '''392,200''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  34'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''55,980'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  16'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''68,290'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  11'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,973'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  29'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''11,690'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  16'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Brunei]] || '''390,800''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  35'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''13,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  35'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''3,990'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  62'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''9,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  22'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Brazil]] || '''347,700''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  36'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''9,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  40'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''19,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  34'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''10,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  20'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Peru]] || '''334,700''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  37'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''3,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  50'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''3,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  67'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008
|-
| [[Thailand]] || '''331,200''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  38'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''25,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  27'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''35,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  21'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''9,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  22'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Burma]] || '''283,200''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  39'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''12,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  36'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''3,620'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  64'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''9,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  20'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Angola]] || '''269,800''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  40'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''680'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  65'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''680'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  90'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ujerumani]] || '''254,800''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  41'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''17,960'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  30'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''97,440'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  5'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''12,220'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  17'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''88,350'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  3'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Syria]] || '''240,700''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  42'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''6,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  46'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''4,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  58'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''NA'''&lt;br&gt; || NA || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Papua Guinea Mpya]] || '''226,500''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  43'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''140'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  75'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''140'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  97'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Timor-Leste]] || '''200,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  44'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Vietnam]] || '''192,500''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  45'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''6,860'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  45'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,860'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  50'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Poland]] || '''164,800''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  46'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''6,025'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  47'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''16,380'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  38'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''45'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  38'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''10,120'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  19'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bangladesh]] || '''141,600''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  47'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''15,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  31'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''15,700'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  39'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Cameroon]] || '''135,100''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  48'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''20'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  86'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''20'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  106'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Msumbiji]] || '''127,400''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  49'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''1,650'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  59'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''1,450'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  81'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2005 est. || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Colombia]] || '''122,900''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  50'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''7,220'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  44'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''7,220'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  49'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ufilipino]] || '''98,540''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  51'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''2,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  56'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''2,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  77'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Chile]] || '''97,970''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  52'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''1,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  58'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,200'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  59'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  39'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Italia]] || '''94,150''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  53'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''9,706'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  42'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''84,890'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  8'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''68'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  37'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''73,950'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  4'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bahrain]] || '''92,030''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  54'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''11,330'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  39'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''11,330'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  43'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]] || '''90,610''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  55'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''180'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  71'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''180'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  95'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Sudan]] || '''84,950''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  56'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kuba]] || '''70,790''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  57'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''1,218'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  62'' || 2007 || '''1,218'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  85'' || 2007 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Denmark]] || '''70,510''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  58'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''9,223'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  43'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,555'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  57'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,517'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  27'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Tunisia]] || '''65,130''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  59'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''2,550'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  53'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''3,850'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  63'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2005
|-
| [[Romania]] || '''63,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  60'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''12,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  38'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''17,090'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  37'' || 2007 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,800'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  29'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Namibia]] || '''62,290''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  61'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Rwanda]] || '''56,630''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  62'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Korea Kusini]] || '''50,000''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  63'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''640'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  67'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''37,000'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  19'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''34,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  10'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Afghanistan]] || '''49,550''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  64'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''20'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  85'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''20'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  105'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Serbia]] || '''48,140''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  65'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''650'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  66'' || 2005 est. || '''2,550'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  72'' || 2005 est. || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2005 est. || '''2,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  41'' || 2004 est.
|-
| [[Kroatia]] || '''40,900''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  66'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''2,892'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  52'' || 2007 || '''3,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  68'' || 2007 || '''751.7'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  33'' || 2007 || '''1,055'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  49'' || 2007
|-
| [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] || '''36,810''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  67'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''1,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  60'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''1,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  83'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Israel]] || '''30,440''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  68'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''2,350'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  55'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''2,270'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  74'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[New Zealand]] || '''29,670''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  69'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''4,573'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  48'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,572'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  56'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Gabon]] || '''28,320''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  70'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  77'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  99'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Mauritania]] || '''28,320''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  71'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Cote d'Ivoire]] || '''28,320''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  72'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''1,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  61'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''1,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  84'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ethiopia]] || '''24,920''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  73'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ghana]] || '''22,650''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  74'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Japan]] || '''20,900''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  75'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''3,729'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  49'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''100,300'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  4'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''95,620'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  2'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Austria]] || '''16,140''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  76'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''1,848'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  57'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''8,436'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  48'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,767'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  30'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''9,658'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  23'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Slovakia]] || '''14,160''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  77'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''128'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  76'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,216'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  54'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''180'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  35'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,268'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  26'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ireland]] || '''9,911''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  78'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''457'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  68'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,984'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  55'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,552'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  31'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ecuador]] || '''9,369''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  79'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''280'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  70'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''280'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  93'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Georgia]] || '''8,495''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  80'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''10'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  89'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,490'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  80'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,480'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  45'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uturuki]] || '''8,495''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  81'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''893'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  64'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''36,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  20'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''31'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  39'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''35,830'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  8'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Hungaria]] || '''8,098''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  82'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''2,545'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  54'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''13,360'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  40'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''138'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  36'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''10,450'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  18'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[France]] || '''7,277''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  83'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''953'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  63'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''42,690'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  17'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''966'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  32'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''42,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  7'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Tanzania]] || '''6,513''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  84'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''146'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  74'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''146'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  96'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Taiwan]] || '''6,229''' &lt;br&gt; || 2008 || '''416'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''13,600'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''10,900'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007
|-
| [[Jordan]] || '''6,031''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  85'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''320'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  69'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''2,250'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  76'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  40'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bulgaria]] || '''5,663''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  86'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,500'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  65'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''3,229'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  37'' || 2007
|-
| [[Somalia]] || '''5,663''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  87'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Tajikistan]] || '''5,663''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  88'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''16'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  88'' || 2008 || '''542.7'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  91'' || 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2008 || '''512.7'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  53'' || 2008
|-
| [[Kyrgyzstan]] || '''5,663''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  89'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''18'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  87'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''768'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  89'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''750'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  52'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ucheki]] || '''3,964''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  90'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''172'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  72'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''8,622'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  47'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''402'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  34'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''8,628'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  24'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Guatemala]] || '''2,960''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  91'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Belarus]] || '''2,832''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  92'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''164'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  73'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''21,760'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  31'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''21,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  13'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Hispania]] || '''2,548''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  93'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''88'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  78'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''34,430'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  22'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''34,470'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  9'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ugiriki]] || '''1,982''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  94'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''24'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  84'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,069'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  61'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  32'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Moroko]] || '''1,557''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  95'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''60'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  79'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''60'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  101'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Benin]] || '''1,133''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  96'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] || '''991.1''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  97'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Albania]] || '''849.5''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  98'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''30'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  82'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''30'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  103'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Barbados]] || '''141.6''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  99'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''29.17'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  83'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''29.17'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  104'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Afrika Kusini]] || '''27.16''' &lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  100'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''2,900'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  51'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''3,100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  70'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2005
|-
| [[Macau]] || '''0.3''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''81.6'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''81.9'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008
|-
| [[Aruba]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Botswana]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ubelgiji]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''17,390'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  36'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''17,340'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  14'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Solomon]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Morisi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Mali]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Masedonia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''100'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  100'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''102.8'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  56'' || 2007
|-
| [[Malawi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Montserrat]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Mongolia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Moldova]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''50'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  80'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''2,440'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  73'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,440'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  38'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Madagaska]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Lithuania]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,440'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  66'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,440'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  35'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Zimbabwe]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Zambia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Eswatini]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Samoa]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Sahara ya Magharibi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[U.S. Virgin Islands]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[British Virgin Islands]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Saint Vincent na  Grenadini]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uruguay]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''102.8'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  98'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''116.9'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  55'' || 2007
|-
| [[Burkina Faso]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uganda]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Sao Tome na  Principe]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Togo]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Tonga]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Turks na Caicos]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uswisi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,232'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  69'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''3,232'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  36'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Uswidi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,006'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  87'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,006'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  50'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Saint Lucia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Singapur]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  51'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''6,600'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  25'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008
|-
| [[Sierra Leone]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Slovenia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''4'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  90'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''1,105'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  86'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,073'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  48'' || 2005
|-
| [[Saint Helena]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Shelisheli]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Saint Kitts na Nevis]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Saint Pierre na Miquelon]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Puerto Rico]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''736.2'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''736.2'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Guinea-Bissau]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Ureno]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,112'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  60'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,095'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  33'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Panama]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Paraguay]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Nicaragua]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Antili za Kiholanzi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Surinam]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Nauru]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Nepal]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008
|-
| [[Vanuatu]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Niger]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Niue]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[New Caledonia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Maldivi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008
|-
| [[Malta]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Lebanon]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Laos]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kiribati]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Korea Kaskazini]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kenya]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Jamaika]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Iceland]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Honduras]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Luxemburg]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,329'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  82'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''1,329'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  47'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Lesotho]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Liberia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Hong Kong]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2008 || '''3,080'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2008 || '''3,080'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008
|-
| [[Haiti]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Guyana]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Guinea]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Guam]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Greenland]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Grenada]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Gibraltar]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Gambia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Polynesia ya Kifaransa]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Faroe]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Falkland]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Fiji]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Finland]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,268'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  75'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''4,576'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  30'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[El Salvador]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Eritrea]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Estonia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''1,003'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  88'' || 2007 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''1,003'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  51'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Dominika]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''250'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  94'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''239.8'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  54'' || 2005
|-
| [[Dominica]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Jibuti]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Cyprus]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cook]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Cape Verde]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Costa Rica]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Komori]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Visiwa vya Cayman]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2008 || '''NA'''&lt;br&gt; || NA
|-
| [[Chad]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kambodia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Burundi]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bhutan]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Belize]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bosnia na Herzegovina]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''400'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  92'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2005
|-
| [[Bahamas]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Bermuda]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Armenia]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || 2006 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,050'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  78'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,050'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  42'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Samoa ya Marekani]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Antigua na Barbuda]] || '''0''' &lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Kosovo]] || '''NA''' &lt;br&gt; || NA || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || 2007 || '''NA'''&lt;br&gt; || NA || '''NA'''&lt;br&gt; || NA
|-
| [[Latvia]] || '''NA''' &lt;br&gt; || NA || '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,040'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  79'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''2,040'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  43'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|-
| [[Senegal]] || '''NA''' &lt;br&gt; || NA || '''50'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  81'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''50'''&lt;br&gt;''&lt;small&gt;Nafasi ya&lt;/small&gt;  102'' || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2006|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007|| '''0'''&lt;br&gt; || &lt;sub&gt;makadirio&lt;/sub&gt; 2007
|}

==Matumizi==
Gesi huchomwa kama chanzo cha nishati kwa matumzi ya kibinadamu. Inachoma kwa kuonyesha ulimi wa buluu ambao ni safi hauachishi gesi nyingi za machafuko hewani. 

Matumizi yake ni hasa
* Uzalishaji [[umeme]]: gesi inapasha maji moto kwa kuendesha rafadha ya kuzalisha [[umeme]]
* [[Upishi]]: gesi asilia hupatika ama kwa bomba hadi kila nyumba au katika chupa za gesi
* [[Ukanzaji]] wa nyumba katika mazingira baridi
* [[Fueli]] ya magari
* Aina za [[plastiki]] hutengewezwa kwa gesi asilia
 
Gesi asilia husafiwa kwa sababu inachangia kidogo tu kwenye machafuko ya mazingira hasa [[kupanda kwa halijoto duniani]]. Hata hivyo si fueli bila machafuko. Pia sawa na fueli kisukuu nyingine akiba zake zinazidi kupungua haraka.

== Kurasa nyingine ==
*[[Fueli kisukuu]]
*[[Mafuta ya petroli]]
*[[Makaa mawe]]

==Marejeo==
&lt;references/&gt;

== Viungo vya nje ==
*[http://www.fossil.energy.gov/education/energylessons/gas/index.html History of using natural gas from the U.S. Department of Energy]

[[Category:Fueli]]</text>
      <sha1>cy4hbtq62tc5au9qo4yznfttbmprzk7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kuro (jenasi)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>60117</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241823</id>
      <parentid>1241434</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T11:39:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ChriKo</username>
        <id>35</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nyongeza picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5653" xml:space="preserve">{{Uainishaji 
| rangi = #D3D3A4
| jina =  Kuro
| picha = Kobus ellipsiprymnus Waterbuck in Tanzania 2595 cropped Nevit.jpg
| upana_wa_picha = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha = [[Dume la kuro ndogoro]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(''Kobus e. ellipsiprymnus'')&lt;/sup&gt;
| domeni =   
| himaya =   [[Mnyama|Animalia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama)&lt;/small&gt;
| faila =   [[Chordata]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)&lt;/small&gt;
| ngeli =   [[Mamalia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyana wenye viwele wanaonyonyesha wadogo wao)&lt;/small&gt;
| oda =  [[Artiodactyla]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wenye vidole viwili au vinne mguuni)&lt;/small&gt;
| nusuoda = [[Ruminantia]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wanaocheua)&lt;/small&gt;
| familia = [[Bovidae]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama walio na mnasaba na [[ng'ombe]])&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_familia = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1821
| nusufamilia = [[Reduncinae]] &lt;small&gt;(Wanyama wanaofanana na [[tohe]])&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_nusufamilia = Meyer, 1907
| jenasi = ''[[Kobus]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Kuro)&lt;/small&gt;
| bingwa_wa_jenasi = [[Andrew Smith|A. Smith]], 1840
| subdivision = '''Spishi 6, nususpishi 11:'''
* ''[[Kobus anselli|K. anselli]]'' &lt;small&gt;[[Cotterill]], 2005&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Kobus ellipsiprymnus|K. ellipsiprymnus]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[William Ogilby|Ogilby]], 1833)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa|K. e. defassa]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppel]], 1835)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus ellipsiprymnus ellipsiprymnus|K. e. ellipsiprymnus]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Ogilby]], 1833&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Kobus kob|K. kob]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben|Erxleben]], 1777)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus kob kob|K. k. kob]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Erxleben, 1777)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus kob leucotis|K. k. leucotis]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Martin Hinrich Carl Lichtenstein|Lichtenstein]] &amp; [[Wilhelm Carl Hartwig Peters|Peters]], 1853)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus kob thomasi|K. kob thomasi]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Philip Lutley Sclater|Sclater]], 1896)&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Kobus leche|K. leche]]'' &lt;small&gt;Gray, 1850&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus leche kafuensis|K. l. kafuensis]]'' &lt;small&gt;[[Theodor Haltenorth|Haltenorth]], 1963&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus leche leche|K. l. leche]]'' &lt;small&gt;Gray, 1850&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus leche robertsi|K. l. robertsi]]'' &lt;small&gt;[[Lionel Walter Rothschild|Rothschild]], 1907&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus leche smithemani|K. leche smithemani]]'' &lt;small&gt;[[Richard Lydekker|Lydekker]], 1900&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Kobus megaceros|K. megaceros]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[Leopold Fitzinger|Fitzinger]], 1855)&lt;/small&gt;
* ''[[Kobus vardonii|K. vardonii]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[David Livingstone|Livingstone]], 1857)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus vardonii senganus|K. v. senganus]]'' &lt;small&gt;(Sclater &amp; [[Oldfield Thomas|Thomas]], 1897)&lt;/small&gt;
** ''[[Kobus vardonii|K. vardonii]]'' &lt;small&gt;([[David Livingstone|Livingstone]], 1857)&lt;/small&gt;
}}
'''Kuro''' ni [[spishi]] ya kawaida zaidi ya [[jenasi]] ''[[Kobus]]'' katika [[familia (biolojia)|familia]] [[Bovidae]].  Spishi nyingine za jenasi hii zinaitwa '''lechwe''', '''mraye''' na '''sheshe'''. Spishi zote zinatokea karibu na maji na hutorokea maji wakitishwa na mnyama mbua. Rangi ya spishi nyingi ni ya [[mchanga]] lakini rangi ya kuro na spishi nyingine kadhaa ni kahawia hadi kijivu au [[nyeusi]]. Mara nyingi kuna rangi ya [[nyeupe]] kuzunguka [[jicho|macho]] na [[pua]] na [[tako|matako]]. Wanyama hawa hula [[nyasi]].

==Spishi==
* ''Kobus anselli'', [[Lechwe wa Upemba]] ([[w:Upemba Lechwe|Upemba Lechwe]])
* ''Kobus ellipsiprymnus'', [[Kuro]] ([[w:Waterbuck|Waterbuck]])
** ''Kobus e. defassa'', [[Kuro Singsing]] au kuro kibaka ([[w:Defassa Waterbuck|Defassa Waterbuck]])
** ''Kobus e. ellipsiprymnus'', [[Kuro Ndogoro]] au kuro pete ([[w:Common Waterbuck|Common Waterbuck]])
* ''Kobus kob'', [[Mraye]] ([[w:Kob|Kob]])
** ''Kobus k. kob'', [[Mraye Magharibi]] ([[w:Kob#Status|Buffon's kob]])
** ''Kobus k. leucotis'', [[Mraye Masikio-meupe]] ([[w:White-eared kob|White-eared kob]])
** ''Kobus k. thomasi'', [[Mraye wa Uganda]] ([[w:Ugandan kob|Ugandan kob]])
* ''Kobus leche'', [[Lechwe Kusi]] ([[w:Lechwe|Southern lechwe]])
** ''Kobus l. kafuensis'', [[Lechwe wa Kafue]] ([[w:Kafue lechwe|Kafue lechwe]])
** ''Kobus l. leche'', [[Lechwe Mwekundu]] ([[w:Lechwe#Subspecies|Red lechwe]])
** ''Kobus l. robertsi'', [[Lechwe wa Roberts]] ([[w:Roberts' lechwe|Roberts' lechwe]]) - '''ameisha sasa'''
** ''Kobus l. smithemani'', [[Lechwe Mweusi]] ([[w:Lechwe#Subspecies|Black lechwe]])
* ''Kobus megaceros'', [[Lechwe wa Nili]] ([[w:Nile Lechwe|Nile Lechwe]])
* ''Kobus vardonii'', [[Sheshe]] ([[w:Puku|Puku]])
** ''Kobus v. senganus'', [[Sheshe wa Senga]] ([[w:Puku#Subspecies|Senga puku]])
** ''Kobus v. vardonii'', [[Sheshe Kusi]] ([[w:Puku#Subspecies|Southern puku]])

==Picha==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Kobus ellipsyprimus, male (Livingstone, Zambia).jpg|Dume la kuro singsing
Defassa waterbuck01.JPG|Jike la kuro singsing
Kobus ellipsiprymnus ellipsiprymnus - Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge, Orlando, Florida, USA - 20100119.jpg|Jike la kuro ndogoro
Kobs in Ghana.jpg|Mraye magharibi
The book of antelopes (1894) Cobus leucotis.png|Mraye masikio-meupe
Uganda-Kob.jpg|Dume la mraye wa Uganda
Ugandan kobs (Kobus kob thomasi) female and calf (square crop).jpg|Jike la mraye wa Uganda na ndama wake
Red Lechwe in the Okavango.jpg|Madume ya lechwe mwekundu
Flying-Lechwe-Okavango.jpg|Jike la lechwe mwekundu
Kobus lechwe kafuensis.jpg|Jike la leche wa Kafue
Black lechwe herd.jpg|Kundi la lechwe mweusi
Voduška abok 1.jpg|Dume la lechwe wa Nili
Kobus megaceros-female.jpg|Jike la lechwe wa Nili
Puku male.jpg|Dume la sheshe wa Senga
Puku - Female, in South Luangwa National Park - Zambia.jpg|Jike la sheshe wa Senga
Southern puku (Kobus vardonii vardonii) female.jpg|Jike la sheshe kusi
&lt;/gallery&gt;

{{mbegu-mnyama}}
{{Artiodactyla|R.2}}

[[Jamii:Ng'ombe na jamaa]]
[[Jamii:Wanyama wa Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>mnaqnai713s3ex0hacj5wndjzudg30z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Soko la hisa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>67156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241766</id>
      <parentid>1223562</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T21:55:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Masoko ya hisa muhimu zaidi barani Afrika */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5921" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:New York Stock Exchange Flags.jpg|thumb|right|New York Stock Exchange ni soko la hisa lenye biashara nyingi duniani.]]
'''Soko la hisa''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] &quot;stock exchange&quot;) ni mahali pa [[biashara]] ya [[hisa]] za [[Kampuni|makampuni]]. 

Mara nyingi &quot;soko la hisa&quot; lamaanisha [[taasisi]] au [[jengo]] ambako biashara hii inafanywa. Lakini [[jina]] hili laweza pia kumaanisha jumla ya biashara ya hisa katika nchi fulani au katika [[tawi]] la [[uchumi]] (ing. &quot;share / stock market&quot;) kwa kujumlisha taasisi mbalimbali katika nchi au biashara kwa njia ya [[intaneti]].

== Masoko ya hisa muhimu ya kimataifa ==
* [[American Stock Exchange]]
* [[Bombay Stock Exchange]]
* [[Euronext]]
* [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]]
* [[Helsinki Stock Exchange]]
* [[Hong Kong Stock Exchange]]
* [[Johannesburg Securities Exchange]]
* [[London Stock Exchange]]
* [[Madrid Stock Exchange]]
* [[Milan Stock Exchange]]
* [[Nairobi Stock Exchange]]
* [[NASDAQ]]
* [[National Stock Exchange]]
* [[New York Stock Exchange]]
* [[São Paulo Stock Exchange]]
* [[Korea Stock Exchange]]
* [[Shanghai Stock Exchange]]
* [[Singapore Exchange]]
* [[Stockholm Stock Exchange]]
* [[Taiwan Stock Exchange]]
* [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]]
* [[Toronto Stock Exchange]]
* [[Zürich Stock Exchange]]

==Masoko ya hisa muhimu zaidi barani Afrika==
Kwa jumla kuna masoko ya hisa 29 [[Bara|barani]] [[Afrika]] yanayohudumia nchi 38.

Kuna masoko ya hisa 2 ya kikanda ambayo ni:
* Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRM) huko [[Abidjan]] ambayo inahudumia nchi za [[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Guinea Bissau]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]], [[Mali]], [[Niger]], [[Senegal]] na [[Togo]]; na
* Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières d'Afrique Centrale (BVMAC) huko [[Libreville]] ambayo inahudumia nchi za [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]], [[Tchad]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kongo]], [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] na [[Gabon]].

Masoko ya hisa ya kwanza katika Afrika yaliundwa [[Misri]] (mwaka [[1883]]), [[Afrika Kusini]] (mwaka [[1887]]) na [[Moroko]] ([[1929]]).
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Nchi/ Kanda
! Soko la Hisa
! Mahali
! lilianzishwa
! Idadi ya makampuni
! Kiungo
|-
|Soko la hisa la Afrika Magharibi
|[[Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières]]
| [[Abidjan]] ({{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}})
|1998
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 39
|[http://www.brvm.org/ BRVM]
|-
|{{flag|Algeria}}
|Soko la hisa [[Algiers]]
|[[Algiers]]
|1997
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 3
|[http://www.sgbv.dz/ SGBV]
|-
|{{flag|Botswana}}
|Soko la hisa [[Botswana]]
|[[Gaborone]]
|1989
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 44
|[http://www.bse.co.bw/ BSE]
|-
|{{flag|Cameroon}}
|Soko la hisa [[Douala]]
|[[Douala]]
|2001
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 2
|[http://www.douala-stock-exchange.com/index_fr.php DSX]
|-
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|Soko la hisa [[Misri]]
|[[Kairo]], [[Aleksandria]]
|1883
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 
|[http://www.egyptse.com/arabic/homepage.aspx EGX]
|-
|{{flag|Cape Verde}}
|Soko la hisa  [[Cabo Verde]]
|[[Mindelo]]
|
|
|[http://www.bvc.cv/ BVC]
|-
|{{flag|Eswatini}}
|[[Eswatini Stock Exchange]]*
|[[Mbabane]]
|1990
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 10
|[https://www.ese.co.sz/ ESE] {{Wayback|url=https://ese.co.sz/ |date=20210619051725 }}
|-
|{{flag|Ghana}}
|Soko la hisa [[Ghana]]
|[[Accra]]
|1990
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 28
|[http://www.gse.com.gh/ GSE]
|-
|{{flag|Kenya}}
|Soko la hisa [[Nairobi]]
|[[Nairobi]]
|1954
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 50
|[http://www.nse.co.ke/ NSE]
|-
|{{flag|Libya}}
|Soko la hisa [[Libya]]
|[[Tripoli]]
|''2007''
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 7
| [http://www.lsm.gov.ly/ LSM]
|-
|{{flag|Malawi}}
|Soko la hisa [[Malawi]]
|[[Blantyre, Malawi|Blantyre]]
|1995
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 8
|[http://www.mse.co.mw/ MSE]
|-
|{{flag|Mauritius}}
|Soko la hisa [[Morisi]]
|[[Port Louis]]
|1988
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 40
|[http://www.stockexchangeofmauritius.com/ SEM]
|-
|{{flag|Morocco}}
|Soko la hisa [[Casablanca]]
|[[Casablanca]]
|1929
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 81
|[http://www.casablanca-bourse.com/ Casa SE]
|-
|{{flag|Mozambique}}
|Soko la hisa [[Msumbiji]]
|[[Maputo]]
|1999
|
|[http://www.bvm.co.mz/ BVM]
|-
|{{flag|Namibia}}
|Soko la hisa [[Namibia]]
|[[Windhoek]]
|1992
|
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20060428224541/http://www.nsx.com.na/about.php NSX]
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{flag|Nigeria}}
|Soko la hisa [[Abuja]]
|[[Abuja]]
|1998
|
|[http://www.abujacomex.com/ ASCE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.abujacomex.com/ |date=20070201230750 }}
|-
|Soko la hisa [[Nigeria]]
|[[Lagos]]
|1960
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 223
|[http://www.nse.com.ng NSE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nse.com.ng/ |date=20201006115716 }}
|-
|{{flag|Rwanda}}
|Soko la hisa [[Rwanda]]
|[[Kigali]]
|2005
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 4
|[http://www.rse.rw/ RSE]
|-
|{{flag|Seychelles}}
|Soko la hisa [[Shelisheli]]*
|[[Victoria (Shelisheli)|Victoria]]
|2012
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 10
|[http://www.trop-x.com/ SSE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.trop-x.com/ |date=20121027013039 }}
|-
|{{flag|South Africa}}
|Soko la hisa [[Johannesburg]]
|[[Johannesburg]]
|1887
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 410
|[http://www.jse.co.za/ JSE]
|-
|{{flag|Sudan}}
|Soko la hisa [[Khartum]]
|[[Khartum]]
|
|align=&quot;center&quot;|
| [http://www.kse.com.sd/ KSE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kse.com.sd/ |date=20121127090843 }}
|-
|{{flag|Tanzania}}
|Soko la hisa [[Dar es Salaam]]
|[[Dar es Salaam]]
|1998
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 17
|[http://www.dse.co.tz/ DSE]
|-
|{{flag|Tunisia}}
|Soko la hisa [[Tunisia]]
|[[Tunis]]
|1969
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 56
|[http://www.bvmt.com.tn/ BVMT]
|-
|{{flag|Uganda}}
|Soko la hisa [[Uganda]]
|[[Kampala]]
|1997
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 14
|[http://www.use.or.ug USE]
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|{{flag|Zambia}}
|Soko la hisa za kilimo [[Zambia]]
|[[Lusaka]]
| 2007
|align=&quot;center&quot;|
| [http://www.zamace.com/info/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1&amp;Itemid=2  ZAMACE]
|-
|Soko la hisa [[Lusaka]]
|[[Lusaka]]
|1994
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 16
|[http://www.luse.co.zm/ LuSE]
|-
|{{flag|Zimbabwe}}
|Soko la hisa [[Zimbabwe]]
|[[Harare]]
|1993
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 81
|[http://www.zse.co.zw/ ZSE]
|}

==Viungo vya nje==
{{Commonscat|Stock exchanges}}

{{mbegu-uchumi}}

[[Category:Uchumi]]</text>
      <sha1>c61uqykn3hz7vvs4c0hx986ehsvs2cp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241767</id>
      <parentid>1241766</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T21:58:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Masoko ya hisa muhimu zaidi barani Afrika */ corr</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5919" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:New York Stock Exchange Flags.jpg|thumb|right|New York Stock Exchange ni soko la hisa lenye biashara nyingi duniani.]]
'''Soko la hisa''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]] &quot;stock exchange&quot;) ni mahali pa [[biashara]] ya [[hisa]] za [[Kampuni|makampuni]]. 

Mara nyingi &quot;soko la hisa&quot; lamaanisha [[taasisi]] au [[jengo]] ambako biashara hii inafanywa. Lakini [[jina]] hili laweza pia kumaanisha jumla ya biashara ya hisa katika nchi fulani au katika [[tawi]] la [[uchumi]] (ing. &quot;share / stock market&quot;) kwa kujumlisha taasisi mbalimbali katika nchi au biashara kwa njia ya [[intaneti]].

== Masoko ya hisa muhimu ya kimataifa ==
* [[American Stock Exchange]]
* [[Bombay Stock Exchange]]
* [[Euronext]]
* [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]]
* [[Helsinki Stock Exchange]]
* [[Hong Kong Stock Exchange]]
* [[Johannesburg Securities Exchange]]
* [[London Stock Exchange]]
* [[Madrid Stock Exchange]]
* [[Milan Stock Exchange]]
* [[Nairobi Stock Exchange]]
* [[NASDAQ]]
* [[National Stock Exchange]]
* [[New York Stock Exchange]]
* [[São Paulo Stock Exchange]]
* [[Korea Stock Exchange]]
* [[Shanghai Stock Exchange]]
* [[Singapore Exchange]]
* [[Stockholm Stock Exchange]]
* [[Taiwan Stock Exchange]]
* [[Tokyo Stock Exchange]]
* [[Toronto Stock Exchange]]
* [[Zürich Stock Exchange]]

==Masoko ya hisa muhimu zaidi barani Afrika==
Kwa jumla kuna masoko ya hisa 29 [[Bara|barani]] [[Afrika]] yanayohudumia nchi 38.

Kuna masoko ya hisa 2 ya kikanda ambayo ni:
* Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières (BRM) huko [[Abidjan]] ambayo inahudumia nchi za [[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Guinea Bissau]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]], [[Mali]], [[Niger]], [[Senegal]] na [[Togo]]; na
* Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières d'Afrique Centrale (BVMAC) huko [[Libreville]] ambayo inahudumia nchi za [[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]], [[Tchad]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo|Kongo]], [[Guinea ya Ikweta]] na [[Gabon]].

Masoko ya hisa ya kwanza katika Afrika yaliundwa [[Misri]] (mwaka [[1883]]), [[Afrika Kusini]] (mwaka [[1887]]) na [[Moroko]] ([[1929]]).
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! Nchi/ Kanda
! Soko la Hisa
! Mahali
! lilianzishwa
! Idadi ya makampuni
! Kiungo
|-
|Soko la hisa la Afrika Magharibi
|[[Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières]]
| [[Abidjan]] ({{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}})
|1998
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 39
|[http://www.brvm.org/ BRVM]
|-
|{{flag|Algeria}}
|Soko la hisa [[Algiers]]
|[[Algiers]]
|1997
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 3
|[http://www.sgbv.dz/ SGBV]
|-
|{{flag|Botswana}}
|Soko la hisa [[Botswana]]
|[[Gaborone]]
|1989
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 44
|[http://www.bse.co.bw/ BSE]
|-
|{{flag|Cameroon}}
|Soko la hisa [[Douala]]
|[[Douala]]
|2001
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 2
|[http://www.douala-stock-exchange.com/index_fr.php DSX]
|-
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|Soko la hisa [[Misri]]
|[[Kairo]], [[Aleksandria]]
|1883
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 
|[http://www.egyptse.com/arabic/homepage.aspx EGX]
|-
|{{flag|Cape Verde}}
|Soko la hisa  [[Cabo Verde]]
|[[Mindelo]]
|
|
|[http://www.bvc.cv/ BVC]
|-
|{{flag|Eswatini}}
|Soko la hisa [[Eswatini]]*
|[[Mbabane]]
|1990
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 10
|[https://www.ese.co.sz/ ESE] {{Wayback|url=https://ese.co.sz/ |date=20210619051725 }}
|-
|{{flag|Ghana}}
|Soko la hisa [[Ghana]]
|[[Accra]]
|1990
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 28
|[http://www.gse.com.gh/ GSE]
|-
|{{flag|Kenya}}
|Soko la hisa [[Nairobi]]
|[[Nairobi]]
|1954
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 50
|[http://www.nse.co.ke/ NSE]
|-
|{{flag|Libya}}
|Soko la hisa [[Libya]]
|[[Tripoli]]
|''2007''
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 7
| [http://www.lsm.gov.ly/ LSM]
|-
|{{flag|Malawi}}
|Soko la hisa [[Malawi]]
|[[Blantyre, Malawi|Blantyre]]
|1995
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 8
|[http://www.mse.co.mw/ MSE]
|-
|{{flag|Mauritius}}
|Soko la hisa [[Morisi]]
|[[Port Louis]]
|1988
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 40
|[http://www.stockexchangeofmauritius.com/ SEM]
|-
|{{flag|Morocco}}
|Soko la hisa [[Casablanca]]
|[[Casablanca]]
|1929
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 81
|[http://www.casablanca-bourse.com/ Casa SE]
|-
|{{flag|Mozambique}}
|Soko la hisa [[Msumbiji]]
|[[Maputo]]
|1999
|
|[http://www.bvm.co.mz/ BVM]
|-
|{{flag|Namibia}}
|Soko la hisa [[Namibia]]
|[[Windhoek]]
|1992
|
|[https://web.archive.org/web/20060428224541/http://www.nsx.com.na/about.php NSX]
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |{{flag|Nigeria}}
|Soko la hisa [[Abuja]]
|[[Abuja]]
|1998
|
|[http://www.abujacomex.com/ ASCE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.abujacomex.com/ |date=20070201230750 }}
|-
|Soko la hisa [[Nigeria]]
|[[Lagos]]
|1960
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 223
|[http://www.nse.com.ng NSE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nse.com.ng/ |date=20201006115716 }}
|-
|{{flag|Rwanda}}
|Soko la hisa [[Rwanda]]
|[[Kigali]]
|2005
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 4
|[http://www.rse.rw/ RSE]
|-
|{{flag|Seychelles}}
|Soko la hisa [[Shelisheli]]*
|[[Victoria (Shelisheli)|Victoria]]
|2012
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 10
|[http://www.trop-x.com/ SSE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.trop-x.com/ |date=20121027013039 }}
|-
|{{flag|South Africa}}
|Soko la hisa [[Johannesburg]]
|[[Johannesburg]]
|1887
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 410
|[http://www.jse.co.za/ JSE]
|-
|{{flag|Sudan}}
|Soko la hisa [[Khartum]]
|[[Khartum]]
|
|align=&quot;center&quot;|
| [http://www.kse.com.sd/ KSE] {{Wayback|url=http://www.kse.com.sd/ |date=20121127090843 }}
|-
|{{flag|Tanzania}}
|Soko la hisa [[Dar es Salaam]]
|[[Dar es Salaam]]
|1998
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 17
|[http://www.dse.co.tz/ DSE]
|-
|{{flag|Tunisia}}
|Soko la hisa [[Tunisia]]
|[[Tunis]]
|1969
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 56
|[http://www.bvmt.com.tn/ BVMT]
|-
|{{flag|Uganda}}
|Soko la hisa [[Uganda]]
|[[Kampala]]
|1997
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 14
|[http://www.use.or.ug USE]
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|{{flag|Zambia}}
|Soko la hisa za kilimo [[Zambia]]
|[[Lusaka]]
| 2007
|align=&quot;center&quot;|
| [http://www.zamace.com/info/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1&amp;Itemid=2  ZAMACE]
|-
|Soko la hisa [[Lusaka]]
|[[Lusaka]]
|1994
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 16
|[http://www.luse.co.zm/ LuSE]
|-
|{{flag|Zimbabwe}}
|Soko la hisa [[Zimbabwe]]
|[[Harare]]
|1993
|align=&quot;center&quot;| 81
|[http://www.zse.co.zw/ ZSE]
|}

==Viungo vya nje==
{{Commonscat|Stock exchanges}}

{{mbegu-uchumi}}

[[Category:Uchumi]]</text>
      <sha1>tvx2p02lq2kz958f08zkrd9aiqmhhii</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Injini ya mwako ndani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>74453</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241668</id>
      <parentid>1132963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:29:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kipala</username>
        <id>107</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Muundo wa injini ya mwako ndani */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4401" xml:space="preserve">[[File:4-Stroke-Engine.gif|thumb|right|Mwendo wa injini ya mwako ndani ya mapigo manne. '''Pigo 1''': pistoni inarudi nyuma na kuongeza nafasi katika silinda, hewa na fueli  zinavutwa ndani ya silinda, '''pigo 2''': pistoni inasogea mbele na kupunguza nafasi ndani ya silinda, mchanganyiko wa hewa na fueli hukandamizwa, '''pigo 3''': mchanganyiko hulipuka, silinda inasukumwa na nguvu ya mlipuko na kuzungusha mtaimbo endeshi, '''pigo 4''': pistoni inasogea mbele na kusukuma gesi zilizochomwa nje]]

'''Injini ya mwako ndani''' ni aina ya [[injini]] ambako [[fueli]] huchomwa ndani yake. Kuchomwa wa fueli kama vile [[petroli]], [[diseli]] au gesi katika mchanganyiko na hewa huachisha nishati yake kwa umbo la joto na shinikizo. Gesi ya mwako pamoja na hewa hupanuka kwa njia hii na kusukuma sehemu za injini hasa [[pistoni]] zinazopeleka nguvu ya mwako hadi [[mtaimbo endeshi]] ya injini. Kutoka hapa nguvu ya mwendo unapelekwa mahali panapohitajika. 

Kuna injini zenye mfumo tofauti zisizohesabiwa kati ya injini za mwako ndano kwa mfano [[injini ya mvuke]]. Hapo fuelli huchomwa na mvuke kutengenezwa nje ya injini yenyewe kwa hiyo ni injini ya mwako nje.

==Muundo wa injini ya mwako ndani==
Kila injini ya mwako ndani inafuata hatua mbalimbali zinazorudiarudia. Kuna hasa mfumo wa mapigo mawili na mapigo manne, na injini nyingi ya magari ni ya mapigo manne. 

Kila injini huwa na [[silinda]] ambayo ni chumba cha kuchoma fueli. Kuna injini za silinda 1, mara nyingi 4 au pia zaidi. Kuchoma kwa fueli kunazalisha gesi inayopanuka na kuleta shinikizo kubwa. Ndani ya [[silinda]] kuna pistoni inayosukumwa kwa nguvu ya gesi inayaotokea kutokana na kuchomwa kwa fueli. Mwendo wa pistoni inapelekwa kwa mtaimbo wa injini.
 
Injini ya mwako ndani inahitaji nafasi ya kuingiza fueli na hewa pamoja na uwezo wa kutoa gesi iliyozalishwa wakati wa mwako wa fueli. 

Fueli inaingizwa katika silinda kwa umbo la matone madogo na hii inafanywa kwa kuipitisha katika nozeli yaani shimo ndogo sana. Pampu ya injekta inapima kiwango cha petroli kinachotakiwa. Matone madogo ya fueli yanachanganywa na hewa na mchaganyiko huu unawaka. Kwa njia nyingine kuna pia injini ambako fueli na hewa zinachanganywa nje ya injini katika [[kabureta]] na mchanganyiko ulio tayari navutwa ndani ya silinda inapowaka.

Kuna namna mbili za kuwasha mchanganyiko wa hewa na fueli mara nyingi kuna [[plagi]] inayotoa cheche ya moto wakati mchanganyiko wa fueli na hewa imeshakandamizwa. Njia nyingine inayotumiwa katika injini za diseli ni kuongeza shinikizo ndani ya silinda na kukandamiza hewa ndai ya silinda sana hadi hewa hii imekuwa joto sana na sasa matone ya diseli zinapulizwa na kuwaka kutokana na joto la hewa.

Wakati wa kuwaka fueli pamoja na [[oksijeni]] ya hewa zinaunda gesi inayopanuka haraka. Nguvu hii inasukuma dhidi ya pistoni inayorudishwa nyuma; ilhali imeunganishwa na mtaimbo wa injini inasukuma mtaimbo na hivyo kuzungusha injini yote.  

Mwendo wa injini inaendelea kusukuma pistoni tena katika hali ya awali ambako inapuliza gesi za mwako nje kupitia valvu ya kutoka.

Injini ya mwako ndani inazungushwa na pistoni zake na idadi ya mizunguko inafikia mara 1000 hadi 8000 kila dakika. Maana kila pistoni inasogea mbele na nyuma mara alfu nyingi ila dakika. Hapo ni muhimu ya kwamba msuguano kati ya sehemu zake inapunguzwa kiasi jinsi kinavyowezekana na kazi hii inatekelezwa na mafuta ya injini inayosaidia kutelezesha vipande vyote vyenye mwendo.  Kila injini ya mwako ndani huwa na nafasi kwa ajili ya mafuta ya kutelezesha vipande vyake.

Vilevile ni muhimu ya kwamba vipande vyote vinaingiana vema na visiwe na nafasi kubwa ya kucheza. Hapo ni muhimu ya kwmaba vipimo vya vipuri vyote vinafaa na kulingana hadi sehemu ya 100 ya milimita.

===Mfumo wa kupoza===
Vilevile ni muhimu ya kwamba joto la injini linapunguzwa. Maana ndani ya injini moto unawaka muda wote na kuathiri metali ya injini yenyewe. Hapo injini inahitaji na mfumo wa kupoza.

Mara nyingi kazi hii inatekelezwa kwa kuzungusha miminiko kama maji katika injini inayopita sehemu penye joto kubwa; maji hupokea sehemu ya joto na kuibeba nje ya injini yenyewe hadi sehemu ya [[rejeta]] yanapopozwa kwa kukutana na hewa kutoka nje ya gari. 

Injini ndogo, siku hizi hasa za pikipiki, hutumia [[kupoza kwa hewa]]; uso wa injini huongezwa kwa mapezi ya kupoza ambako hewa inapita moja kwa moja ikitawanya joto.

 
[[Category:Injini]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241672</id>
      <parentid>1241668</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:31:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kipala</username>
        <id>107</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4409" xml:space="preserve">[[File:4-Stroke-Engine.gif|thumb|right|Mwendo wa injini ya mwako ndani ya mapigo manne. '''Pigo 1''': pistoni inarudi nyuma na kuongeza nafasi katika silinda, hewa na fueli  zinavutwa ndani ya silinda, '''pigo 2''': pistoni inasogea mbele na kupunguza nafasi ndani ya silinda, mchanganyiko wa hewa na fueli hukandamizwa, '''pigo 3''': mchanganyiko hulipuka, silinda inasukumwa na nguvu ya mlipuko na kuzungusha mtaimbo endeshi, '''pigo 4''': pistoni inasogea mbele na kusukuma gesi zilizochomwa nje]]

'''Injini ya mwako ndani''' ni aina ya [[injini]] ambako [[fueli]] huchomwa ndani yake. Kuchomwa wa fueli kama vile [[petroli]], [[diseli]] au gesi katika mchanganyiko na hewa huachisha nishati yake kwa umbo la joto na shinikizo. Gesi ya mwako pamoja na hewa hupanuka kwa njia hii na kusukuma sehemu za injini hasa [[pistoni]] zinazopeleka nguvu ya mwako hadi [[mtaimbo endeshi]] ya injini. Kutoka hapa nguvu ya mwendo unapelekwa mahali panapohitajika. 

Kuna injini zenye mfumo tofauti zisizohesabiwa kati ya injini za mwako ndano kwa mfano [[injini ya mvuke]]. Hapo fuelli huchomwa na mvuke kutengenezwa nje ya injini yenyewe kwa hiyo ni injini ya mwako nje.

==Muundo wa injini ya mwako ndani==
Kila injini ya mwako ndani inafuata hatua mbalimbali zinazorudiarudia. Kuna hasa mfumo wa mapigo mawili na mapigo manne, na injini nyingi ya magari ni ya mapigo manne. 

Kila injini huwa na [[silinda]] ambayo ni chumba cha kuchoma fueli. Kuna injini za silinda 1, mara nyingi 4 au pia zaidi. Kuchoma kwa fueli kunazalisha gesi inayopanuka na kuleta shinikizo kubwa. Ndani ya [[silinda]] kuna pistoni inayosukumwa kwa nguvu ya gesi inayaotokea kutokana na kuchomwa kwa fueli. Mwendo wa pistoni inapelekwa kwa mtaimbo wa injini.
 
Injini ya mwako ndani inahitaji nafasi ya kuingiza fueli na hewa pamoja na uwezo wa kutoa gesi iliyozalishwa wakati wa mwako wa fueli. 

Fueli inaingizwa katika silinda kwa umbo la matone madogo na hii inafanywa kwa kuipitisha katika [[nozeli]] yaani shimo ndogo sana. [[Pampu]] ya injekta inapima kiwango cha petroli kinachotakiwa. Matone madogo ya fueli yanachanganywa na hewa na mchaganyiko huu unawaka. Kwa njia nyingine kuna pia injini ambako fueli na hewa zinachanganywa nje ya injini katika [[kabureta]] na mchanganyiko ulio tayari navutwa ndani ya silinda inapowaka.

Kuna namna mbili za kuwasha mchanganyiko wa hewa na fueli mara nyingi kuna [[plagi]] inayotoa cheche ya moto wakati mchanganyiko wa fueli na hewa imeshakandamizwa. Njia nyingine inayotumiwa katika injini za diseli ni kuongeza shinikizo ndani ya silinda na kukandamiza hewa ndai ya silinda sana hadi hewa hii imekuwa joto sana na sasa matone ya diseli zinapulizwa na kuwaka kutokana na joto la hewa.

Wakati wa kuwaka fueli pamoja na [[oksijeni]] ya hewa zinaunda gesi inayopanuka haraka. Nguvu hii inasukuma dhidi ya pistoni inayorudishwa nyuma; ilhali imeunganishwa na mtaimbo wa injini inasukuma mtaimbo na hivyo kuzungusha injini yote.  

Mwendo wa injini inaendelea kusukuma pistoni tena katika hali ya awali ambako inapuliza gesi za mwako nje kupitia valvu ya kutoka.

Injini ya mwako ndani inazungushwa na pistoni zake na idadi ya mizunguko inafikia mara 1000 hadi 8000 kila dakika. Maana kila pistoni inasogea mbele na nyuma mara alfu nyingi ila dakika. Hapo ni muhimu ya kwamba msuguano kati ya sehemu zake inapunguzwa kiasi jinsi kinavyowezekana na kazi hii inatekelezwa na mafuta ya injini inayosaidia kutelezesha vipande vyote vyenye mwendo.  Kila injini ya mwako ndani huwa na nafasi kwa ajili ya mafuta ya kutelezesha vipande vyake.

Vilevile ni muhimu ya kwamba vipande vyote vinaingiana vema na visiwe na nafasi kubwa ya kucheza. Hapo ni muhimu ya kwmaba vipimo vya vipuri vyote vinafaa na kulingana hadi sehemu ya 100 ya milimita.

===Mfumo wa kupoza===
Vilevile ni muhimu ya kwamba joto la injini linapunguzwa. Maana ndani ya injini moto unawaka muda wote na kuathiri metali ya injini yenyewe. Hapo injini inahitaji na mfumo wa kupoza.

Mara nyingi kazi hii inatekelezwa kwa kuzungusha miminiko kama maji katika injini inayopita sehemu penye joto kubwa; maji hupokea sehemu ya joto na kuibeba nje ya injini yenyewe hadi sehemu ya [[rejeta]] yanapopozwa kwa kukutana na hewa kutoka nje ya gari. 

Injini ndogo, siku hizi hasa za pikipiki, hutumia [[kupoza kwa hewa]]; uso wa injini huongezwa kwa mapezi ya kupoza ambako hewa inapita moja kwa moja ikitawanya joto.

 
[[Category:Injini]]</text>
      <sha1>n2f6wpukvlo9tbtuyfh1vgn12q4qu2r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wilaya za Tanzania 4 KIGOMA</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78723</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241794</id>
      <parentid>1090936</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:43:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>41.59.92.205</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Kibondo */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="61297" xml:space="preserve">'''Mkoa wa Kigoma'''  2127930    

#'''Buhigwe District Council254342'''  120690    
#'''Kakonko District Council167555'''  81417    
#'''Kasulu District Council425794'''  207421    
#'''Kasulu TC'''  208244    
#'''Kibondo District Council261331'''  125284    
#'''Kigoma District Council211566'''  101499    
#'''Kigoma-Ujiji MC'''  215458    
#'''Uvinza District Council383640'''  189130    
      

=Kibondo=
'''Kibondo District Council'''  261331    
'''Bitare''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  10496 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Bunyanbo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  13563 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Busagara''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  30722 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Busunzu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  23932 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Itaba''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18127 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kibondo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  39300 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kitahana''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  24431 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kizazi''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  17734 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kumsenga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  22641 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mabamba''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  17580 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Misezero''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  8221 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Murungu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  7338 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rugongwe''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kibondo]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  27246 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kibondo District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kibondo }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kibondo]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]

=Kasulu=

'''Kasulu District Council'''  425794    


'''Asante Nyerere''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  7223 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Bugaga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  14402 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Buhoro''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  60120 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Herushingo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18215 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kagerankanda''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  13864 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kigembe''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  13264 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kitagata''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  105204 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kitanga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  20932 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kurugongo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  21817 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kwaga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  19181 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Muzye''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  12563 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyachenda''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  14304 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyakitonto''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  19486 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyamidaho''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18201 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyamnyusi''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16516 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rungwe Mpya''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15206 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rusesa''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  19398 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Shunguliba''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  4462 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Titye''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  11436 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kasulu District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


=Kigoma Vijijini=

'''Kigoma District Council'''  211566    
'''Bitale''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  20425 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kagongo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  19407 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kagunga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16972 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kalinzi''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  27426 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mahembe''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  22763 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Matendo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  22458 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mkigo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16252 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mkongoro''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18656 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mungonya''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  12644 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mwamgongo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15657 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mwandiga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18906 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Kigoma District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma Vijijini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


=Kigoma Ujiji=

'''Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council'''  215458    

'''Bangwe''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15453 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Buhanda''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  7629 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Businde''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  2436 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Buzebazeba''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18446 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Gungu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  25224 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kagera''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  9040 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kasimbu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  4910 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kasingirima''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  2867 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Katubuka''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  24790 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kibirizi''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  25143 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kigoma''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  6908 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


Kipampa ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  7917 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kitongoni''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  6973 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Machinjioni''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  3465 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Majengo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  4329 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mwanga Kaskazini''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  24184 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mwanga Kusini''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16331 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rubuga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  2634 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rusimbi''' ni jina la kata ya [[Manisipaa ya Kigoma Ujiji]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  6779 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kigoma-Ujiji]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


=Uvinza=

'''Uvinza District Council'''  383640    

'''Buhingu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16973 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Igalula''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  23868 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Ilagala''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  47026 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Itebula''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  24807 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kalya''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  22486 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kandaga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  23696 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kazuramimba''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  34115 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mganza''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  24823 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mtego wa Noti''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15308 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nguruka''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  27179 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Sigunga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  20455 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Simbo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  31650 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Sunuka''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  36023 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Uvinza''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Uvinza]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  35231 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Uvinza District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Uvinza }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Uvinza]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


=Buhigwe=

'''Buhigwe District Council'''  254342    

'''Biharu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  8880 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Buhigwe''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15224 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Janda''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  28854 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kajana''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  13383 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kibande''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  9852 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kilelema''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15523 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mugera''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15698 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Muhinda''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18211 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Munanila''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  33782 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Munyegera''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  13447 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Munzeze''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18934 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Muyama''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  10436 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mwayaya''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  20416 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyamugali''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  10705 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rusaba''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Buhigwe]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  20997 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region - Buhigwe District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Buhigwe }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Buhigwe]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


=Kakonko=

'''Kakonko District Council'''  167555    

'''Gwanumpu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  14756 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kakonko''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  21827 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kasanda''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  18717 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kasuga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16553 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Katanga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  10668 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kiziguzigu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  12900 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Mugunzu''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  11920 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Muhange''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  24195 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyabibuye''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  10046 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyamtukuza''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  15102 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Rugenge''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kakonko]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  10871 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region / Kakonko District  Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kakonko }} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kakonko]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


=Kasulu Mjii=

'''Kasulu Town Council'''  208244    
'''Kasulu Mjini''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  67704 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Kigondo''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16489 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Msambara''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  22391 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Muganza''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  17940 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Muhunga''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  32835 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Murufiti''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  9495 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyansha''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  13406 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Nyumbigwa''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  11639 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]


'''Ruhita''' ni jina la kata ya [[Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]] katika [[Mkoa wa Kigoma]], [[Tanzania]]. Wakati wa wa  sensa iliyofanyika mwaka wa 2012, kata ilikuwa na wakazi wapatao  16345 waishio humo. &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.wavuti.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/7/6/3076464/census20general20report20-202920march202013_combined_final20for20printing1.pdf  Sensa ya 2012, Kigoma Region – Kasulu Town Council]&lt;/ref&gt;  

==Marejeo==
{{marejeo}} {{Kata za Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini}} {{mbegu-jio-kigoma}}
[[Jamii:Wilaya ya Kasulu Mjini]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Kigoma]]</text>
      <sha1>altjll1zz6hfn4fjl5p1fc06esh5560</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Historia ya Afrika Kusini</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78779</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241763</id>
      <parentid>1159722</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T21:16:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Waafrika, Waingereza na Makaburu waligongana */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5937" xml:space="preserve">'''Historia ya Afrika Kusini''' inahusu eneo la [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] ambalo wakazi wake leo wanaunda [[Jamhuri]] ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. 

== Historia ya kale==
Zamadamu waliishi katika eneo la Afrika Kusini tangu miaka milioni 3 iliyopita, inavyoshuhudiwa na [[akiolojia]]. 

[[Binadamu]] wameishi huko kwa miaka 170,000 mfululizo. 

Wakazi wa muda mrefu zaidi ni [[Wakhoikhoi]] na [[Wasani]], ambao wote wanagumzumza [[lugha]] za [[jamii]] ya [[Lugha za Khoisan|Khoi-San]].
 
Katika [[karne ya 4]] au [[Karne ya 5|ya 5]] walifika [[Wabantu]] ambao waliwazidi nguvu hao wa kwanza.

== Koloni la Waholanzi kwenye Rasi ==
Chanzo cha Afrika Kusini kama nchi ni [[Koloni ya Rasi|Koloni la Rasi]] iliyoundwa na [[Waholanzi]] katika eneo la [[Cape Town]] kuanzia mwaka [[1652]]. Huko [[kabila]] jipya la [[Makaburu]] lilijitokeza kati ya [[walowezi]] [[Wazungu]] kutoka [[Uholanzi]], [[Ufaransa]] na [[Ujerumani]]. Lugha yao ilikuwa [[Kiholanzi]] iliyoanza kuchukua maneno ya [[Kifaransa]], [[Kiafrika]] na [[Kiingereza]] na kuendelea kuwa lugha ya pekee [[Kiafrikaans]].

Karne za kwanza za koloni la Kiholanzi ziliona pia kufika kwa [[watumwa]] kutoka [[Indonesia]] walioletwa kama [[wafanyakazi]] wa Waholanzi na Makaburu. Hao Waindonesia walikuwa [[chanzo]] cha [[jumuiya]] ya [[Uislamu]] kwenye [[rasi]]. 

Pia [[machotara]] walitokea kutokana na kuzaliana kati ya Makaburu na [[wanawake]] [[Waafrika]] na Waindonesia. Sehemu ya machotara hao wameingia katika jumuiya ya Makaburu na wengi wao wanapimwa kuwa na mababu Waafrika.

Katika miaka ya baadaye [[ubaguzi wa rangi]] uliongezeka na watoto machotara wa Wazungu na Waafrika mara nyingi hawakukubalika; walianza kuishi kama kundi la pekee kati ya Waafrika na Wazungu, nao ni chanzo cha hao walioitwa baadaye &quot;Cape Coloreds&quot;.

== Milki za Waafrika na Mfecane ==
Sehemu kubwa ya eneo [[kaskazini]] kwa rasi ilikaliwa na makabila ya Waafrika. 

Mnamo mwaka [[1800]] falme na milki zilianza kutokea hapa. Mwanzo wa [[karne ya 19]] ni hasa [[Wazulu]] chini ya [[Shaka Zulu]] walioanza kuenea na kuwashambulia majirani katika [[vita vya Mfecane]]. Vita hivyo vilileta [[uharibifu]] mkubwa lakini vilisababisha pia kutokea kwa milki za [[Wasotho]] na [[Watswana]] na wengine walioiga mitindo ya Wazulu na kujenga ma[[dola]] yenye uwezo wa ki[[jeshi]].

== Kuingia kwa Uingereza na jamhuri za Makaburu ==
Mwaka [[1814]] Koloni la Rasi lilitwaliwa na Waingereza na kuwa sehemu ya [[Milki ya Uingereza]]. 

[[Utawala]] wa Waingereza ulisababisha [[uhamisho]] wa nje wa sehemu ya Makaburu waliotokana na Wazungu kutoka Uholanzi, Ufaransa na Ujerumani; Makaburu hao walihama kwenda kaskazini wakaanzisha [[jamhuri]] ndogo kati ya maeneo ya Waafrika ama kwa njia ya mapatano au kwa njia ya [[vita]].

Kati ya miaka [[1840]] na [[1850]] Waingereza waliwafuata Makaburu kwa kueneza maeneo yao hadi [[mto Oranje]]; waliteka jamhuri ya Kikaburu ya [[Natalia]] na kuanzisha koloni jipya la [[Natal]].

Jamhuri mbili za Makaburu ziliweza kustawi kwa miaka kadhaa ambazo zilikuwa jamhuri ya [[Dola Huru la Oranje]] upande wa kaskazini wa mto Oranje na jamhuri ya [[Transvaal]] (ilijiita pia Jamhuri ya Kiafrika ya Kusini) upande wa kaskazini wa [[mto Vaal]].

== Waafrika, Waingereza na Makaburu waligongana ==
Milki za Kiafrika zilitafuta njia zao kati ya [[himaya]] hizi za Wazungu ambao walikuwa na nguvu kutokana na [[silaha]] za kisasa. Wengine walitafuta [[uhusiano]] mzuri na Makaburu na kushikamana nao; wengine waliona Makaburu kama [[hatari]] wakatafuta uhusiano wa [[ulinzi]] na Waingereza. 

Mikataba kati ya Waingereza na milki za Kiafrika iliunda [[nchi lindwa]] zinazoendelea hadi leo kama [[nchi huru]] kama vile [[Botswana]] (Bechuanaland), [[Lesotho]] (Basutoland) na [[Eswatini]] (Swaziland).

Katika [[miaka ya 1880]] [[almasi]] na [[dhahabu]] zilipatikana kwa wingi katika jamhuri hizi na kusababisha kufika kwa [[wachimbamadini]] wengi, hasa Waingereza, waliotaka kutajirika; Makaburu walisita kuwapa [[haki za kiraia]] kwa sababu waliogopa [[wageni]] wengi. [[Tatizo]] hilo lilisababisha vita vya Makaburu dhidi ya Uingereza na jamhuri za Makaburu zilitwaliwa na jeshi la Kiingereza hadi mwaka [[1902]] zikawa makoloni.

== Karne ya 20: Muungano wa Afrika Kusini ==
Jitihada za kupatanisha Wazungu wa Afrika Kusini (yaani Waingereza na Makaburu) zilisababisha kuundwa kwa [[Muungano wa Afrika Kusini]] kama [[nchi ya kujitawala]] ndani ya Milki ya Uingereza. Waafrika kwa jumla hawakuwa na haki za kiraia katika nchi hiyo isipokuwa katika [[Jimbo la Rasi]] kama walikuwa na elimu na [[mapato]] ya kulipa [[kodi]] za kutosha.

== Siasa ya Apartheid tangu 1948 ==
Baada ya [[vita kuu ya pili ya dunia]] Chama cha National kilichofuata [[itikadi kali]] ilipata [[kura]] nyingi na kuchukua [[serikali]] ya Afrika Kusini. Hapo ilianzisha mfumo wa ubaguzi wa rangi kwa jina la [[apartheid]].

Haki za wasio Wazungu zilipunguzwa zaidi. Maeneo ya Kiafrika yalitangazwa kuwa nchi za pekee chini ya [[usimamizi]] wa serikali ya Kizungu ya Afrika Kusini; kwa hiyo wananchi kutoka maeneo hayo hawakuwa tena na haki za kukata [[rufaa]] mbele ya [[mahakama]]; walipewa vibali vya muda tu kukaa kwenye miji. Waafrika walipaswa kutembea muda wote na [[pasipoti]] na vibali; [[ndoa]] na [[mapenzi]] kati ya watu wa [[rangi]] tofauti zilipigwa [[marufuku]]. [[Shule]] na [[makazi]] zilitenganishwa.

Siasa hiyo ilisababisha [[farakano]] kati ya nchi nyingi za [[dunia]] na Afrika Kusini. [[Upinzani]] kutoka Uingereza na [[Jumuiya ya Madola]] ulisababisha kuondoka kwa Afrika Kusini katika jumuiya hiyo na kutangazwa kwa Jamhuri ya Afrika Kusini.

== Afrika Kusini mpya ==
Mwaka 1990 Apartheid ilikwisha na serikali ya National Party ilipaswa kuendesha [[uchaguzi huru]] kwa wananchi wote na kukabidhi [[madaraka]] kwa serikali ya [[ANC]] chini ya [[Nelson Mandela]].

{{Africa topic|Historia ya|title=[[Historia ya Afrika]]}}
{{mbegu-historia}}

[[Jamii:Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>abnjnr1qjdluj5jusjqh2j8mib8s4n3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Historia ya Zimbabwe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78795</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241751</id>
      <parentid>1193313</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:43:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Historia ya awali */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9160" xml:space="preserve">'''Historia ya Zimbabwe''' inahusu eneo la [[Kusini mwa Afrika]] ambalo wakazi wake leo wanaunda [[Jamhuri]] ya [[Zimbabwe]]. 

==Historia ya awali==
Wakazi wa kwanza huaminiwa kuwa [[wawindaji]] wa jamii ya [[Wasani]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za kwanza [[BK]] walifika wahamiaji [[Wabantu]] wenye [[ujuzi]] wa [[kilimo]] na [[uhunzi]].

Tangu [[karne ya 11]], Zimbabwe ya leo imekuwa na falme imara kwenye njia muhimu ya [[biashara]]. Maarufu zaidi ni [[ufalme wa Mutapa]] ulioenea kutoka [[mto Zambezi]] kupitia [[mto]] [[Limpopo]] hadi [[Bahari ya Hindi]] [[kusini mwa Afrika]], katika [[nchi]] za kisasa za [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Lesotho]], [[Eswatini]], [[Msumbiji]] na sehemu za [[Namibia]] na [[Botswana]], tena hadi [[Zambia]] ya kisasa. Katika [[ramani]] ya Kireno ya [[karne ya 16]] Monomotapa ililala ndani ya [[Afrika Kusini]]. [[Minara]] maarufu ya wakati huo iko Zimbabwe.

== Koloni kuundwa na Cecil Rhodes ==
[[Kampuni ya Kiingereza ya Afrika Kusini]] (British South Africa Company) ya [[Cecil Rhodes]] iliweka mipaka ya sasa katika [[miaka ya 1890]]. [[Koloni]] la [[Uingereza]] liliundwa naye kwa kutwaa eneo hili pamoja na &quot;[[Rhodesia ya Kaskazini]]&quot; au [[Zambia]].

Rhodes aliwahi kujaribu kupata mapatano na [[mfalme]] [[Lobengula]] wa [[Wandebele]] kuhusu [[haki]] za kuchimba [[madini]] katika [[Matabeleland]]. Mfalme alikataa hadi mwaka [[1888]] alipokubali [[mapatano ya Rudd]]. Lobengula alidanganywa na [[Charles Rudd]] kwa njia ya [[mkataba]] huo uliokuwa msingi wa kutwaliwa kwa eneo lake kwanza na baadaye Zimbabwe yote.

Mwaka [[1890]] kikosi cha askari 500 wa kampuni kiliingia kutoka [[Afrika Kusini]] na kutwaa nchi. 180 kati yao walikuwa [[walowezi]] walioapishwa kama [[askari]] wa &quot;Pioneer Column&quot; na kupewa [[ardhi]] baadaye. 300 walikuwa askari wa [[Polisi ya Kiingereza kwa Afrika ya Kusini]] (British South Africa Police) ilikuwa [[kiini]] cha [[polisi]] na [[jeshi]] la koloni ya baadaye. 

Kwa [[silaha]] zao za kisasa, hasa [[bunduki za Maxim]], walishinda wenyeji. [[Vita vya kwanza vya Matabele]] (1893-1894) vilikuwa [[vita]] vya kwanza vilivyoona matumizi ya [[bunduki]] ya [[mtombo]] ya kisasa [[duniani]]. [[Waingereza]] 50 waliweza kushinda [[Wandebele]] 5,000. 

Hadi mwaka [[1897]] kampuni iliweza kupambana na upinzani wa kijeshi wa Wandebele na pia [[Washona]] ikawashinda.

[[Serikali]] ya Uingereza ilikubali kampuni itawale koloni lote (pamoja na [[Rhodesia ya Kaskazini]]) kwa niaba ya [[Ufalme wa Muungano wa Britania na Eire ya Kaskazini]]. 

Hadi [[vita ya kwanza ya dunia]] [[idadi]] ya walowezi ikaongezeka wakaanza kudai [[madaraka]] ya kujitawala kama makoloni kadhaa ya Uingereza yenye walowezi [[Wazungu]], kwa mfano [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Kanada]] au [[Australia]].

== Koloni la kujitawala ==
Mwaka [[1922]] wawakilishi wa walowezi walidai madaraka ya kujitawala. Wengine walipendelea kuunganishwa na [[Afrika Kusini]]. [[Kura]] ilipigwa kati ya walowezi 34,000 juu ya swali la kuwa koloni la Uingrgeza lenye madaraka ya kujitawala au kuwa jimbo la tano la Afrika Kusini. Walio wengi walipendelea kuwa koloni lenye madaraka ya kujitawala. 

Tangu 12 Septemba 1923 serikali ya Uingereza ilichukua utawala juu ya Rhodesia moja kwa moja ikawa koloni ya Uingereza na kampuni ilibaki na shughuli za kiuchumi. Wazungu walipewa serikali yao pamoja na kiwango cha kujitawala katika mambo ya ndani. Waziri mkuu wa kwanza alikuwa Charles Patrick John Coghlan tangu 1923 akifuatwa 1927 na Howard Unwin Moffat. Idadi ya walowezi wazungu ikaongezeka hasa baada ya vita kuu ya pili ya dunia na kufikia 270,000 mwaka 1970.

== Hali ya Waafrika ==
Hali ya wenyeji Waafrika ilikuwa ya duni tangu uvamizi. Maeneo mapana yenye rutba yalitwaliwa na walowezi. Wenyeji wa sehemu zile walipaswa ama kukubali kama wafanyakazi kwenye mashamba ya Wazungu au kuhamia katika [[Rizavu]] za Waafrika. Hata hivyo umoja wa kisiasa na maendeleo ya kiuchumi zilionyesha pia maendeleo fulani upande wa Waafrika wenyeji kwa kuondoa vita za mara kwa mara na kuleta huduma za kwanza za afya na za elimu. Viongozi wa Wazungu Warhodesia waliamini ya kwamba wakati ujao lakini si karibuni sehemu ya Waafrika wangeanza kushirikiana nao katika uongozi wa koloni. Isipokuwa waliamini ni sharti wenyewe walipaswa kuamua ni lini Waafrika wangekuwa tayari kuanza kushirikana nao.

Wakati huohuo wanasiasa wazungu waliendelea kukaza sheria zilizoongeza uguma kwa Waafrika wengi. Sheria ya ardhi ya 1931 iligawa nchi katika maeneo ya wazungu na Waafrika lakini Waafrika walipata theluthi moja ya ardhi tu. Tangu 1936 kila Mwafrika wa kiume alipaswa kutembea na kitambulisho wakati wa kuzuru nje ya rizavu. Sheria ya 1951 (Native Land Husbandry Act) iliamua ya kwamba Waafrika wangekuwa na kiwango fulani cha ardhi na cha mifugo iliyotegemea mazimgira hasa rutba ya eneo. Lakini matokeo ya sheria yalibana uwezo wa Waafrika werngi kuendelea na kujenga maisha yao hivyo wakaongeza upinzani.

== Mapambano ya uhuru kuanza ==
Baada ya vita kuu ya pili wazungu wa Rhodesia waliona maendeleo mengi lakini Waafrika walianza kusikitika zaidi. [[ANC]] ya Afrika Kusini ilienea hadi Rhodesia. Mwenyekiti wake nchini tangu 1957 alikuwa kijana [[Joshua Nkomo]]. ANC ilipopigwa marufuku 1959 Nkomo akaenda Uingereza akarudi 1960 na kuunda National Democratic Party of Zimbabwe (NDP) iliyopigwa marufuku 1961 akaunda [[ZAPU]]. Chama hiki kilifarakana mwaka 1963 ilhali [[ZANU]] ilijitenga chini ya [[Ndabaningi Sithole]], na Robert Nugabe alijiunga baadaye na ZANU.

==Rhodesia ya Wazungu==
Mwaka 1965 serikali chini ya walowezi Wazungu ilitangaza uhuru wa nchi kutoka Uingereza kwa jina la Rhodesia. Hii ilikuwa chanzo cha vita ya msituni ya Rhodesia ambako majeshi ya ZIPRA (jeshi la ZAPU) na ZANLA (jeshi la ZANU) yalipigana na jeshi la Rhodesia. 

Rhodesia haikutambuliwa na [[Ufalme wa Maungano]] (Uingereza) na nchi nyingine za [[Jumuiya ya Madola]] hivyo ilitangaza kuwa jamhuri na kujitenga kabisa na Uingereza. Nchi za nje zilianza kuweka vikwazo vya kiuchumi ''(sanctions)'' dhidi ya Rhodesia.

Vita ya msituni iliendelea. Majeshi ya ZIPRA na ZANLA yalikosa uwezo wa kushinda jeshi la Rhodesia lakini yalikuwa na nafasi ya kushambulia na kurudi baadaye katika makambi yao Zambia, Msumbiji na Angola. Kwa njia hii walilazimisha serikali ya Rhodesia kutumia pesa nyingi na kuita wanaume kati ya Wazungu kuhudumia jeshini kwa wiki kadhaa kila mwaka. Idadi kubwa zaidi ya askari wa Rhodesia walikuwa Waafrika waliojitolea. Vijana Wazungu wote walipaswa kuhudumua jeshini kwa mwaka mmoja halafu kuwa tayari kuitwa kwa wiki kadhaa kila mwaka.

==Rhodesia-Zimbabwe na kushirikishwa kwa Waafrika wa ndani==
Kuanzia 1976 Afrika Kusini (iliyotawaliwa bado ba serikali ya [[Apartheid]]) ilipunguza misaada yake kwa Rhodesia na serikali chini ya Ian Smith ilipaswa kujadiliana 1978 na viongozi Waafrika ndani ya Rhodesia ambao hawakushiriki katika vita ya msituni, walioongozwa na askofu [[Abel Muzorewa]]. Walipatana katiba mpya ambako wananchi wote walipewa haki ya kupiga kura, ilhali robo moja ya nafasi kwenye bunge na katika serikali zilitengwa kwa wawakilishi wa Wazungu wa Rhodesia. 

Katika uchaguzi wa Machi 1979 Waafrika wote waliruhusiwa kushiriki mara ya kwanza. ZANU na ZAPU walikaribishwa kushiriki kwa mashariti ya kuacha mapambano ya vita, walikataa wakaita Waafrika wote kutoshiriki wakatangaza watashambulia hao watakaoshiriki. Hata hivyo zaidi ya asilimia 64 ya wanachi walishiriki, chama cha Muzorewa &quot;United African National Congress &quot; kilishinda&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.heritage.org/africa/report/the-rhodesian-elections-and-the-sanctions-issuekilishinda]{{Dead link|date=September 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, tovuti ya heritageorg, iliangaliwa Septemba 2019&lt;/ref&gt;. Muzorewa alikuwa waziri mkuu, Josiah Gumede alichaguliwa kuwa rais. Jina la nchi ikabadilika kuwa &quot;Rhodesia-Zimbabwe&quot;.

==Mapatano ya Lancaster House na mwisho wa Rhodesia==
ZANU na ZAPU pamoja na nchi nyingi wa nje walikataa kukubali uhalali wa uchaguzi huu na mashambulio ya majeshi ya ZIPRA na ZANLA yaliendelea. Serikali za Marekani na Uingereza zilishawishi Muzorewa kutafuta maelewano na Mugabe na Nkomo. Katika hali hii serikali ya iliamua kuitikia wito wa Ufalme wa Maungano wa kukutana na wawakilishi wa ZANU na ZAPU pale Lancaster House, Uingereza. [[Mapatano ya Lancaster House]] yalileta mwisho wa Rhodesia-Zimbabwe.

Mapatano hayo yalisema
- pande zote zitasimamisha matendo ya kivita
- misingi ya katiba mpya ilikubaliwa
- Zimbabwe-Rhodesia itarudi chini ya mamlaka ya Uingereza na kuitwa tena &quot;Southern Rhodesia&quot;
- serikali itakuwa mkononi mwa gavana Mwingereza
- uchaguzi mpya utatokea katika miezi ya kwanza ya 1980

Baada ya uchaguzi kwenye Februari 1980, Rhodesia Kusini ilikuwa jamhuri huru ya Zimbabwe.

[[Rais]] [[Robert Mugabe]] alipata umaarufu katika [[siasa]] kama mpiganaji dhidi ya [[ukoloni]] lakini pia kama aina ya [[dikteta]] aliyerudisha nyuma [[uchumi]] wa nchi hadi alipolazimika kustaafu mwaka [[2018]]. 

==Tazama pia==
* [[Rhodesia ya Kusini]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{Africa topic|Historia ya|title=[[Historia ya Afrika]]}}
{{mbegu-historia}}
[[Jamii:Historia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika]]</text>
      <sha1>kd1tjkj8qgf45sd1sd9gmc2wtrk45uu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ungamo la Augsburg</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>79681</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241768</id>
      <parentid>1010583</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T22:17:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kipala</username>
        <id>107</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1218" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:Augsburger-Reichstag.jpg|thumb|''Bunge la Augsburg'' kadiri ya [[Christian Beyer]].]]
'''Ungamo la Augsburg''' ni mafundisho yaliyotungwa mwaka [[1530]] na wafuasi wa [[Martin Luther]] walipodaiwa kujieleza mbele ya [[Bunge]] la [[Dola Takatifu la Kiroma]] ili [[Ekumeni|kurudisha]] [[umoja wa Kanisa]]&lt;ref&gt;&quot;There is one body and one Spirit just as you were called to the one hope that belongs to your call one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all&quot; [[Ef]] 4:5-6&lt;/ref&gt;. 

Lengo lake lilikuwa kuendeleza [[matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti]], lakini pia kudumisha [[umoja]] huo. 

Katika sehemu ya kwanza (1-21) linafafanua mafundisho ya [[Kilutheri]] namna ya kuonyesha kwamba hayapingani na yale ya «[[Kanisa Katoliki]] au ya [[Kanisa la Roma]]». 

Sehemu ya pili inazungumzia mabadiliko yaliyoanzishwa na watengenezaji ili kurekebisha mambo kadhaa yaliyotazamwa kama «maovu» (22-28), ikieleza haja ya mabadiliko hayo. 

Ungamo hilo ni thibitisho tosha la nia ya Walutheri wa kwanza ya kubaki ndani ya [[Kanisa]] pekee linaloonekana.

==Tanbihi==
{{marejeo}}

{{mbegu-Ukristo}}

[[Jamii:Uprotestanti]]
[[Jamii:Ekumeni]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Kanisa]]</text>
      <sha1>t5hdlyd9kg04x0cnsepd6j4htyzixxw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Henry VIII</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>88033</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241717</id>
      <parentid>1233710</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:42:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22777" xml:space="preserve">[[image:After Hans Holbein the Younger - Portrait of Henry VIII - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|200px|Mfalme Henri VIII alivyochorwa na [[Hans Holbein the Younger]], [[Walker Art Gallery]], [[Liverpool]], Uingereza.]]
'''Henry VIII''' ([[28 Juni]] [[1491]]&amp;nbsp;– [[28 Januari]] [[1547]]) alikuwa [[mfalme]] wa [[Uingereza]] kuanzia tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[1509]] hadi [[kifo]] chake. Ni wa pili kutoka [[nasaba ya Tudor]], akimfuata [[baba]] yake, [[Henry VII]].

==Maisha na matukio==
{{Wives of Henry VIII}}
Henry anajulikana hasa kwa [[Ndoa|kuoa]] [[wanawake]] [[sita]], mmoja baada ya mwingine, na hasa kwa juhudi zake za kubatilisha ndoa yake ya kwanza na [[Katerina wa Aragona]] zilizomfanya hatimaye atenganishe [[Anglikana|Kanisa la Uingereza]] na [[Papa]], akijifanya mkuu wa Kanisa. Pamoja na kutengwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kwa sababu hiyo, aliendelea kusadiki mafundisho yake.&lt;ref name=&quot;Scarisbrick361&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Scarisbrick|1997|p=361}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Katika masuala ya ndani, Henry alijulikana kwa kubadilisha sana [[katiba]] ya nchi, akizidisha [[mamlaka]] yake mwenyewe. Waliopinga walishutumiwa kama wasaliti na mara nyingi kuhukumiwa [[adhabu ya kifo]], akiwemo [[waziri mkuu]] [[Thomas More]]. 

Matumizi yake yalikuwa makubwa mno, kwa ajili ya [[fahari]] na [[vita]], hivi kwamba pesa nyingi alizofaulu kujipatia kwa kuteka [[mali]] ya [[monasteri]] na kuzuia [[kodi]] iliyokuwa inalipwa awali kwa Papa, hazikumtosha kamwe. 

Aliunganisha Uingereza na [[Wales]] akawa pia mfalme wa kwanza wa Uingereza kushika nafasi ya mfalme wa [[Ireland]].

Mwanzoni wengi walipendezwa naye&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Guy|2000|p=41}}.&lt;/ref&gt;, lakini baadaye alizidi kunenepa, [[afya]] yake ilitetereka, na hata nafsi yake ilivurugika na kumfanya mzinzi, mkatili, mwoga.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ives|2006|pp=28–36}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Baada yake alitawala [[Mwana|mwanae]] [[Edward VI wa Uingereza|Edward VI]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{Reflist|20em}}

==Marejeo==
{{refbegin|30em}}
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*{{cite journal |last=Ashrafian |first= Hutan |title= Henry VIII's Obesity Following Traumatic Brain Injury |journal= Endocrine |volume=42 |year=2011 |pages=218–9 |doi= 10.1007/s12020-011-9581-z |url=http://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/267683/Henry-Viii-s-Obesity-Following-Traumatic-Brain-Injury.html | ref=harv |pmid=22169966 |issue=1}}
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*{{cite book |first1=Thomas |last1=Betteridge |first2=Thomas S. |last2=Freeman |title=Henry VIII in History| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ji_FpxQ4--QC |year=2012 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |isbn=978-1-4094-6113-5 |ref=harv}}
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*{{cite journal |last=Chibi |first= Andrew A. |title= Richard Sampson, His Oratio, and Henry VIII's Royal Supremacy |journal=Journal of Church and State |volume=39 |issue=3 |year=1997 |pages=543–560 |issn=0021-969X |doi= 10.1093/jcs/39.3.543 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-church-and-state_summer-1997_39_3/page/543|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Churchill |first=Winston |year=1966 |title= The New World |series=History of the English Speaking Peoples |volume=2 |publisher=Cassell and Company |location= |isbn= |url= |ref=harv}}
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|location= |isbn=978-1-84724-141-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/kingsqueensofeng0000crof_i1m0|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last1=Cruz |first1=Anne J. |last2=Suzuki |first2=Mihoko |title=The Rule of Women in Early Modern Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2tCAjijsKQC |year=2009 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |ref=harv |isbn=978-0-252-07616-9}}
*{{cite journal |last=Davies |first= Jonathan |title= 'We Do Fynde in Our Countre Great Lack of Bowes and Arrows': Tudor Military Archery and the Inventory of King Henry VIII |journal=Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research |volume=83 |year=2005 |pages=11–29 |issn=0037-9700 |ref=harv |issue=333}}
*{{cite book |last=Elton |first=G. R. |title=The Tudor Revolution in Government: Administrative Changes in the Reign of Henry VIII |origyear=1953 |year=1962 |edition=Revised |url=http://www.questia.com/read/2993196/the-tudor-revolution-in-government-administrative |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-09235-7}}
*{{cite book |last=Elton |first= G. R. |year= 1977 |title= Reform and Reformation: England, 1509–1558 |url=https://archive.org/details/reformreformatio0000elto_r4t4 |publisher= Edward Arnold |location= |isbn=0-7131-5952-9 |ref=harv}}
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*{{cite book |editor1-first=Sidney |editor1-last=Alexander|last=Guicciardini |first=Francesco |year=1968 |title=The History of Italy |publisher=Princeton University Press |location= |isbn=978-0-691-00800-4 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Gunn |first=Steven |title=Tournaments and Early Tudor Chivalry |journal=History Today |volume=41 |issue=6 |year=1991 |pages=543–560 |issn=0018-2753 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Guy |first=John |title=The Tudor monarchy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ySRvQgAACAAJ |year=1997 |publisher=Arnold Publishers |isbn=978-0-340-65219-0 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Guy |first= John A. |year= 2000 |title= The Tudors: a Very Short Introduction |url=https://archive.org/details/tudorsveryshorti0000guyj |publisher= |location= |isbn= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last1=Harrison |first1=William |last2=Edelen |first2=Georges |year=1995 |origyear=1557 |title=The Description of England: Classic Contemporary Account of Tudor Social Life |publisher=Dover Publications Inc. |location= |isbn=978-0-486-28275-6 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |title= The Burdens of Disease: Epidemics and Human Response in Western History |first=J. N. |last=Hays |publisher=Rutgers University Press |url=https://books.google.com/?id=AJReBNnOoL8C |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-8135-4613-1 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |title=The Mistresses of Henry VIII |first=Kelly |last=Hart |edition=1 |year=2009 |publisher=The History Press |isbn=0-7524-4835-8 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=r6HGPAAACAAJ |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Hall |first=Edward |year=1904 |title=The Triumphant Reign of Henry VIII |publisher=T.C. &amp; E.C. Jack |location= |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Haigh |first=Christopher |year=1993 |title=English Reformations: Religion, Politics, and Society under the Tudors |publisher=Clarendon Press |location= |isbn=978-0-19-822162-3|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last1=Hibbert |first1=Christopher |last2=Weinreb |first2=Ben |last3=Keay |first3=Julia |last4=Keay |first4=John |title=''[[The London Encyclopaedia]]'' |edition=3 |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-4050-4925-2 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Hutchinson |first=Robert |title=Young Henry: The Rise of Henry VIII |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2zR6WdBzyvEC |isbn=978-1-250-01261-6 |year=2012 |publisher=Macmillan |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Ives |first=Eric |title=The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn: 'The Most Happy' |year=2005 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |location=Oxford |isbn=978-1-4051-3463-7 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Ives |first= Eric |title= Will the Real Henry VIII Please Stand Up? |journal=History Today |volume=56 |issue=2 |year=2006 |pages=28–36 |issn=0018-2753 |url= |ref=harv }}
*{{cite book |last=Lehmberg |first= Stanford E. |year=1970 |title=The Reformation Parliament, 1529–1536 |url=https://archive.org/details/reformationparli0000lehm |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= |isbn=978-0-521-07655-5 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Lipscomb |first=Suzannah |title=Who was Henry? |journal=History Today |year=2009 |volume=59 |issue=4 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |first=David |last=Loades |authorlink=David Loades |title=Henry VIII: Court, Church and Conflict |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781905615421 |publisher=The National Archives |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-905615-42-1 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Meyer | first =G. J. |title=The Tudors: The Complete Story of England's Most Notorious Dynasty |url=https://archive.org/details/tudorscompletest00meye |publisher=Presidio Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-385-34076-2 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book|last=Morris|first=T.A.|title=Tudor Government|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UwyTYcDxlSAC|accessdate=20 March 2013|year=1999|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-98167-2|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Pollard |first=A. F. |year= 1905 |title=Henry VIII |publisher=Longmans, Green &amp; Company |location= |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=q0cDAAAAMAAJ |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Rex |first=Richard |title=The Crisis of Obedience: God's Word and Henry's Reformation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1996-12_39_4/page/863 |journal=The Historical Journal |volume=39 |year=1996 |pages=863–894 |doi= 10.1017/S0018246X00024687 |ref=harv |jstor=2639860|issue=4}}
*{{cite book |last=Scarisbrick |first=J. J. |authorlink=J. J. Scarisbrick |year=1968 |title=Henry VIII
|publisher=University of California Press |location= |isbn=978-0-520-01130-4 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=smr4IlxC7VMC |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Scarisbrick |first=J. J. |year=1997 |title=Henry VIII |publisher=Yale University Press
|edition=2 |location= |isbn=0-300-07158-2 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Smith |first=Lacey Baldwin |year=1971 |title=Henry VIII: the Mask of Royalty |publisher= |location= |isbn=978-0-89733-056-5 |url= http://www.questia.com/read/85955084/henry-viii-the-mask-of-royalty
|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Starkey |first=David |year=2003 |title=Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII |publisher=Chatto &amp; Windus |location= |isbn=978-0-7011-7298-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/sixwivesqueensof0000star_d7r8|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Starkey |first=David |title=Henry: Virtuous Prince |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dNJZJP3ns-MC |year=2008 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-00-728783-3 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Stöber |first=Karen|title=Late Medieval Monasteries and Their Patrons: England and Wales, C.1300–1540 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rzanpUHWLQoC |year=2007 |publisher=Boydell Press |isbn=978-1-84383-284-3 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Thomas |first=Andrea |year=2005 |title=Princelie Majestie: The Court of James V of Scotland 1528–1542 |publisher= John Donald Publishers Ltd |location= |isbn=978-0-85976-611-1 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Thurley |first=Simon |year=1993 |title=The Royal Palaces of Tudor England |publisher=Yale University Press |location= |isbn=978-0-300-05420-0 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |year=1991 |title=The Six Wives of Henry VIII |publisher=Grove Press |location= |isbn=0-8021-3683-4 |url= |ref=harv }}
*{{cite book |last=Weir |first= Alison |year= 2002 |title=Henry VIII: The King and His Court |publisher= Random House Digital, Inc. |location= |isbn=0-345-43708-X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JW-seRfZ9toC |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Whitley |first1= Catrina Banks |last2=Kramer |first2= Kyra |title=A New Explanation for the Reproductive Woes and Midlife Decline of Henry VIII |journal=The Historical Journal |volume=52 |issue=4 |year=2010 |pages=827 |issn= 0018-246X |doi= 10.1017/S0018246X10000452 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first= Josephine |year=2009 |title=Mary Boleyn: the True Story of Henry VIII's Favourite Mistress |publisher= Amberley Publishing |edition=2 |location= |isbn=0-300-07158-2 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Williams |first= James |title= Hunting and the Royal Image of Henry VIII |journal= Sport in History |volume=25 |year=2005 |pages=41–59 |issn=1746-0263 |doi= 10.1080/17460260500073082 |url= |ref=harv |issue=1}}
*{{cite book |last=Williams |first=Neville |year=1971 |title=Henry VIII and his Court |publisher=Macmillan Publishing Co |location= |isbn=978-0-02-629100-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviiihiscour00will|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}

== Marejeo mengine ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
=== Maisha ===
*{{cite book |first=John |last=Bowle |authorlink=John Edward Bowle |title=Henry VIII: a Study of Power in Action |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviii0000unse_s0t1 |year=1964 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company }}
*{{cite book |last=Erickson |first=Carolly |title=Mistress Anne: the Exceptional Life of Anne Boleyn |url=https://archive.org/details/mistressanne00eric |year=1984 }}
*{{cite journal |last=Cressy |first=David |title=Spectacle and Power: Apollo and Solomon at the Court of Henry VIII |journal=History Today |year=1982 |volume=32|issue=Oct |pages=16–22 |issn=0018-2753}}
*{{cite book |last=Gardner |first=James |chapter=Henry VIII |title=Cambridge Modern History |volume=2 |year=1903 |url=http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh213.html |access-date=2017-02-13 |archive-date=2011-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408075546/http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh213.html |dead-url=yes }}
*{{cite book |last=Graves |first=Michael |title=Henry VIII' |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviiistudyin00grav |year=2003 }}
*{{cite book |last=Ives |first=E. W |chapter=Henry VIII (1491–1547) |title=The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |year=2004 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}
*{{cite book |last=Rex |first=Richard |title=Henry VIII and the English Reformation |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviiienglish0000rexr |year=1993 }}
*{{cite book |last=Ridley |first=Jasper |title=Henry VIII |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviii0000ridl |year=1985 }}
*{{cite book |last=Starkey |first=David |authorlink=David Starkey |title=The Reign of Henry VIII: Personalities and Politics |url=https://archive.org/details/reignofhenryviii0000star_h2r4 |year=2002 |publisher=Random House |isbn=978-0-09-944510-4}}
*{{cite book |last1=Starkey |first1=David |first2=Susan |last2=Doran |title=Henry VIII: Man and Monarch |year=2009 |publisher=British Library Publishing Division |isbn=978-0-7123-5025-9}}
*{{Cite journal |last=Tytler |first=Patrick Fraser |author-link=Patrick Fraser Tytler |year=1837 |title=Life of King Henry the Eighth |edition= |publisher=Oliver &amp; Boyd |location=Edinburgh |url=https://books.google.com/?id=lWUDAAAAQAAJ |accessdate=17 August 2008 }}
*{{cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |title=The Children of Henry VIII |url=https://archive.org/details/childrenofhenryv0000weir |year=1996 }}

=== Utafiti wa kitaalamu ===
*{{cite book |last=Bernard |first=G. W. |title=War, Taxation, and Rebellion in Early Tudor England: Henry VIII, Wolsey, and the Amicable Grant of 1525 |year=1986}}
*{{cite journal |last=Bernard |first=G. W. |title=The Making of Religious Policy, 1533–1546: Henry VIII and the Search for the Middle Way |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1998-06_41_2/page/321 |journal= Historical Journal |year=1998 |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=321–349 |issn=0018-246X |jstor=2640109 |doi=10.1017/S0018246X98007778}}
*{{cite journal |last=Bush |first=M. L. |title=The Tudor Polity and the Pilgrimage of Grace |journal=Historical Research |volume=80 |issue=207 |year=2007 |pages=47–72 |issn=0950-3471 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-2281.2006.00351.x}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Coleman |editor1-first=Christoper |editor2-first=David |editor2-last=Starkey|title=Revolution Reassessed: Revision in the History of Tudor Government and Administration |year=1986}}
*{{cite book | pages=78–203 |last=Doran |first=Susan |title=The Tudor Chronicles: 1485 - 1603 |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4351-0939-1|publisher=Sterling Publishing}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Fox |editor1-first=Alistair |editor2-first=John |editor2-last=Guy |title=Reassessing the Henrician Age: Humanism, Politics and Reform 1500–1550|url=https://archive.org/details/reassessinghenri0000foxa |year=1986}}
* Guy, John. ''The Children of Henry VIII'' (Oxford University Press; 2013) 258 pages; traces the lives of Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond.
*{{cite journal |last=Head |first=David M. |title=Henry VIII's Scottish Policy: a Reassessment|journal=Scottish Historical Review |year=1982 |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=1–24 |issn=0036-9241}}
*{{cite journal |last=Head |first=David M. |title='If a Lion Knew His Own Strength': the Image of Henry VIII and His Historians |journal=International Social Science Review |year=1997 |volume=72 |issue=3–4 |pages=94–109|issn= 0278-2308}}
*{{cite journal |last=Hoak |first=Dale |title=Politics, Religion and the English Reformation, 1533–1547: Some Problems and Issues |journal=History Compass |year=2005 |issue=3 |issn=1478-0542}}
*{{cite book |last=Lindsey |first=Karen |year=1995 |title=Divorced, Beheaded, Survived: A Feminist Reinterpretation of the Wives of Henry VIII |publisher=Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. |location=Reading, MA., US |isbn=0-201-60895-2 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/6981860/divorced-beheaded-survived-a-feminist-reinterpretation }}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=MacCulloch |editor1-first=Diarmaid |title=The Reign of Henry VIII: Politics, Policy, and Piety |year=1995}}
*{{cite book |last=Marshall |first=Peter |title=(Re)defining the English Reformation |journal=Journal of British Studies |year=2009 |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=564–85}}
*{{cite book |last=Mackie |first=J. D. |title=The Earlier Tudors, 1485–1558 |year=1952 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/8546253/the-earlier-tudors-1485-1558 }}
*{{cite book|first=William J.|last=Maloney|title=Diseases, Disorders and Diagnoses of Historical Individuals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AhDUCgAAQBAJ|publisher=Anaphora Literary Press|year=2015|isbn=978-1-68114-193-0|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Moorhouse |first=Geoffrey |year=2003 |title=The Pilgrimage of Grace: the Rebellion That Shook Henry VIII's Throne |publisher=Phoenix |location= |isbn=978-1-84212-666-0}}
*{{cite book |last=Moorhouse |first=Geoffrey |title=Great Harry's Navy: How Henry VIII Gave England Seapower |url=https://archive.org/details/greatharrysnavyh0000moor_k8h2 |year=2007 }}
*{{cite book |last=Moorhouse |first=Geoffrey |title=The Last Divine Office: Henry VIII and the Dissolution of the Monasteries |url=https://archive.org/details/lastdivineoffice0000moor |year=2009 }}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Slavin |editor1-first=Arthur J |title=Henry VIII and the English Reformation |year=1968 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/97615501/henry-viii-and-the-english-reformation }}
*{{cite book |last=Smith |first=H. Maynard |title=Henry VIII and the Reformation |year=1948 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/8851653/henry-viii-and-the-reformation }}
*{{cite journal |last=Thurley |first= Simon |title= Palaces for a Nouveau Riche King |journal= History Today |volume=41 |year=1991  |issue=6}}
*{{cite book |last=Trollope |first=William |title=A practical and historical commentary on the liturgy and ritual of the Church of England: with examination questions |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oE4-AAAAYAAJ |year=1874 |publisher=J. Hall }}
*{{cite book |last=Wagner |first=John A. |title=Bosworth Field to Bloody Mary: An Encyclopedia of the Early Tudors  |year=2003|isbn=1-57356-540-7}}
*{{cite book |last=Walker |first=Greg |title=Writing under Tyranny: English Literature and the Henrician Reformation |year=2005}}
* Wernham, Richard Bruce. ''Before the Armada: the growth of English foreign policy, 1485-1588'' (1966), a standard history of foreign policy

=== Vyanzo ===
* Williams, C. M. A. H. ''[http://www.questia.com/read/104189416 English Historical Documents], 1485–1558'' (1996)
* ''Letters and papers, foreign and domestic, of the reign of Henry VIII: preserved in the Public Record Office, the British Museum and elsewhere'', volume 1 edited by John S. Brewer, Robert H. Brodie, James Gairdner. (1862); [https://books.google.com/books?id=q4Y9AAAAcAAJ full text online vol 1]; [https://books.google.com/books?id=Udk9AAAAcAAJ full text vol 3] See also [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/catalogue.aspx?type=3&amp;gid=126 ''Letters &amp; Papers, Henry VIII'', 21 vols., at British History Online],
* [https://archive.org/details/privypurseexpen02nicogoog Nicolas, Nicholas Harris, ed., ''The Privy Purse Expences of Henry VIII, 1529–1532'', Pickering, London (1827)]
* [[Martin Luther]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=oEy_3aDT61sC&amp;vid=OCLC02338418&amp;dq=%22%09Luther%27s+Correspondence+and+Other+Contemporary+Letters%22&amp;jtp=333 to Henry VIII, 1 September 1525]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=oEy_3aDT61sC&amp;vid=OCLC02338418&amp;dq=%22%09Luther%27s+Correspondence+and+Other+Contemporary+Letters%22&amp;jtp=374 Henry VIII to Martin Luther. August 1526]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=oEy_3aDT61sC&amp;vid=OCLC02338418&amp;dq=%22%09Luther%27s+Correspondence+and+Other+Contemporary+Letters%22&amp;jtp=160 Henry VIII to Frederic, John, and George, Dukes of Saxony. January. 20, 1523] re: Luther.
{{refend}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
*{{Commons category-inline|Henry VIII of England}}
*{{IMSLP|Henry VIII|Henry VIII}}
*{{ChoralWiki|Henry VIII}}
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Henry+VIII,+King+of+England}}
* [http://www.marileecody.com/henry8images.html Portraits of Henry VIII] {{Wayback|url=http://www.marileecody.com/henry8images.html |date=20181212153427 }}
{{mbegu-mwanasiasa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry 08 wa Uingereza}}
[[Category:Waliozaliwa 1491]]
[[Category:Waliofariki 1547]]
[[Category:Wafalme na malkia wa Uingereza]]
[[Category:Waanglikana]]
[[Category:Historia ya Kanisa]]
[[Category:Nasaba ya Tudor]]
[[Category:Renaissance]]</text>
      <sha1>9xqk9hbj8sirrppc6u6d5c9ykspmf4k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241718</id>
      <parentid>1241717</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:43:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
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      <text bytes="22777" xml:space="preserve">[[image:After Hans Holbein the Younger - Portrait of Henry VIII - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|200px|Mfalme Henri VIII alivyochorwa na [[Hans Holbein the Younger]], [[Walker Art Gallery]], [[Liverpool]], Uingereza.]]
'''Henry VIII''' ([[28 Juni]] [[1491]]&amp;nbsp;– [[28 Januari]] [[1547]]) alikuwa [[mfalme]] wa [[Uingereza]] kuanzia tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[1509]] hadi [[kifo]] chake. Ni wa pili kutoka [[nasaba ya Tudor]], akimfuata [[baba]] yake, [[Henry VII]].

==Maisha na matukio==
{{Wake wa Henry VIII}}

Henry anajulikana hasa kwa [[Ndoa|kuoa]] [[wanawake]] [[sita]], mmoja baada ya mwingine, na hasa kwa juhudi zake za kubatilisha ndoa yake ya kwanza na [[Katerina wa Aragona]] zilizomfanya hatimaye atenganishe [[Anglikana|Kanisa la Uingereza]] na [[Papa]], akijifanya mkuu wa Kanisa. Pamoja na kutengwa na [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kwa sababu hiyo, aliendelea kusadiki mafundisho yake.&lt;ref name=&quot;Scarisbrick361&quot;&gt;{{harvnb|Scarisbrick|1997|p=361}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Katika masuala ya ndani, Henry alijulikana kwa kubadilisha sana [[katiba]] ya nchi, akizidisha [[mamlaka]] yake mwenyewe. Waliopinga walishutumiwa kama wasaliti na mara nyingi kuhukumiwa [[adhabu ya kifo]], akiwemo [[waziri mkuu]] [[Thomas More]]. 

Matumizi yake yalikuwa makubwa mno, kwa ajili ya [[fahari]] na [[vita]], hivi kwamba pesa nyingi alizofaulu kujipatia kwa kuteka [[mali]] ya [[monasteri]] na kuzuia [[kodi]] iliyokuwa inalipwa awali kwa Papa, hazikumtosha kamwe. 

Aliunganisha Uingereza na [[Wales]] akawa pia mfalme wa kwanza wa Uingereza kushika nafasi ya mfalme wa [[Ireland]].

Mwanzoni wengi walipendezwa naye&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Guy|2000|p=41}}.&lt;/ref&gt;, lakini baadaye alizidi kunenepa, [[afya]] yake ilitetereka, na hata nafsi yake ilivurugika na kumfanya mzinzi, mkatili, mwoga.&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Ives|2006|pp=28–36}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Baada yake alitawala [[Mwana|mwanae]] [[Edward VI wa Uingereza|Edward VI]].

== Tanbihi ==
{{Reflist|20em}}

==Marejeo==
{{refbegin|30em}}
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*{{cite journal |last=Ashrafian |first= Hutan |title= Henry VIII's Obesity Following Traumatic Brain Injury |journal= Endocrine |volume=42 |year=2011 |pages=218–9 |doi= 10.1007/s12020-011-9581-z |url=http://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/267683/Henry-Viii-s-Obesity-Following-Traumatic-Brain-Injury.html | ref=harv |pmid=22169966 |issue=1}}
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*{{cite book |first1=Thomas |last1=Betteridge |first2=Thomas S. |last2=Freeman |title=Henry VIII in History| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ji_FpxQ4--QC |year=2012 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |isbn=978-1-4094-6113-5 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Brigden |first=Susan |year=2000 |title=New Worlds, Lost Worlds |url=https://archive.org/details/newworldslostwor0000brig |publisher=Penguin |location= |isbn=978-0-14-014826-8 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Chibi |first= Andrew A. |title= Richard Sampson, His Oratio, and Henry VIII's Royal Supremacy |journal=Journal of Church and State |volume=39 |issue=3 |year=1997 |pages=543–560 |issn=0021-969X |doi= 10.1093/jcs/39.3.543 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-church-and-state_summer-1997_39_3/page/543|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Churchill |first=Winston |year=1966 |title= The New World |series=History of the English Speaking Peoples |volume=2 |publisher=Cassell and Company |location= |isbn= |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Crofton |first= Ian |year= 2006 |title=The Kings and Queens of England |publisher=Quercus Books
|location= |isbn=978-1-84724-141-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/kingsqueensofeng0000crof_i1m0|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last1=Cruz |first1=Anne J. |last2=Suzuki |first2=Mihoko |title=The Rule of Women in Early Modern Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2tCAjijsKQC |year=2009 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |ref=harv |isbn=978-0-252-07616-9}}
*{{cite journal |last=Davies |first= Jonathan |title= 'We Do Fynde in Our Countre Great Lack of Bowes and Arrows': Tudor Military Archery and the Inventory of King Henry VIII |journal=Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research |volume=83 |year=2005 |pages=11–29 |issn=0037-9700 |ref=harv |issue=333}}
*{{cite book |last=Elton |first=G. R. |title=The Tudor Revolution in Government: Administrative Changes in the Reign of Henry VIII |origyear=1953 |year=1962 |edition=Revised |url=http://www.questia.com/read/2993196/the-tudor-revolution-in-government-administrative |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-09235-7}}
*{{cite book |last=Elton |first= G. R. |year= 1977 |title= Reform and Reformation: England, 1509–1558 |url=https://archive.org/details/reformreformatio0000elto_r4t4 |publisher= Edward Arnold |location= |isbn=0-7131-5952-9 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Farquhar |first= Michael |year=2001 |title=A Treasure of Royal Scandals |publisher=Penguin Books |location= |isbn=0-7394-2025-9 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |title=The Wives of Henry VIII |first=Antonia |last=Fraser |year=1994 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=24UKxUPB5goC |publisher=Vintage Books |isbn=978-0-679-73001-9 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |editor1-first=Sidney |editor1-last=Alexander|last=Guicciardini |first=Francesco |year=1968 |title=The History of Italy |publisher=Princeton University Press |location= |isbn=978-0-691-00800-4 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Gunn |first=Steven |title=Tournaments and Early Tudor Chivalry |journal=History Today |volume=41 |issue=6 |year=1991 |pages=543–560 |issn=0018-2753 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Guy |first=John |title=The Tudor monarchy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ySRvQgAACAAJ |year=1997 |publisher=Arnold Publishers |isbn=978-0-340-65219-0 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Guy |first= John A. |year= 2000 |title= The Tudors: a Very Short Introduction |url=https://archive.org/details/tudorsveryshorti0000guyj |publisher= |location= |isbn= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last1=Harrison |first1=William |last2=Edelen |first2=Georges |year=1995 |origyear=1557 |title=The Description of England: Classic Contemporary Account of Tudor Social Life |publisher=Dover Publications Inc. |location= |isbn=978-0-486-28275-6 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |title= The Burdens of Disease: Epidemics and Human Response in Western History |first=J. N. |last=Hays |publisher=Rutgers University Press |url=https://books.google.com/?id=AJReBNnOoL8C |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-8135-4613-1 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |title=The Mistresses of Henry VIII |first=Kelly |last=Hart |edition=1 |year=2009 |publisher=The History Press |isbn=0-7524-4835-8 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=r6HGPAAACAAJ |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Hall |first=Edward |year=1904 |title=The Triumphant Reign of Henry VIII |publisher=T.C. &amp; E.C. Jack |location= |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Haigh |first=Christopher |year=1993 |title=English Reformations: Religion, Politics, and Society under the Tudors |publisher=Clarendon Press |location= |isbn=978-0-19-822162-3|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last1=Hibbert |first1=Christopher |last2=Weinreb |first2=Ben |last3=Keay |first3=Julia |last4=Keay |first4=John |title=''[[The London Encyclopaedia]]'' |edition=3 |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-4050-4925-2 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Hutchinson |first=Robert |title=Young Henry: The Rise of Henry VIII |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2zR6WdBzyvEC |isbn=978-1-250-01261-6 |year=2012 |publisher=Macmillan |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Ives |first=Eric |title=The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn: 'The Most Happy' |year=2005 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |location=Oxford |isbn=978-1-4051-3463-7 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Ives |first= Eric |title= Will the Real Henry VIII Please Stand Up? |journal=History Today |volume=56 |issue=2 |year=2006 |pages=28–36 |issn=0018-2753 |url= |ref=harv }}
*{{cite book |last=Lehmberg |first= Stanford E. |year=1970 |title=The Reformation Parliament, 1529–1536 |url=https://archive.org/details/reformationparli0000lehm |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= |isbn=978-0-521-07655-5 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Lipscomb |first=Suzannah |title=Who was Henry? |journal=History Today |year=2009 |volume=59 |issue=4 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |first=David |last=Loades |authorlink=David Loades |title=Henry VIII: Court, Church and Conflict |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781905615421 |publisher=The National Archives |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-905615-42-1 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Meyer | first =G. J. |title=The Tudors: The Complete Story of England's Most Notorious Dynasty |url=https://archive.org/details/tudorscompletest00meye |publisher=Presidio Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-385-34076-2 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book|last=Morris|first=T.A.|title=Tudor Government|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UwyTYcDxlSAC|accessdate=20 March 2013|year=1999|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-203-98167-2|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Pollard |first=A. F. |year= 1905 |title=Henry VIII |publisher=Longmans, Green &amp; Company |location= |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=q0cDAAAAMAAJ |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Rex |first=Richard |title=The Crisis of Obedience: God's Word and Henry's Reformation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1996-12_39_4/page/863 |journal=The Historical Journal |volume=39 |year=1996 |pages=863–894 |doi= 10.1017/S0018246X00024687 |ref=harv |jstor=2639860|issue=4}}
*{{cite book |last=Scarisbrick |first=J. J. |authorlink=J. J. Scarisbrick |year=1968 |title=Henry VIII
|publisher=University of California Press |location= |isbn=978-0-520-01130-4 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=smr4IlxC7VMC |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Scarisbrick |first=J. J. |year=1997 |title=Henry VIII |publisher=Yale University Press
|edition=2 |location= |isbn=0-300-07158-2 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Smith |first=Lacey Baldwin |year=1971 |title=Henry VIII: the Mask of Royalty |publisher= |location= |isbn=978-0-89733-056-5 |url= http://www.questia.com/read/85955084/henry-viii-the-mask-of-royalty
|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Starkey |first=David |year=2003 |title=Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII |publisher=Chatto &amp; Windus |location= |isbn=978-0-7011-7298-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/sixwivesqueensof0000star_d7r8|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Starkey |first=David |title=Henry: Virtuous Prince |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dNJZJP3ns-MC |year=2008 |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0-00-728783-3 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Stöber |first=Karen|title=Late Medieval Monasteries and Their Patrons: England and Wales, C.1300–1540 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rzanpUHWLQoC |year=2007 |publisher=Boydell Press |isbn=978-1-84383-284-3 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Thomas |first=Andrea |year=2005 |title=Princelie Majestie: The Court of James V of Scotland 1528–1542 |publisher= John Donald Publishers Ltd |location= |isbn=978-0-85976-611-1 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Thurley |first=Simon |year=1993 |title=The Royal Palaces of Tudor England |publisher=Yale University Press |location= |isbn=978-0-300-05420-0 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |year=1991 |title=The Six Wives of Henry VIII |publisher=Grove Press |location= |isbn=0-8021-3683-4 |url= |ref=harv }}
*{{cite book |last=Weir |first= Alison |year= 2002 |title=Henry VIII: The King and His Court |publisher= Random House Digital, Inc. |location= |isbn=0-345-43708-X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JW-seRfZ9toC |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Whitley |first1= Catrina Banks |last2=Kramer |first2= Kyra |title=A New Explanation for the Reproductive Woes and Midlife Decline of Henry VIII |journal=The Historical Journal |volume=52 |issue=4 |year=2010 |pages=827 |issn= 0018-246X |doi= 10.1017/S0018246X10000452 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first= Josephine |year=2009 |title=Mary Boleyn: the True Story of Henry VIII's Favourite Mistress |publisher= Amberley Publishing |edition=2 |location= |isbn=0-300-07158-2 |url= |ref=harv}}
*{{cite journal |last=Williams |first= James |title= Hunting and the Royal Image of Henry VIII |journal= Sport in History |volume=25 |year=2005 |pages=41–59 |issn=1746-0263 |doi= 10.1080/17460260500073082 |url= |ref=harv |issue=1}}
*{{cite book |last=Williams |first=Neville |year=1971 |title=Henry VIII and his Court |publisher=Macmillan Publishing Co |location= |isbn=978-0-02-629100-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviiihiscour00will|ref=harv}}
{{refend}}

== Marejeo mengine ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
=== Maisha ===
*{{cite book |first=John |last=Bowle |authorlink=John Edward Bowle |title=Henry VIII: a Study of Power in Action |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviii0000unse_s0t1 |year=1964 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company }}
*{{cite book |last=Erickson |first=Carolly |title=Mistress Anne: the Exceptional Life of Anne Boleyn |url=https://archive.org/details/mistressanne00eric |year=1984 }}
*{{cite journal |last=Cressy |first=David |title=Spectacle and Power: Apollo and Solomon at the Court of Henry VIII |journal=History Today |year=1982 |volume=32|issue=Oct |pages=16–22 |issn=0018-2753}}
*{{cite book |last=Gardner |first=James |chapter=Henry VIII |title=Cambridge Modern History |volume=2 |year=1903 |url=http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh213.html |access-date=2017-02-13 |archive-date=2011-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408075546/http://www.uni-mannheim.de/mateo/camenaref/cmh/cmh213.html |dead-url=yes }}
*{{cite book |last=Graves |first=Michael |title=Henry VIII' |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviiistudyin00grav |year=2003 }}
*{{cite book |last=Ives |first=E. W |chapter=Henry VIII (1491–1547) |title=The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |year=2004 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}
*{{cite book |last=Rex |first=Richard |title=Henry VIII and the English Reformation |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviiienglish0000rexr |year=1993 }}
*{{cite book |last=Ridley |first=Jasper |title=Henry VIII |url=https://archive.org/details/henryviii0000ridl |year=1985 }}
*{{cite book |last=Starkey |first=David |authorlink=David Starkey |title=The Reign of Henry VIII: Personalities and Politics |url=https://archive.org/details/reignofhenryviii0000star_h2r4 |year=2002 |publisher=Random House |isbn=978-0-09-944510-4}}
*{{cite book |last1=Starkey |first1=David |first2=Susan |last2=Doran |title=Henry VIII: Man and Monarch |year=2009 |publisher=British Library Publishing Division |isbn=978-0-7123-5025-9}}
*{{Cite journal |last=Tytler |first=Patrick Fraser |author-link=Patrick Fraser Tytler |year=1837 |title=Life of King Henry the Eighth |edition= |publisher=Oliver &amp; Boyd |location=Edinburgh |url=https://books.google.com/?id=lWUDAAAAQAAJ |accessdate=17 August 2008 }}
*{{cite book |last=Weir |first=Alison |title=The Children of Henry VIII |url=https://archive.org/details/childrenofhenryv0000weir |year=1996 }}

=== Utafiti wa kitaalamu ===
*{{cite book |last=Bernard |first=G. W. |title=War, Taxation, and Rebellion in Early Tudor England: Henry VIII, Wolsey, and the Amicable Grant of 1525 |year=1986}}
*{{cite journal |last=Bernard |first=G. W. |title=The Making of Religious Policy, 1533–1546: Henry VIII and the Search for the Middle Way |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_historical-journal_1998-06_41_2/page/321 |journal= Historical Journal |year=1998 |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=321–349 |issn=0018-246X |jstor=2640109 |doi=10.1017/S0018246X98007778}}
*{{cite journal |last=Bush |first=M. L. |title=The Tudor Polity and the Pilgrimage of Grace |journal=Historical Research |volume=80 |issue=207 |year=2007 |pages=47–72 |issn=0950-3471 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-2281.2006.00351.x}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Coleman |editor1-first=Christoper |editor2-first=David |editor2-last=Starkey|title=Revolution Reassessed: Revision in the History of Tudor Government and Administration |year=1986}}
*{{cite book | pages=78–203 |last=Doran |first=Susan |title=The Tudor Chronicles: 1485 - 1603 |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4351-0939-1|publisher=Sterling Publishing}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Fox |editor1-first=Alistair |editor2-first=John |editor2-last=Guy |title=Reassessing the Henrician Age: Humanism, Politics and Reform 1500–1550|url=https://archive.org/details/reassessinghenri0000foxa |year=1986}}
* Guy, John. ''The Children of Henry VIII'' (Oxford University Press; 2013) 258 pages; traces the lives of Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I, and Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond.
*{{cite journal |last=Head |first=David M. |title=Henry VIII's Scottish Policy: a Reassessment|journal=Scottish Historical Review |year=1982 |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=1–24 |issn=0036-9241}}
*{{cite journal |last=Head |first=David M. |title='If a Lion Knew His Own Strength': the Image of Henry VIII and His Historians |journal=International Social Science Review |year=1997 |volume=72 |issue=3–4 |pages=94–109|issn= 0278-2308}}
*{{cite journal |last=Hoak |first=Dale |title=Politics, Religion and the English Reformation, 1533–1547: Some Problems and Issues |journal=History Compass |year=2005 |issue=3 |issn=1478-0542}}
*{{cite book |last=Lindsey |first=Karen |year=1995 |title=Divorced, Beheaded, Survived: A Feminist Reinterpretation of the Wives of Henry VIII |publisher=Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. |location=Reading, MA., US |isbn=0-201-60895-2 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/6981860/divorced-beheaded-survived-a-feminist-reinterpretation }}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=MacCulloch |editor1-first=Diarmaid |title=The Reign of Henry VIII: Politics, Policy, and Piety |year=1995}}
*{{cite book |last=Marshall |first=Peter |title=(Re)defining the English Reformation |journal=Journal of British Studies |year=2009 |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=564–85}}
*{{cite book |last=Mackie |first=J. D. |title=The Earlier Tudors, 1485–1558 |year=1952 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/8546253/the-earlier-tudors-1485-1558 }}
*{{cite book|first=William J.|last=Maloney|title=Diseases, Disorders and Diagnoses of Historical Individuals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AhDUCgAAQBAJ|publisher=Anaphora Literary Press|year=2015|isbn=978-1-68114-193-0|ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |last=Moorhouse |first=Geoffrey |year=2003 |title=The Pilgrimage of Grace: the Rebellion That Shook Henry VIII's Throne |publisher=Phoenix |location= |isbn=978-1-84212-666-0}}
*{{cite book |last=Moorhouse |first=Geoffrey |title=Great Harry's Navy: How Henry VIII Gave England Seapower |url=https://archive.org/details/greatharrysnavyh0000moor_k8h2 |year=2007 }}
*{{cite book |last=Moorhouse |first=Geoffrey |title=The Last Divine Office: Henry VIII and the Dissolution of the Monasteries |url=https://archive.org/details/lastdivineoffice0000moor |year=2009 }}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Slavin |editor1-first=Arthur J |title=Henry VIII and the English Reformation |year=1968 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/97615501/henry-viii-and-the-english-reformation }}
*{{cite book |last=Smith |first=H. Maynard |title=Henry VIII and the Reformation |year=1948 |url=http://www.questia.com/read/8851653/henry-viii-and-the-reformation }}
*{{cite journal |last=Thurley |first= Simon |title= Palaces for a Nouveau Riche King |journal= History Today |volume=41 |year=1991  |issue=6}}
*{{cite book |last=Trollope |first=William |title=A practical and historical commentary on the liturgy and ritual of the Church of England: with examination questions |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oE4-AAAAYAAJ |year=1874 |publisher=J. Hall }}
*{{cite book |last=Wagner |first=John A. |title=Bosworth Field to Bloody Mary: An Encyclopedia of the Early Tudors  |year=2003|isbn=1-57356-540-7}}
*{{cite book |last=Walker |first=Greg |title=Writing under Tyranny: English Literature and the Henrician Reformation |year=2005}}
* Wernham, Richard Bruce. ''Before the Armada: the growth of English foreign policy, 1485-1588'' (1966), a standard history of foreign policy

=== Vyanzo ===
* Williams, C. M. A. H. ''[http://www.questia.com/read/104189416 English Historical Documents], 1485–1558'' (1996)
* ''Letters and papers, foreign and domestic, of the reign of Henry VIII: preserved in the Public Record Office, the British Museum and elsewhere'', volume 1 edited by John S. Brewer, Robert H. Brodie, James Gairdner. (1862); [https://books.google.com/books?id=q4Y9AAAAcAAJ full text online vol 1]; [https://books.google.com/books?id=Udk9AAAAcAAJ full text vol 3] See also [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/catalogue.aspx?type=3&amp;gid=126 ''Letters &amp; Papers, Henry VIII'', 21 vols., at British History Online],
* [https://archive.org/details/privypurseexpen02nicogoog Nicolas, Nicholas Harris, ed., ''The Privy Purse Expences of Henry VIII, 1529–1532'', Pickering, London (1827)]
* [[Martin Luther]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=oEy_3aDT61sC&amp;vid=OCLC02338418&amp;dq=%22%09Luther%27s+Correspondence+and+Other+Contemporary+Letters%22&amp;jtp=333 to Henry VIII, 1 September 1525]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=oEy_3aDT61sC&amp;vid=OCLC02338418&amp;dq=%22%09Luther%27s+Correspondence+and+Other+Contemporary+Letters%22&amp;jtp=374 Henry VIII to Martin Luther. August 1526]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=oEy_3aDT61sC&amp;vid=OCLC02338418&amp;dq=%22%09Luther%27s+Correspondence+and+Other+Contemporary+Letters%22&amp;jtp=160 Henry VIII to Frederic, John, and George, Dukes of Saxony. January. 20, 1523] re: Luther.
{{refend}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
*{{Commons category-inline|Henry VIII of England}}
*{{IMSLP|Henry VIII|Henry VIII}}
*{{ChoralWiki|Henry VIII}}
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Henry+VIII,+King+of+England}}
* [http://www.marileecody.com/henry8images.html Portraits of Henry VIII] {{Wayback|url=http://www.marileecody.com/henry8images.html |date=20181212153427 }}
{{mbegu-mwanasiasa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Henry 08 wa Uingereza}}
[[Category:Waliozaliwa 1491]]
[[Category:Waliofariki 1547]]
[[Category:Wafalme na malkia wa Uingereza]]
[[Category:Waanglikana]]
[[Category:Historia ya Kanisa]]
[[Category:Nasaba ya Tudor]]
[[Category:Renaissance]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Miraa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>93884</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241764</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-09T21:33:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3475" xml:space="preserve">{{Uainishaji (Mimea)
| jina = Miraa
| picha = Catha edulis.jpg
| maelezo_ya_picha = ''Catha edulis''
| himaya = [[Plantae]]
| divisheni_bila_tabaka = [[Angiosperms]]
| ngeli_bila_tabaka = [[Eudicots]]
| oda_bila_tabaka = [[Rosids]]
| oda = [[Celastrales]]
| familia = [[Celastraceae]]
| jenasi = ''[[Catha (plant)|Catha]]''
| spishi = '''''C. edulis'''''
| bingwa_wa_spishi =([[Martin Vahl|Vahl]]) [[Peter Forsskål|Forssk.]] ex [[Stephan Endlicher|Endl.]]
}}
[[Picha:Burao qat seller.jpg|200px|thumb|Miraa ikiuzwa sokoni huko [[Somaliland]]]]
[[Picha:Deakhat.jpg|thumb|250px|Vicha vya miraa]]
'''Miraa''' ni [[jani|majani]] na [[tawi|vitawi]] ya [[mrungi]], [[mti]] ulio na asili ya [[Pembe ya Afrika]] na [[Rasi ya Uarabuni]] inayojulikana pia kwa jina lake la Kiarabu '''Khat''' (&lt;big&gt;قات&lt;/big&gt;, ''Catha edulis''). Majani changa ya miraa hutafuniwa na kutumika kama kichochezi cha mwili na akili. [[Shirika la Afya Duniani]] (WHO) limeiweka miraa kwenye kundi la madawa ya kulevya. 

Miraa hukua kama [[kichaka]] au [[mti]] mdogo kwa urefu wa mita 1-5 na wakati mwingine huweza kufika urefu wa mita 10 penye tabianchi ya [[ikweta]]. Kwa kawaida mimea inakua katika mazingira yenye ukame, kwa kiwango cha joto la 5-35 ° C (41-95 ° F). Majani yake ni ya kijani, yenye urefu wa sentimeta 5-10 (inchi 2-4) na upana wa sentimeta 1-4 (inchi 0.39-1.6). 

Miraa huthibitiwa kwenye nchi mbalimbali kama vile [[Kanada]], [[Ujerumani]], [[Uingereza]], na [[Marekani]] wakati biashara na matumizi yake ni halali kwenye nchi za [[Jibuti]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Somalia]] na [[Yemeni]].

Miraa hujulikana kwa majina mbalimbali kama vile qat na gat huko Yemeni, qaat na jaad nchini Somalia, na chat huko Ethiopia. Pia inajulikana kama ''jimaa'' kwa [[Kioromo]], mairungu kwa [[Kikuyu (lugha)|Kikikuyu]] na ''mayirungi'' kwa [[Kiganda (lugha)|Kiganda]]. Miraa imekuwa ikitumiwa kwa karne nyingi katika Pembe ya Afrika na Peninsula ya Uarabuni. Huko, kutafuna miraa kulianza zamani hata kabla ya matumizi ya [[kahawa]]. Huko Uganda miraa hulimwa katika kanda ya Kati na baadhi ya maeneo ya kanda ya Magharibi ya nchi. Nchini Kenya hulimwa katika eneo la [[Meru]].

Ingawa tabia ya kutafuna miraa iko zaidi katika nchi ilipotokea, mmea huu hulimwa pia katika nchi za [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Msumbiji]], na [[Eswatini]].

Majani mabichi hutafunwa na wakati mwingine hukaushwa na kutumiwa kama chai. Majani au sehemu nyembamba ya tawi huweza kutafunwa kwa karanga za kukanga  au gamu ili iwe rahisi kutafuna. Katika nchi nyingi ambako miraa inatumika, mara nyingi watumiaji wake ni wanaume. Moja ya madhara yake ni kupoteza hamu ya chakula.

Miraa ni maarufu sana Yemeni ambapo kilimo chake hutumia rasilimali nyingi za kilimo. Inakadiriwa kuwa asilimia 40 ya maji ya nchi huelekea kumwagilia miraa na uzalishaji unaongezeka kwa asilimia 10 hadi 15 kila mwaka. Sababu moja kubwa ya kulimwa kwa miraa Yemeni ni mapato yanayotokana na zao hili. Nchini Kenya miraa huzalisha hasa katika [[Meru (Kenya)|eneo la Meru]] kwa ajili ya soko ya Somalia.

== Viungo vya Nje ==
* [http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/drug-profiles/khat Habari kuhusu miraa]
* [http://www.africanplants.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?submitForm=true&amp;page_id=77&amp;searchTextMenue=Catha+edulis&amp;filterRegionIDs%5B%5D=6&amp;filterRegionIDs%5B%5D=1&amp;filterRegionIDs%5B%5D=2&amp;filterRegionIDs%5B%5D=3&amp;filterRegionIDs%5B%5D=5 Picha za mimea ya Afrika]

{{mbegu-kemia}}

[[Jamii:Madawa ya Kulevya]]
[[Jamii:Madawa]]</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na msongamano wa watu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>94391</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241750</id>
      <parentid>1017752</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:39:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8773" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Africa densidade pop.svg|thumb|Ramani ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na wingi wa watu.]]
Hii ni '''orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na [[msongamano]] wa watu''' kwa kila [[km²]] ([[takwimu]] za [[mwaka]] [[2015]]). 

[[Misri]] yote imejumuishwa, ingawa sehemu ya eneo la Misri inapatikana [[Asia]]. 

[[Saint Helena]], ikiwa imekaribiana sana na [[Afrika]], imejumuishwa pia.
&lt;ref&gt;[http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DVD/Files/1_Indicators%20(Standard)/EXCEL_FILES/1_Population/WPP2015_POP_F01_1_TOTAL_POPULATION_BOTH_SEXES.XLS ''United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs - Population Division'' Total Population Both sexes, July, 2015]&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;

!Nafasi
!Nchi huru au eneo
!Msongamano (watu/km²)
!Eneo (km²)
!Wakazi (kadirio la mwaka 2015)
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| —
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Mayotte]] ([[Ufaransa]])
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 641.7
|align=&quot;center&quot; |374
|align=&quot;center&quot; |240,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 1
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Mauritius]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 624.0
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,040
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,273,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 2
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Rwanda]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 440.8
|align=&quot;center&quot; |26,338
|align=&quot;center&quot; |11,610,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 3
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Burundi]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 401.7
|align=&quot;center&quot; |27,830
|align=&quot;center&quot; |11,179,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 4
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Komori]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 363.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,170
|align=&quot;center&quot; |788,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| —
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Réunion]] (Ufaransa)
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 342.8
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,512
|align=&quot;center&quot; |861,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 5
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Shelisheli]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 211.0
|align=&quot;center&quot; |455
|align=&quot;center&quot; |96,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 6
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Nigeria]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 197.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |923,768
|align=&quot;center&quot; |182,202,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 7
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[São Tomé na Príncipe]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 189.8
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,001
|align=&quot;center&quot; |190,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 8
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Gambia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 176.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |11,300
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,991,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 9
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Uganda]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 165.4
|align=&quot;center&quot; |236,040
|align=&quot;center&quot; |39,032,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 10
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Malawi]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 145.3
|align=&quot;center&quot; |118,480
|align=&quot;center&quot; |17,215,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 11
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Cape Verde]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 129.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |4,033
|align=&quot;center&quot; |521,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 12
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Togo]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 128.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |56,785
|align=&quot;center&quot; |7,305,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 13
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Ghana]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 114.5
|align=&quot;center&quot; |239,460
|align=&quot;center&quot; |27,410,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 14
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Benin]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 96.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |112,620
|align=&quot;center&quot; |10,880,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 15
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Misri]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 91.4
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,001,450
|align=&quot;center&quot; |91,508,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 16
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Sierra Leone]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 89.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |71,740
|align=&quot;center&quot; |6,453,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 17
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Ethiopia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 88.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,127,127
|align=&quot;center&quot; |99,391,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 18
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Kenya]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 79.0
|align=&quot;center&quot; |582,650
|align=&quot;center&quot; |46,050,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 19
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Senegal]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 77.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |196,190
|align=&quot;center&quot; |15,129,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 20
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Moroko]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 77.0
|align=&quot;center&quot; |446,550
|align=&quot;center&quot; |34,378,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 21
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Eswatini]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 74.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |17,363
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,287,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 22
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Côte d'Ivoire]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 70.4
|align=&quot;center&quot; |322,460
|align=&quot;center&quot; |22,702,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 23
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Lesotho]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 70.3
|align=&quot;center&quot; |30,355
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,135,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 24
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Tunisia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 68.8
|align=&quot;center&quot; |163,610
|align=&quot;center&quot; |11,254,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 25
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Burkina Faso]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 66.0
|align=&quot;center&quot; |274,200
|align=&quot;center&quot; |18,106,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 26
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Tanzania]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 56.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |945,087
|align=&quot;center&quot; |53,470,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 27
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Guinea]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 51.3
|align=&quot;center&quot; |245,857
|align=&quot;center&quot; |12,609,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 28
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Guinea-Bissau]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 51.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |36,120
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,844,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 29
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Cameroon]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 49.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |475,440
|align=&quot;center&quot; |23,344,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 30
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Afrika Kusini]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 44.7
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,219,912
|align=&quot;center&quot; |54,490,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 31
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Eritrea]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 43.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |121,320
|align=&quot;center&quot; |5,228,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 32
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Madagaska]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 41.3
|align=&quot;center&quot; |587,040
|align=&quot;center&quot; |24,235,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 33
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Liberia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 40.4
|align=&quot;center&quot; |111,370
|align=&quot;center&quot; |4,503,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 34
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Zimbabwe]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 39.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |390,580
|align=&quot;center&quot; |15,603,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 35
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Jibuti]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 38.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |23,000
|align=&quot;center&quot; |888,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 36
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Msumbiji]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 34.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |801,590
|align=&quot;center&quot; |27,978,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 37
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 32.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,345,410
|align=&quot;center&quot; |77,267,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 38
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Guinea ya Ikweta]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 30.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |28,051
|align=&quot;center&quot; |845,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 39
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Sudan]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 21.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,861,484
|align=&quot;center&quot; |40,235,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 40
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Zambia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 21.5
|align=&quot;center&quot; |752,614
|align=&quot;center&quot; |16,212,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 41
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Angola]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 20.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,246,700
|align=&quot;center&quot; |25,022,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 42
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Sudan Kusini]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 19.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |644,329
|align=&quot;center&quot; |12,340,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 43
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Somalia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 16.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |637,657
|align=&quot;center&quot; |10,787,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 44
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Algeria]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 16.7
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,381,740
|align=&quot;center&quot; |39,667,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 45
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Niger]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 15.7
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,267,000
|align=&quot;center&quot; |19,899,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 46
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Mali]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 14.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,240,000
|align=&quot;center&quot; |17,600,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 47
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Jamhuri ya Kongo]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 13.5
|align=&quot;center&quot; |342,000
|align=&quot;center&quot; |4,620,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 48
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Chad]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 10.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,284,000
|align=&quot;center&quot; |14,037,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| —
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Saint Helena]], Ascension na Tristan da Cunha (UK)
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 19.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |394
|align=&quot;center&quot; |7,729
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 49
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 7.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |622,984
|align=&quot;center&quot; |4,900,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 50
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Gabon]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 6.4
|align=&quot;center&quot; |267,667
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,725,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 51
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Mauritania]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 3.9
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,030,700
|align=&quot;center&quot; |4,068,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 52
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Botswana]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 3.8
|align=&quot;center&quot; |600,370
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,262,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 53
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Libya]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 3.6
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,759,540
|align=&quot;center&quot; |6,278,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 54
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Namibia]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 3.0
|align=&quot;center&quot; |825,418
|align=&quot;center&quot; |2,459,000
|-
| align=&quot;center&quot;| —
| align=&quot;left&quot; |[[Sahara Magharibi]]
| align=&quot;center&quot;| 2.2
|align=&quot;center&quot; |266,000
|align=&quot;center&quot; |573,000
|-
| align=&quot;left&quot; | '''''WASTANI/JUMLA'''''
|align=&quot;center&quot; |39.1
|align=&quot;center&quot; |30,360,301
|align=&quot;center&quot; |1,186,178,255
|}

==Angalia pia==
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na idadi ya watu]]
* [[Orodha ya nchi za Afrika kulingana na pato la taifa]]
* [[Demografia ya Afrika]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{Africa topics}}

[[Category:Orodha za Afrika]]
[[Category:Nchi za Afrika|*]]
[[Jamii:Orodha za kijiografia]]
[[Jamii:Demografia]]</text>
      <sha1>ttybb7pujqorp6715rmvuozlivox3r1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uchimbaji madini</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>96462</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241749</id>
      <parentid>1102839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:37:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3450" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Kalgoorlie open cast mine.jpg|alt=Uchimbaji wa makaa ya mawe|thumb|247x247px|Uchimbaji wa [[makaa ya mawe]] ya juu]]
[[File:Wurfschaufellader 01.JPG|thumb|Mchimbaji madini na [[mashine]] ya kuchimbia]].
'''Uchimbaji madini''' ni kitendo cha kuchimba [[ardhi]] kwa ajili ya kupata [[madini]]. Kitu chochote ambacho hakiwezi kukuzwa kwa njia ya michakato ya [[kilimo]] au kuundwa katika [[maabara]] au [[kiwanda]] ni lazima kichimbwe. Kile kitendo cha kuchukua madini kutoka ardhini ndicho kinachoitwa uchimbaji madini. 

Uchimbuaji wa [[madini]] ya thamani au [[vifaa]] vingine vya ki[[jiolojia]] kutoka [[dunia]]ni unaweza kufanywa ili kupata madini ya [[metali]] au yasiyo metali, kwa mfano: [[almasi]], [[dhahabu]], [[shaba]], [[makaa ya mawe]], [[chumvi]], [[chuma]], [[mawe]], [[chokaa]], [[choko]], [[mwamba chumvi]], [[Potasiamu|potashi]], [[changarawe]], [[udongo]], [[petroli]], [[gesi asilia]] au hata [[maji]]. 

Uchimbaji mwingine hufanywa kwa kuondoa [[uchafu]] juu ya ardhi. Uchimbaji huu huitwa [[uchimbaji wa juu ya ardhi]]. Uchimbaji mwingine hufanywa kwa kuchimba ndani zaidi kwenye ardhi kwenye mashimo ya ''machimbo ya madini''. Aina hii ya uchimbaji huitwa ''uchimbaji wa ardhini''. Lakini kuna baadhi ya madini yanachimbwa kwa [[njia]] tofauti kabisa na aina hizi za uchimbaji, mfano machimbo ya madini ya dhahabu.

[[Mfanyakazi]] anayechimba madini huitwa [[mchimba madini]]. Uchimbaji wa madini wa chini ya ardhi ni wa hatari sana: wachimba madini kila [[mwaka]] hufa kwenye [[ajali]] hizo, mara nyingi katika [[nchi]] [[maskini]]. [[Kifaa]] muhimu kwa ajili ya kuongeza [[usalama]] hutumika ili kupunguza [[Kifo|vifo]] vya wachimba madini.

Kuna baadhi ya [[miji]] iliyoanza kwa ajili ya uchimbaji madini na wakazi wa maeneo hayo huwa ndio wanaochimba madini hayo kama [[ajira]].

== Historia ==
Uchimbaji wa mawe na [[chuma]] imekuwa shughuli za binadamu tangu nyakati za ki[[historia]]. Michakato ya kisasa ya madini huhusisha utafutaji wa miili ya madini, uchambuzi wa uwezekano wa faida ya [[mgodi]] uliopendekezwa, uchimbaji wa vifaa vinavyotakiwa, na kukamilisha mwisho wa [[ardhi]] baada ya mgodi kufungwa.

Tangu mwanzo wa ustaarabu, watu wametumia jiwe, keramik na baadaye [[metali]] zilizopatikana karibu na [[uso wa Dunia]]. Hizi zilitumika kufanya vifaa vya mapema na [[silaha]]; Kwa mfano, jiwe la juu linapatikana kaskazini mwa [[Ufaransa]], kusini mwa [[Uingereza]] na [[Poland]] lilikuwa linatumiwa kuunda zana za majani. Migodi ya miguu imepatikana katika maeneo ya shimo ambapo sehemu za jiwe zilifuatiwa chini ya [[ardhi]] na  [[nyumba]]. [[Migahawa]]  ya[[Krzemionki]] ni maarufu sana, na kama vile migodi mingine ya majani, ni asili ya [[Neolithic|zama za mwisho za mawe]] (ca 4000-3000 BC). [[Miamba]] mingine migumu iliyopigwa au iliyokusanywa kwa [[shanga]] ni pamoja na jiwe la kijani la sekta ya [[shaba]] ya [[Langdale]] iliyo katika [[Wilaya]] ya [[Ziwa la Uingereza.]]

Mgodi wa zamani zaidi juu ya rekodi za [[akiolojia]] ni &quot;Pango la Simba&quot; nchini [[Eswatini]], ambayo ufanyaji wa tarehe kwa [[mionzi ya kaboni]] inaonyesha kuwa karibu miaka 43,000. Katika [[tovuti]] hii watu wa [[Paleolithic|zama za kati za mawe]] walichimba [[hematite|madini]] ili kuifanya rangi nyekundu. Mimea ya umri kama huo katika [[Hungary]] inaaminika kuwa maeneo ambayo [[Uholanzi]] inaweza kuwa na minda ya madini kwa [[silaha]] na [[zana]].
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  <page>
    <title>Tarasius Mtakatifu</title>
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      <text bytes="1539" xml:space="preserve">[[image:Patriarch Tarasios.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Picha takatifu]] ya Mt. Tarasius iliyochorwa na [[Johann Conrad Dorner]], [[1848]]–[[1852]].]]
'''Tarasius Mtakatifu''' (kwa [[Kigiriki]]: Άγιος Ταράσιος, Agios Tarasios; [[Konstantinopoli]], leo nchini [[Uturuki]], [[730]] hivi – Konstantinopoli, [[25 Februari]] [[806]]) alikuwa [[Patriarki]] wa [[mji]] huo kuanzia [[25 Desemba]] [[784]] hadi [[kifo]] chake.

Maarufu kwa [[maadili]] na [[ujuzi]], alifungua na kufanikisha [[Mtaguso wa pili wa Nisea]] ([[787]]).

Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Waorthodoksi]] na [[Wakatoliki]] kama [[mtakatifu]].

[[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[18 Februari]]&lt;ref&gt;''Martyrologium Romanum'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001 ISBN|88-209-7210-7)&lt;/ref&gt; au 25 Februari au [[10 Machi]].

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

==Marejeo==
*''The [[Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium]]'', Oxford University Press, 1991.
*''The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church'', third edition
*''Byzantium: the Early Centuries'' by John Julius Norwich, 1988.

==Viungo vya nje==
*[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?FSID=100605 St Tarasius the Archbishop of Constantinople] Orthodox [[icon]] and [[synaxarion]]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Tarasi wa Konstantinopoli}}
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[[Category:Watakatifu wa Uturuki]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Ufalme wa Mutapa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>1241743</id>
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        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
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      <text bytes="1793" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Monomotapa Map.jpg|thumb|Ramani ya [[Willem Janszoon Blaeu]] huonyesha Monomotapa mnamo [[1635]].]]
'''Ufalme wa Mutapa''' (au &quot;Mwenemutapa&quot;) ni [[ufalme]] wa [[Wakaranga]] ulioenea kutoka [[mto Zambezi]] kupitia [[mto]] [[Limpopo]] hadi [[Bahari ya Hindi]] [[kusini mwa Afrika]], katika [[nchi]] za kisasa za [[Zimbabwe]], [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Lesotho]], [[Eswatini]], [[Msumbiji]] na sehemu za [[Namibia]] na [[Botswana]], tena hadi [[Zambia]] ya kisasa.
 
Katika [[ramani]] ya Kireno ya [[karne ya 16]] Monomotapa ililala ndani ya [[Afrika Kusini]].

[[Minara]] maarufu ya wakati huo iko Zimbabwe.

== Asili ya jina ==
[[Neno]] la [[Kireno]] Monomotapa ni [[tafsiri]] ya [[jina]] la [[kifalme]] la [[Afrika]] Mwenemutapa, maana &quot;[[mkuu]] wa [[ulimwengu]]&quot;. Inatokana na mchanganyiko wa maneno mawili Mwene maana yake mkuu, na Mutapa maana yake ulimwengu. 

Baada ya muda [[cheo]] cha kifalme kilikuwa kinatumiwa kwa ufalme kwa ujumla, na kutumika kutaja eneo la ufalme kwenye ramani kutoka wakati huo.

== Historia ==
Msingi wa [[nasaba]] ya [[utawala]] huko [[Mutapa]] kurudi kwa wakati fulani katika [[nusu]] ya kwanza ya [[karne ya 15]]. 

Kwa mujibu wa [[mila]] ya [[mdomo]], &quot;Mwene&quot; wa kwanza alikuwa mkuu wa [[jeshi]] aitwaye [[Nyatsimba]] [[Mutota]] kutoka Ufalme wa Zimbabwe alimtuma kupata vyanzo vipya vya [[chumvi]] kaskazini. Hiyo ni [[hadithi]] ya kwanza mkuu Mutota alipata [[chumvi]] kati ya [[Tavara]], mgawanyiko wa Kishani, ambao walikuwa [[wawindaji]] wa [[tembo]].

{{mbegu-historia}}
[[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Zimbabwe]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Zambia]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Msumbiji]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Botswana]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Lesotho]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Eswatini]]
[[Jamii:Historia ya Namibia]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>DStv</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>112270</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241748</id>
      <parentid>1233903</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:33:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
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      <text bytes="744" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:DStv logo 2012.jpg|thumb|DStv.]]
'''DStv''' ([[kifupi]] cha: '''Digital Satellite Television''') ni [[kampuni]] ya kutangaza huduma za [[satelaiti]] inayomilikiwa na [[MultiChoice]]. 

Huduma hiyo ilizinduliwa [[mwaka]] [[1995]] na hutoa huduma nyingi kwa wanachama wao, ambao kwa sasa ni [[idadi]] ya karibu [[milioni]] 11.9. Wengi wa wanachama wako [[Afrika Kusini]], [[Nigeria]], [[Kenya]], [[Ghana]], [[Angola]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Zambia]], [[Uganda]], [[Mauritius]], [[Msumbiji]], [[Tanzania]], [[Lesotho]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Jamhuri ya Kongo]], [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]], [[Gabon]], [[Eswatini]] na [[Botswana]] ambayo pia inahudumiwa na kampuni hiyo.

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[[Jamii:Makampuni ya Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii:Kifupi]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Philemon Otieno</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>1241747</id>
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      <text bytes="488" xml:space="preserve">'''Philemon Omondi Otieno''' (alizaliwa [[18 Oktoba]] [[1992]]) ni [[Mchezaji]] wa soka wa Kenya ambaye anacheza kama [[kiungo (michezo)|kiungo]] wa [[klabu]] wa [[Gor Mahia]] na [[timu ya taifa]] ya [[Kenya]].

==Kazi ya kimataifa==
Otieno alicheza kwa mara ya kwanza katika [[Timu ya taifa]] ya [[Kenya]] tarehe [[25 Mei]] [[2018]] dhidi ya [[Timu ya taifa]] ya [[Eswatini]]. 

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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>SEO</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-10T09:55:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sametovkaya</username>
        <id>55415</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="3774" xml:space="preserve">'''SEO''' ([[kifupi]] cha [[Neno|maneno]] ya [[Kiingereza]]: ''Search engine optimization'') ni utaratibu wa kuongeza [[ubora]] na wingi wa watembeleaji wa [[tovuti]] kwa kuongeza upatikanaji wa tovuti au [[ukurasa]] mmojawapo wa tovuti kwa watumiaji wa tovuti za kutafuta kurasa na habari [[Mtandao|mtandaoni]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/SEO.html|title=SEO - search engine optimization|last=|first=|date=|website=Webopedia|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br&gt; Utaratibu huo unajumuisha tu uboreshaji usiotumia malipo ya matangazo. 

[https://ozguraltun.com.tr/ SEO] inaweza kulenga tovuti za kutafuta za aina mbalimbali kama vile utafutaji wa [[picha]], utafutaji wa [[video]], [[Jarida|majarida]] ya kitaaluma, &lt;ref name=&quot;aseo&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.sciplore.org/publications/2010-ASEO--preprint.pdf|title=Academic Search Engine Optimization (ASEO): Optimizing Scholarly Literature for Google Scholar and Co.|author=Beel, Jöran and Gipp, Bela and Wilde, Erik|first=|date=|year=2010|website=|publisher=Journal of Scholarly Publishing|pages=176–190|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=April 18, 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118043054/http://www.sciplore.org/publications/2010-ASEO--preprint.pdf|archivedate=2017-11-18}}&lt;/ref&gt; utafutaji wa habari na utafutaji wa kisekta. 

Uboreshaji wa tovuti unaweza kujumuisha kuhariri habari zilizomo kwenye tovuti hiyo, kuboresha [[HTML]] na mbinu nyingine nyingi. Baadhi ya mbinu zinakubalika na tovuti za kutafuta ile mbinu nyingine huonekana kuwa ni za ulaghai.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/Black_Hat_SEO.html &quot;What is Blackhat SEO?&quot; June 14, 2019.]&lt;/ref&gt; 

Kufikia [[Mei]] [[2015]], utafutaji kwa kutumia [[simu za mkononi]] ulipiku ule wa kutumia [[kompyuta]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://adwords.blogspot.com/2015/05/building-for-next-moment.html &quot;Inside AdWords: Building for the next moment&quot; ''Google Inside Adwords'' May 15, 2015.]&lt;/ref&gt;

Kama mbinu ya kujitangaza mtandaoni, [http://SEO https://ozguraltun.com.tr/] inatazama jinsi tovuti za kutafuta zinavyofanya kazi, [[algorithm]] zinazoonyesha [[tabia]] za tovuti za kutafuta, maneno yanatotumiwa na watafutaji, n.k.

== Historia ==
Waangalizi wa tovuti na watoa habari walianza kuboresha tovuti kwa njia hiyo toka katikati ya [[1990]]. Mwanzoni, waangalizi wa tovuti walitakiwa kutuma [[anwani]] za tovuti zao kwa tovuti za kutafuta.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.thinkpink.com/bp/Thesis/Thesis.pdf| format =PDF | title=Finding What People Want: Experiences with the WebCrawler|accessdate=May 7, 2007| publisher=The Second International WWW Conference Chicago, USA, October 17–20, 1994|author=Brian Pinkerton}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
*{{DMOZ|Computers/Internet/Web_Design_and_Development/Promotion/|Web Development Promotion}}
*[https://alparslanduygu.com/seo SEO - Arama Motoru Optimizasyonu]
* [https://support.google.com/webmasters/bin/answer.py?hl=en&amp;answer=35769 Google Webmaster Guidelines]
* [https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/www.google.com/en//insidesearch/howsearchworks/assets/searchqualityevaluatorguidelines.pdf Google Search Quality Evaluators Guidelines, July 20, 2018 (PDF)]
* [https://help.yahoo.com/kb/search/SLN2245.html Yahoo! Webmaster Guidelines]
* [http://www.bing.com/webmaster/help/webmaster-guidelines-30fba23a Bing Webmaster Guidelines]
* &quot;[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/13/business/13search.html The Dirty Little Secrets of Search]&quot;, article in [[The New York Times]] (February 12, 2011)
* {{Youtube|id=7Hk5uVv8JpM|title=Google I/O 2010&amp;nbsp;– SEO site advice from the experts}}&amp;nbsp;– Technical tutorial on search engine optimization, given at [[Google I/O]] 2010.
{{tech-stub}}
[[Jamii:Kifupi]]
[[Jamii:Intaneti]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Yohane-Fransisko-Regis Clet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>116665</id>
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      <id>1241736</id>
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        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
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      <text bytes="1718" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:Francois-Regis Clet.jpg|thumb|Mtakatifu akishika [[msalaba]].]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}, [[C.M.]]''' ([[Grenoble]], [[19 Agosti]] [[1748]] – [[Wuchang]], [[18 Februari]] [[1820]]) alikuwa [[padri]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]] aliyefanya kwa miaka 30 [[umisionari]] mgumu [[Bara|barani]] [[Asia]] akawekwa katika kifungo kikali gerezani akauawa kwa kunyongwa nchini [[China]] kwa ajili ya [[imani]] yake ya [[Kikristo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://saints.sqpn.com/saintf0u.htm|title=Saint Francis Ferdinand de Capillas|publisher=Patron Saints Index|accessdate=2008-04-24|archivedate=2008-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506203947/http://saints.sqpn.com/saintf0u.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Alitangazwa kuwa [[mtakatifu]] pamoja na wengine 119 waliofuata [[kifodini]] chake na [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] [[tarehe]] [[1 Oktoba]] [[2000]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.katolsk.no/biografi/fcapilla.htm|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2009-04-24|publisher=katolsk.no|title=Den hellige Frans Fernández de Capillas (1607-1648)|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209140000/http://www.katolsk.no/biografi/fcapilla.htm|archivedate=2008-02-09|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] ya [[kifo]] chake, lakini pia pamoja na wenzake tarehe [[9 Julai]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]
*[[Wafiadini wa China]]

==Tanbihi==
{{Reflist}}
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
{{BD|1748|1820}}
[[Category:Wavinsenti]]
[[Category:Mapadri]]
[[Category:Wamisionari]]
[[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa China]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Yohane Petro Neel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>116676</id>
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      <id>1241737</id>
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        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <text bytes="1738" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Martyr Saints of China.jpg|thumb|[[Wafiadini]] [[Wakatoliki]] wa China.]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}, [[M.E.P.]]''' ([[Soleymieux]], [[18 Oktoba]] [[1832]] – [[Kaiyang]], [[18 Februari]] [[1862]]) alikuwa [[padri]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]] aliyefanya [[umisionari]] [[Bara|barani]] [[Asia]] akauawa kwa kuburuzwa kwanza na [[farasi]] mwenye [[kasi]] na hatimaye kukatwa [[kichwa]] kwa sababu ya kuhubiri nchini [[China]] kwa ajili ya [[imani]] yake ya [[Kikristo]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://saints.sqpn.com/saintf0u.htm|title=Saint Francis Ferdinand de Capillas|publisher=Patron Saints Index|accessdate=2008-04-24|archivedate=2008-05-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506203947/http://saints.sqpn.com/saintf0u.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Alitangazwa kuwa [[mtakatifu]] pamoja na wengine 119 waliofuata [[kifodini]] chake na [[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] [[tarehe]] [[1 Oktoba]] [[2000]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.katolsk.no/biografi/fcapilla.htm|language=Norwegian|accessdate=2009-04-24|publisher=katolsk.no|title=Den hellige Frans Fernández de Capillas (1607-1648)|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209140000/http://www.katolsk.no/biografi/fcapilla.htm|archivedate=2008-02-09|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] ya [[kifo]] chake, lakini pamoja na wenzake ni tarehe [[9 Julai]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]
*[[Wafiadini wa China]]

==Tanbihi==
{{Reflist}}
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
{{BD|1832|1862}}
[[Category:Mapadri]]
[[Category:Wamisionari]]
[[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa China]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Yohane Zhang Tianshen</title>
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        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="829" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Martyr Saints of China.jpg|thumb|[[Wafiadini]] [[Wakatoliki]] wa China.]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ([[Jiashanlong]], [[1805]] hivi - [[Kaiyang]] [[18 Februari]] [[1862]]) alikuwa [[mwanamume]] wa [[China]] aliyefia [[Ukristo]].

[[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] alimtangaza [[mtakatifu]] pamoja na wengine 119 [[tarehe]] [[1 Oktoba]] [[2000]]. 

[[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[9 Julai]], lakini ya kwake mwenyewe tarehe ya [[kifodini]] chake&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Tazama pia==
*[[Wafiadini wa China]]
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Category:Waliozaliwa 1805]]
[[Category:Waliofariki 1862]]
[[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]]
[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa China]]</text>
      <sha1>lceub3j23duhhpagjymjdzxoprp80ao</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yohane Chen Xianheng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>116679</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241739</id>
      <parentid>1137787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:35:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="825" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Martyr Saints of China.jpg|thumb|[[Wafiadini]] [[Wakatoliki]] wa China.]]
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ([[Chengdu]], [[1820]] hivi - [[Kaiyang]] [[18 Februari]] [[1862]]) alikuwa [[mwanamume]] wa [[China]] aliyefia [[Ukristo]].

[[Papa Yohane Paulo II]] alimtangaza [[mtakatifu]] pamoja na wengine 119 [[tarehe]] [[1 Oktoba]] [[2000]]. 

[[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[9 Julai]], lakini ya kwake mwenyewe tarehe ya [[kifodini]] chake&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Tazama pia==
*[[Wafiadini wa China]]
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Category:Waliozaliwa 1820]]
[[Category:Waliofariki 1862]]
[[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]]
[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa China]]</text>
      <sha1>7sju75swulae2xl3ftp4s7eynqoesx8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mto Assegaai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>117715</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241746</id>
      <parentid>1125015</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:28:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1323" xml:space="preserve">[[Picha:South Africa relief location map.svg|thumb|Ramani]]
'''Mto Assegaai''' umeanzia [[kaskazini]] mwa [[Wakkerstroom]], [[Mpumalanga]], [[Afrika Kusini]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://za.geoview.info/assegaai_river,179376725w Assegai River], tovuti ya za.geoview.info, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2019&lt;/ref&gt;, na hutiririkia kwenye [[bwawa Heyshope]], kusini mashariki mwa [[Piet Retief, Mpumalanga|Piet Retief]]. 

Huingiapo [[Eswatini]] hufahamika kama '''mto Mhkondvo''' na hukatiza katika [[milima]] na kutengeneza [[korongo Mahamba]]. Ndani ya Eswatini mto huu hutiririka kuelekea kaskazini mashariki na hatimaye kuishia kwenye [[Mto Usuta]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Water-report3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|editor-last=Ünver |editor-first=Olcay |year=2009 |chapter=Swaziland |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 3: Facing the Challenges |location=London |publisher=Earthscan for World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SMLu48EuMA0C&amp;pg=RA1-PA9 9] |isbn=978-1-84407-840-0}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[Tawimto|Matawimto]] ya mto Assegaai hujumuisha [[Mto Ngulane]], [[Mto Anysspruit]], [[Mto Boesmanspruit]], na [[Mto Klein Assegaai]].

== Tazama pia ==
* [[Orodha ya mito ya Afrika Kusini]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
[[Jamii:Mito ya Afrika Kusini|A]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Eswatini|A]]
[[Jamii:Mito ya Afrika|A]]</text>
      <sha1>kdq2zybt37ggn7c5chdifg79zy57ln2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Enoch Sontonga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>120192</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241745</id>
      <parentid>1229779</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:20:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika */ upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2664" xml:space="preserve">[[image:Sontonga.jpg|thumb|Picha yake halisi.]] 
'''Enoch Mankayi Sontonga''' ([[1873]] hivi – [[18 Aprili]] [[1905]]) alikuwa [[mtunzi]] wa [[nyimbo]] nchini [[Afrika ya Kusini]].

Wimbo wake maarufu zaidi alioandika ni &quot;Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika&quot; ([[1897]]) au [[Mungu ibariki Afrika]] katika [[lugha]] ya [[Kiswahili]].

==Maisha ya awali==
Enoch Sontonga alitokea katika [[kabila]] maarufu la [[Waxhosa]] na alizwaliwa katika [[mji]] wa [[Uitenhage]], [[mashariki]] mwa jimbo la Cape Colony, ambako pia ni nyumbani kwa [[Nelson Mandela]]. 

Alikuwa akifanya [[kazi]] ya [[ualimu]] na baadaye alikuwa [[kiongozi]] wa [[kwaya]].

Sontonga [[Ndoa|alioana]] na Diana Mngqibisa na mke wake huyo alifariki mwaka [[1929]].

==Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika==
Nyimbo nyingi za Enoch Sontonga zilikuwa nyimbo za [[huzuni]] kuhusu [[maisha]] magumu ya Wafrika chini ya utawala wa Wazungu waliokuwa wanawakandamiza Wafrika katika bara lote. Wimbo wake, Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika, ulitokana na [[maumivu]] hayo ya Wafrika ingawa pia ulikuwa wimbo wa kuwapa [[tumaini]] kwamba hawako peke yao. [[Mungu]] yuko nao, au yuko nasi, ingawa tunaumia na tunateswa na wanaotutawala kwa mabavu.

Alitunga wimbo huo kama wimbo wa [[Kanisa]] katika lugha yake ya [[Kixhosa]] kama ni wimbo wa [[bara]] lote. Ndiyo maana alisema Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika, God Bless Africa, si God Bless South Africa.

Alipotunga wimbo huo mwaka wa 1897, haukuimbwa hadharani mpaka mwaka wa [[1899]]. Uliimbwa kanisani kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka huo. Halafu, baada ya miaka [[kumi na tatu]], uliimbwa kwenye mkutano wa kwanza wa South African Native Congress mwaka wa [[1912]] uliofanyika [[Bloemfontein]] kuanzisha chama hicho kugombea haki za Wafrika.

Kuanzia [[mwaka]] [[1925]] wimbo wake ulikuwa ukitumika kama wimbo wa wapigania [[uhuru]] wa [[Chama cha kisiasa|chama]] cha [[African National Congress]] kilipokuwa kinapambana na ukandamizaji wa [[Makaburu]], na kufikia mwaka [[1994]] wimbo huo ulianza kutumika rasmi kama [[wimbo wa taifa]] la Afrika ya Kusini.

Katika nyimbo za [[mataifa]] ya [[Afrika]], hakuna wimbo mwingine unaojulikana kama wimbo huo. Umeimbwa pia katika nchi nyingine, kwa mfano [[Zambia]], [[Zimbabwe]] na [[Namibia]], na labda hata [[Botswana]], [[Lesotho]], [[Eswatini]] na [[Malawi]] kwa miaka mingi. Hata katika nchi za [[Afrika Magharibi]], watu wengi wanajua Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika ni wimbo gani na unamaanisha nini. Ukienda [[Misri]], [[Algeria]] na nchi nyingine huko, utawakuta watu wengi wanaojua kuhusu Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika.

==Marejeo==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{mbegu-mwanamuziki}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sontonga, Enoch Mankayi}}
{{BD|1873|1905}}
[[Category:Wanamuziki wa Afrika Kusini]]</text>
      <sha1>3az0o67kuejhoast60ycz1h0ogrk9nw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sadoth na wenzake</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>132952</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241731</id>
      <parentid>1151744</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:21:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1101" xml:space="preserve">'''Sadoth na wenzake 128''' (karibu wote walifariki [[Seleucia]], leo nchini [[Iraq]], [[342]]) walikuwa [[Wakristo]], wakiwemo hasa [[wakleri]] na [[watawa]], waliouawa kikatili na [[Wasasanidi]] kwa sababu walikataa kuabudu [[jua]] kutokana na [[imani]] yao baada ya kuteswa [[Gereza|gerezani]] miezi mitano.

Sadoth alikuwa [[askofu mkuu]] wao tangu [[mwaka]] mmoja tu. Hatimaye alitengwa nao na kupelekwa [[Beth Lapat]] kukatwa [[kichwa]] huko&lt;ref&gt;http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/41460&lt;/ref&gt;.

Tangu kale wanaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]], [[Waorthodoksi]] na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] kama [[watakatifu]] [[wafiadini]].

[[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[18 Februari]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt; au [[20 Februari]].

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Category:Waliofariki 342]]
[[Category:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]]
[[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Uajemi]]
[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Irak]]</text>
      <sha1>d4935ha4zs798punbl1xsc4y6yx1khc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241732</id>
      <parentid>1241731</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:26:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2152" xml:space="preserve">'''Sadoth na wenzake 128''' (karibu wote walifariki [[Seleucia]], leo nchini [[Iraq]], [[342]]) walikuwa [[Wakristo]], wakiwemo hasa [[wakleri]] na [[watawa]], waliouawa kikatili na [[Wasasanidi]] kwa sababu walikataa kuabudu [[jua]] kutokana na [[imani]] yao baada ya kuteswa [[Gereza|gerezani]] miezi mitano.

Sadoth alikuwa [[askofu mkuu]] wao tangu [[mwaka]] mmoja tu. Hatimaye alitengwa nao na kupelekwa [[Beth Lapat]] kukatwa [[kichwa]] huko&lt;ref&gt;http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/41460&lt;/ref&gt;.

Tangu kale wanaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]], [[Waorthodoksi]] na [[Waorthodoksi wa Mashariki]] kama [[watakatifu]] [[wafiadini]].

[[Sikukuu]] yao huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[18 Februari]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt; au [[20 Februari]].

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

==Marejeo==
*{{la}} Abbeloos, J. B., and Lamy, T. J., ''Bar Hebraeus, Chronicon Ecclesiasticum'' (3 vols, Paris, 1877)
*{{la}} Assemani, J. A., ''De Catholicis seu Patriarchis Chaldaeorum et Nestorianorum'' (Rome, 1775)
*{{la}} Brooks, E. W., ''Eliae Metropolitae Nisibeni Opus Chronologicum'' (Rome, 1910)
*{{la}} Gismondi, H., ''Maris, Amri, et Salibae: De Patriarchis Nestorianorum Commentaria I: Amri et Salibae Textus'' (Rome, 1896)
*{{la}} Gismondi, H., ''Maris, Amri, et Salibae: De Patriarchis Nestorianorum Commentaria II: Maris textus arabicus et versio Latina'' (Rome, 1899)
*{{fr}} Jérôme Labourt, [https://archive.org/stream/LeChristianismeDansLempirePerse/Le_christianisme_dans_l_empire_perse_sou#page/n94/mode/1up ''Le christianisme dans l'empire perse sous la dynastie Sassanide (224-632)''], Paris, 1904, p. 72
*{{la}} [[Michel Le Quien]], [http://books.google.it/books?id=86weAemI-e4C&amp;printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false ''Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus''], Parigi, 1740, Tomo II, coll. 1108-1109 (n. X)
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Category:Waliofariki 342]]
[[Category:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]]
[[Category:Wafiadini Wakristo]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Uajemi]]
[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Irak]]</text>
      <sha1>e8d3pvgautuevqbvv0gcxxu5d6rpq9s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Eladi wa Toledo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>132956</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241733</id>
      <parentid>1151749</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:27:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1400" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Limosnadesaneladiocategg1.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Mt. Eladi akitoa kwa [[ukarimu]].]]
'''Eladi wa Toledo''' (alifariki [[Toledo]], [[Hispania]], [[633]]) alikuwa mwekahazina wa ikulu na wa ufalme ambaye akawa [[mmonaki]] wa [[Visigoti|Kigothi]] na hatimaye alihudumia kama [[askofu mkuu]] wa Toledo miaka 18 ya mwisho ya [[maisha]] yake akimuachia nafasi [[mwanafunzi]] wake [[Ildefonso wa Toledo]] aliyeandika baadaye habari za [[maisha]] yake akisisitiza [[huruma]] yake kwa [[maskini]]&lt;ref&gt;Ildefonsus of Toledo, ''De viris illustris'' 7: PL 96,202&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/41470&lt;/ref&gt;.

Tangu zamani anaheshimiwa kama [[mtakatifu]].

[[Sikukuu]] yake inaadhimishwa kila [[mwaka]] [[tarehe]] [[18 Februari]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;.
&lt;ref&gt;Paul Guérin (ed.), ''Vie des Saints des Petits Bollandistes'', Parigi, Bloud et Barral editori, 1876, vol VII, p. 584.&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

==Vyanzo==
*[[Alban Butler]], ''Il primo grande dizionario dei santi secondo il calendario'' Casale Monferrato, Edizioni PIEMME, 2001 ISBN|88-384-6913-X
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa karne ya 6]]
[[Jamii:Waliofariki 633]]
[[Jamii:Wamonaki]]
[[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]]
[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Hispania]]</text>
      <sha1>iz3t2kdo2cyutm7ci0osphcp83be3ty</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kituo cha Habari na Ushauri cha Mafunzo ya Ukimwi cha Nhlangano</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>140739</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241759</id>
      <parentid>1191426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T17:14:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1876" xml:space="preserve">'''Kituo cha Habari na Mafunzo ya Ushauri ya Ukimwi cha Nhlangano (NATICC)''' ni [[shirika]] [[Shirika Lisilo la Kiserikali|lisilo la kiserikali]] lililojikita katika [[imani]], lisilolenga [[faida]] ambalo hutoa [[habari]], mafunzo, na ushauri juu ya [[Virusi vya UKIMWI]] huko [[Nhlangano]], [[Eswatini]]. 

Kuundwa kwa shirika mnamo mwaka [[2002]] kulisababishwa na ukweli kwamba [[mkoa]] wa [[Shiselweni]] umeendelea kuwa na viwango vya juu vya maambukizi ''42.5%'' mnamo mwaka [[2004]] ikilinganishwa na mikoa mingine nchini  [[Eswatini]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00T2KS.pdf Kuratibu Utunzaji kamili wa Watoto (Watoto) Ripoti ya Utendaji wa Nusu ya Mwaka Oktoba 1, 2017 - Machi 31, 2018]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Nhlangano AIDS Training Information and Counseling Center|url=https://yourlistinformation.blogspot.com/2018/05/nhlangano-aids-training-information-and.html|work=List of Information|accessdate=2021-08-08|author=Suguayani}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[NATICC]] inahusishwa na Ushirika wa ''Kikristo'' wa Kiinjili wa [[Eswatini]]. Inafadhiliwa na [[Wakala]] wa [[Norwei]] wa Ushirikiano wa Maendeleo na Msaada wa Kanisa la ''Norway''. NATICC inajumuisha [[timu]] ya [[Mwalimu|waalimu]] na washauri waliofunzwa vizuri juu ya [[VVU]] / [[Ukimwi|UKIMWI]]. Kituo hiki kiko katika Kituo cha Misheni cha Bethesda huko Nhlangano lakini kinafika kwa Mkoa wote wa Shiselweni. NATICC ni Kituo cha Ushauri Nasaha na Upimaji wa Hiari (VCT) cha [[Mji]] wa Nhlangano.

Tangu mwaka [[2008]], [[Waziri]] wa Afya nchini [[Eswatini]] ametoka NATICC: kwanza Benedict Xaba (2008-2013) na hivi karibuni Sibongile Ndlela-Simelane.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Lizzie Nkosi|url=https://www.concordia.net/community/lizzie-nkosi/|work=Concordia|accessdate=2021-08-08|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Mbegu}}
[[Jamii:USLWA]]
[[Jamii:Ukimwi]]
[[Jamii:Afya ya umma]]
[[Jamii:Afya]]</text>
      <sha1>9igabtthq7wv8ympxf34lva1gskc41e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mtumiaji:Sarrail</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>143790</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241784</id>
      <parentid>1196431</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:08:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>30468</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Mtumiaji:Severestorm28]] hadi [[Mtumiaji:Sarrail]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Severestorm28|Severestorm28]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sarrail|Sarrail]]&quot;</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="70" xml:space="preserve">Habari.
(Hello.) (I don't speak Kiswahili well, but I will learn soon)</text>
      <sha1>6l7r7uxgc1er56m60t9cj84ruegaa4p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sarrail</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>143791</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241785</id>
      <parentid>1196428</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:08:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>30468</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Severestorm28]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sarrail]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Severestorm28|Severestorm28]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sarrail|Sarrail]]&quot;</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="119" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 21:11, 26 Oktoba 2021 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>fk5ircaxjhc3im7fyhhq0r6clqmgf0w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ho, Ghana</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>144779</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241697</id>
      <parentid>1201184</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:43:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tarih</username>
        <id>9847</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+image #WPWPTR #WPWP #WLA</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="811" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ni [[mji]] wa [[Jamhuri]] ya [[Ghana]]. Ndiyo [[makao makuu]] ni [[mkoa wa Volta]].
[[File:Aerial view 2 of Ho municipality.jpg|right|thumb|275px|Ho, Ghana]]
Katika [[sensa]] ya [[mwaka]] [[2013]] kulikuwa na wakazi 99,375&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=1170623253&amp;men=gcis&amp;lng=de&amp;dat=32&amp;geo=-85&amp;srt=npan&amp;col=aohdq&amp;pt=c&amp;va=x|title=World Gazetteer online|publisher=World-gazetteer.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111172126/http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=1170623253&amp;men=gcis&amp;lng=de&amp;dat=32&amp;geo=-85&amp;srt=npan&amp;col=aohdq&amp;pt=c&amp;va=x|archive-date=2012-01-11}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Tazama pia==
* [[Orodha ya miji ya Ghana]]

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}
{{mbegu-jio-Afrika}}
{{GhanaLargestCities}}
[[Jamii:Miji ya Ghana]]
[[Jamii:Mkoa wa Volta]]</text>
      <sha1>ixr7es1ymnp6xrgyfvjf91291c8aew1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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      <id>1241699</id>
      <parentid>1226959</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:51:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>17311</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email */ mjadala mpya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6990" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 16 Februari 2022 (UTC)

==Maboresho ya Makala==
Salamu Hussein, hongera kwa kuendelea na uhariri katika wikipedia Ya Kiswahili, baada ya kumaliza kuandika makala yako,baada ya muda fulani pitia katika makala yako ama pitia ukurasa wa Mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuona makala yako imefanyiwa marekebisho gani, kisha tumia marekebisho hayo kama maboresho kwa makala zako nyingine, Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 14:29, 14 Machi 2022 (UTC)

:asante kwa muongozo wako Idd.  Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:33, 14 Machi 2022 (UTC)

::Hongera kwa juhudi zako! Unafanya vizuri. Hata hivyo endelea kuangalia tunavyosahihisha makala zako uzidi kuboresha. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:57, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC)
:::Na fuatilia hilo. amani kwako pia!  --'''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC)

== Translation notification: GLAM School/Questions ==

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&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Thank you for the wonderful work you are doing!

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== Translation notification: GLAM School ==

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&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The GLAM School main page is ready for translation. I hope the syntax still remained correct after I changed the page a lot. Thank you for your amazing help!&lt;/div&gt;

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== Feminism and Folklore 2022 - Local prize winners ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px brown ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:please-translate}}''

Congratulations for winning a local prize in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competition. Thank you for your contribution and documenting your local folk culture on Wikipedia. Please fill in your preferences before 15th of June 2022 to receive your prize. Requesting you to fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] before the deadline to avoid disappointments.  

Feel free to [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Contact Us|contact us]] if you need any assistance or further queries. 

Best wishes,

[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|FNF 2022 International Team]]

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 22 Mei 2022 (UTC)
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== Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email ==

Hello Hussein m mmbaga,

You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta.
The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email|Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email]] is available for translation. You can translate it here:
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+elections%2F2022%2FAnnouncement%2FBoard+voter+email&amp;language=sw&amp;action=page translate to Kiswahili]

The priority of this page is high.


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hi all!

The community vote of this year's Board Elections are close. As always voter mails will be sent out. To invite as many community members as possible in their native tongue your help is very much appreciated. While there are already plenty of translations we would appreciate you to check for languages still missing and to contribute translations for these.

The mails are short, just a bit about two times '''200 words''', a few minutes of work. 

Your support is very important as it helps communities to learn about the election and to cast their vote.

Best,
Denis Barthel (WMF)
(Movement Strategy and Governance)&lt;/div&gt;

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      <sha1>o1pv2b0d2d04gsh7i8jro0bxe2dlx4q</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241765</id>
      <parentid>1241699</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T21:51:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>17311</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email */ mjadala mpya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8763" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}--'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 12:33, 16 Februari 2022 (UTC)

==Maboresho ya Makala==
Salamu Hussein, hongera kwa kuendelea na uhariri katika wikipedia Ya Kiswahili, baada ya kumaliza kuandika makala yako,baada ya muda fulani pitia katika makala yako ama pitia ukurasa wa Mabadiliko ya karibuni ili kuona makala yako imefanyiwa marekebisho gani, kisha tumia marekebisho hayo kama maboresho kwa makala zako nyingine, Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Idd ninga|Idd ninga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Idd ninga|majadiliano]])''' 14:29, 14 Machi 2022 (UTC)

:asante kwa muongozo wako Idd.  Amani sana '''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga#top|majadiliano]])''' 14:33, 14 Machi 2022 (UTC)

::Hongera kwa juhudi zako! Unafanya vizuri. Hata hivyo endelea kuangalia tunavyosahihisha makala zako uzidi kuboresha. Amani kwako! --'''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 07:57, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC)
:::Na fuatilia hilo. amani kwako pia!  --'''[[Mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga|Hussein m mmbaga]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Hussein m mmbaga#top|majadiliano]])''' 08:14, 19 Machi 2022 (UTC)

== Translation notification: GLAM School/Questions ==

Hello Hussein m mmbaga,

You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta.
The page [[:metawikipedia:GLAM School/Questions|GLAM School/Questions]] is available for translation. You can translate it here:
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-GLAM+School%2FQuestions&amp;language=sw&amp;action=page translate to Kiswahili]


The deadline for translating this page is 2022-12-31.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Thank you for the wonderful work you are doing!

I have made a couple of small modifications to the existing text and added one new section. I hope you would be willing to have a look at those.

Thank you again!

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Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function
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== Translation notification: GLAM School ==

Hello Hussein m mmbaga,

You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta.
The page [[:metawikipedia:GLAM School|GLAM School]] is available for translation. You can translate it here:
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-GLAM+School&amp;language=sw&amp;action=page translate to Kiswahili]


The deadline for translating this page is 2022-12-31.

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The GLAM School main page is ready for translation. I hope the syntax still remained correct after I changed the page a lot. Thank you for your amazing help!&lt;/div&gt;

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== Feminism and Folklore 2022 - Local prize winners ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px brown ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2022 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:please-translate}}''

Congratulations for winning a local prize in '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Project Page|Feminism and Folklore 2022]]''' writing competition. Thank you for your contribution and documenting your local folk culture on Wikipedia. Please fill in your preferences before 15th of June 2022 to receive your prize. Requesting you to fill [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScK5HgvVaLph_r_afctwShUuYVtXNwaN24HUSEYnzUUho8d-Q/viewform?usp=sf_link this form] before the deadline to avoid disappointments.  

Feel free to [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022/Contact Us|contact us]] if you need any assistance or further queries. 

Best wishes,

[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2022|FNF 2022 International Team]]

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
'''[[Mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:MediaWiki message delivery|majadiliano]])''' 07:50, 22 Mei 2022 (UTC)
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== Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email ==

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You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta.
The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email|Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email]] is available for translation. You can translate it here:
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+elections%2F2022%2FAnnouncement%2FBoard+voter+email&amp;language=sw&amp;action=page translate to Kiswahili]

The priority of this page is high.


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hi all!

The community vote of this year's Board Elections are close. As always voter mails will be sent out. To invite as many community members as possible in their native tongue your help is very much appreciated. While there are already plenty of translations we would appreciate you to check for languages still missing and to contribute translations for these.

The mails are short, just a bit about two times '''200 words''', a few minutes of work. 

Your support is very important as it helps communities to learn about the election and to cast their vote.

Best,
Denis Barthel (WMF)
(Movement Strategy and Governance)&lt;/div&gt;

Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function
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== Translation notification: Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email ==

Hello Hussein m mmbaga,

You are receiving this notification because you signed up as a translator to Kiswahili on Meta.
The page [[:metawikipedia:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email|Wikimedia Foundation elections/2022/Announcement/Board voter email]] is available for translation. You can translate it here:
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Wikimedia+Foundation+elections%2F2022%2FAnnouncement%2FBoard+voter+email&amp;language=sw&amp;action=page translate to Kiswahili]

The priority of this page is high.


&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Hi all!

The community vote of this year's Board Elections are close. As always voter mails will be sent out. To invite as many community members as possible in their native tongue your help is very much appreciated. While there are already plenty of translations we would appreciate you to check for languages still missing and to contribute translations for these.

The mails are short, just a bit about two times '''200 words''', a few minutes of work. 

Your support is very important as it helps communities to learn about the election and to cast their vote.

Best,
Denis Barthel (WMF)
(Movement Strategy and Governance)&lt;/div&gt;

Your help is greatly appreciated. Translators like you help Meta to function
as a truly multilingual community.

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&lt;!-- Message sent by User:DBarthel (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:NotifyTranslators --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>837nhkouluhynbobqwh94tp44onhw5o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tendaness</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>149079</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241744</id>
      <parentid>1222984</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T16:14:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bestoernesto</username>
        <id>23840</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>upgrade Eswatini</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1451" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Tendaness in 2013.jpg|thumb|mtayarishaji wa rekodi mzaliwa wa Swaziland, DJ na mtunzi wa nyimbo.]]
'''Tatenda Mandaza''' (alizaliwa mnamo tarehe [[10]] [[Septemba]] [[1992]]), anajulikana Kitaalamu Kama Tendaness.Ni mzaliwa wa [[Eswatini]], mtayarishaji wa rekodi, [[DJ]] na [[Mtunzi wa nyimbo]].

==Maisha ya Awali na Kazi==
Tatenda Mandaza alizaliwa [[Mbabane]], [[mji]] mkuu wa  [[Eswatini]].[[Mama]] yake ni Mswati na [[baba]] yake ni Mzimbabwe.Alianza [[Kazi]] yake ya uimbaji mnamo mwaka [[2007]] - [[2008]] katika [[chumba]] chake cha kulala 
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.pressreader.com/swaziland/sunday-observer/20161016/282570197631213|title=Stay on lane and count your blessings|work=Swazi Observer|access-date=19 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; baada ya kupendezwa na [[Sanaa]] kutoka kwa rafiki yake wa [[shule]] ya upili.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.times.co.sz/index.php?news=11906|title=Tender Hands of the Decks|website=Times of Swaziland|access-date=19 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alipata jina lake la kisanii 'Tendaness' kutoka Kwan rafiki yake ambaye alimfundisha jinsi ya kutumia turntables mnamo mwaka 2008.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.times.co.sz/index.php?news=11906|title=Tender Hands of The Decks|website=Times of Swaziland|access-date=19 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==Marejeo==
{{reflist}}
[[Jamii: Arusha Editathon Muziki]]
[[Jamii: Wanamuziki wa Afrika Kusini]]
[[Jamii: Waliozaliwa 1992]]
[[Jamii: Watu walio hai]]</text>
      <sha1>sbuuyclqfllmv0i12dz68ow139bu1ap</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:बडा काजी</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>153367</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241795</id>
      <parentid>1235407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T04:11:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>30468</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bada Kaji]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:बडा काजी]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Bada Kaji|Bada Kaji]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/बडा काजी|बडा काजी]]&quot;</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="126" xml:space="preserve">==  ==

{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Kipala|Kipala]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kipala|majadiliano]])''' 07:22, 26 Julai 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>3sta2zj3cz6zh3wtqnt844psfh906r6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Parthava</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>155115</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241683</id>
      <parentid>1239889</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:36:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Parthava</username>
        <id>371</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="154" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:44, 6 Agosti 2022 (UTC)

Ti daste door</text>
      <sha1>ejmv9ith29f7cfm49px4gvbsxuthytm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nostriano</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>155448</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241714</id>
      <parentid>1240322</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:35:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1848" xml:space="preserve">'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (alifariki [[karne ya 5]]) alikuwa [[askofu]] wa 15 wa [[Napoli]], [[Italia Kusini]], kwa miaka 17. 

Alikuwa [[rafiki]] wa askofu [[Quodvultdeus]], [[mkimbizi]] kutoka [[Afrika ya Kaskazini|Afrika Kaskazini]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Noga-Banai|first1=Galit|title=The Trophies of the Martyrs: An Art Historical Study of Early Christian Silver Reliquaries|date=2008|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780199217748|page=94|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=85wUDAAAQBAJ&amp;q=Nostrianus+naples&amp;pg=PA94|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/48330&lt;/ref&gt;.

Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na [[Wakatoliki]] na [[Waorthodoksi]] kama [[mtakatifu]]. [[Papa Leo XIII]] alithibitisha [[heshima]] hiyo [[tarehe]] 2 Mei [[1878]].

[[Sikukuu]] yake huadhimishwa [[tarehe]] [[14 Februari]]&lt;ref&gt;[[Martyrologium Romanum]]&lt;/ref&gt;.

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

==Tanbihi==
{{Reflist}}

==Marejeo==
* ''Il martirologio romano. Riformato a norma dei decreti del Concilio ecumenico Vaticano II e promulgato da papa Giovanni Paolo II'', LEV, Città del Vaticano 2004.
* Congregatio de Causis Sanctorum, ''Index ac status causarum'', Città del Vaticano 1999.
* Filippo Caraffa e Giuseppe Morelli (curr.), ''Bibliotheca Sanctorum'' (BSS), 12 voll., Istituto Giovanni XXIII nella Pontificia Università Lateranense, Roma 1961-1969.
* Charles Pietri, Luce Pietri (ed.), [http://digital.casalini.it/10.1400/37235 ''Prosopographie chrétienne du Bas-Empire. 2. Prosopographie de l'Italie chrétienne (313-604)''], École française de Rome, Roma 2000, vol. II, pp. 1543-1544
{{mbegu-Mkristo}}
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa karne ya 4]]
[[Category:Waliofariki karne ya 5]]
[[Jamii:Maaskofu Wakatoliki]]
[[Jamii:Watakatifu wa Italia]]</text>
      <sha1>l1l59jhngmeot1cqvtkswo7x73e1a6s</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Umoja: Kijiji ambacho wanaume ni marufuku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>155487</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241729</id>
      <parentid>1240449</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:18:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2654" xml:space="preserve">'''Umoja: Kijiji ambacho wanaume ni marufuku''' ni [[filamu]] ya makala ya Ufaransa kuhusu [[kijiji]] cha Umoja kilichopo nchini [[Kenya]], iliyoongozwa na Jean Crousillac na Jean-Marc Sainclair na kutolewa mnamo 2009.

== Muhtasari ==
Tangu 1970 hadi 2003, mamia ya wanawake wanadai kuwa wamebakwa na [[askari]] wa [[jeshi]] la [[Uingereza]] kaskazini mwa [[Kenya]]. Wakishutumiwa kuleta aibu kwenye [[jamii]] yao, wengi wao walipigwa na kukataliwa na wanaume wao. Baadhi ya wanawake walianzisha kijiji chao ambacho walikipa jina la Umoja ambacho kilikuwa cha [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] pekeyao na kuwa  kimbilio la wanawake wengi wa Sumburu. Maendeleo ya kijiji cha umoja ya yalisababisha wivu kwa wanaume na kupelekea uvamilizi wa  mara kwa mara na kushabisha  matatizo kwa mwasisi wa kijiji icho, Rebecca Lolosoli.

== Tuzo na uteuzi wa tamasha ==
Mnamo 2009, [[filamu]] hii ilishinda tuzo ya Fedha katika tuzo za FIPA katika kategoria ya Hadithi Kubwa na Matukio ya  Kijamii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sistach|first=Dominique|date=2011|title=« Interdit aux enfants et aux chiens »|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/graph.034.0045|journal=Le sociographe|volume=n° 34|issue=1|pages=45|doi=10.3917/graph.034.0045|issn=1297-6628}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=UMOJA, LE VILLAGE INTERDIT AUX HOMMES|date=2011-08-06|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/vous/article/2011/08/06/umoja-le-village-interdit-aux-hommes_1556778_3238.html|work=Le Monde.fr|language=fr|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia ilishinda tuzo la [[Shirika za msalaba mwekundu na hilali nyekundu|Msalaba Mwekundu]] katika tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Reykjavíki.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.mbl.is/media/34/1734.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwaka 2009 ilichaguliwa na matamasha ya kimataifa ya filamu yafuatayo:
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu na Jukwaa la Haki za Kibinadamu ([[Geneva]], [[Uswisi|Uswisi)]]
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Jean Rouch ([[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]])
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za makala(Thessaloniki, Ugiriki)
* Tamasha la Filamu la Ecovision (Palermo, Italia)
* Tamasha la Doc-Cévennes (Lasalle, Ufaransa)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za makala na Anthropolojia (Pärnu, Estonia)
* Tamasha la Filamu za makala ya Haki za Kibinadamu - Filamu ya ufunguzi (Glasgow, Scotland)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Kusini mwa Appalachi (Tennessee, Marekani)
* Tamasha la Uhuru (Brussels, Ubelgiji)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Flahertania (Perm, Urusi)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Flahertania (Perm, Urusi)
* Tamasha la Ethnografia la Rio (Rio de Janeiro, Brazili)

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Mbegu-filamu}}
[[Jamii:Filamu za Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za 2009]]
[[Jamii:Jinsia]]</text>
      <sha1>qh3bzzqezc4hvcwmc2ydlcoojgvpgv4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241730</id>
      <parentid>1241729</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:20:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2661" xml:space="preserve">'''Umoja: Kijiji ambacho wanaume ni marufuku''' ni [[filamu]] ya makala ya [[Ufaransa]] kuhusu [[kijiji]] cha Umoja kilichopo nchini [[Kenya]], iliyoongozwa na Jean Crousillac na Jean-Marc Sainclair na kutolewa mnamo 2009.

== Muhtasari ==
Tangu 1970 hadi 2003, mamia ya wanawake wanadai kuwa wamebakwa na [[askari]] wa [[jeshi]] la [[Uingereza]] kaskazini mwa [[Kenya]]. Wakishutumiwa kuleta aibu kwenye [[jamii]] yao, wengi wao walipigwa na kukataliwa na wanaume wao. Baadhi ya wanawake walianzisha kijiji chao ambacho walikipa jina la Umoja ambacho kilikuwa cha [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] pekeyao na kuwa  kimbilio la wanawake wengi wa Sumburu. Maendeleo ya kijiji cha umoja ya yalisababisha wivu kwa wanaume na kupelekea uvamilizi wa  mara kwa mara na kushabisha  matatizo kwa mwasisi wa kijiji icho, Rebecca Lolosoli.

== Tuzo na uteuzi wa tamasha ==
Mnamo 2009, [[filamu]] hii ilishinda tuzo ya Fedha katika tuzo za FIPA katika kategoria ya Hadithi Kubwa na Matukio ya  Kijamii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Sistach|first=Dominique|date=2011|title=« Interdit aux enfants et aux chiens »|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/graph.034.0045|journal=Le sociographe|volume=n° 34|issue=1|pages=45|doi=10.3917/graph.034.0045|issn=1297-6628}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=UMOJA, LE VILLAGE INTERDIT AUX HOMMES|date=2011-08-06|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/vous/article/2011/08/06/umoja-le-village-interdit-aux-hommes_1556778_3238.html|work=Le Monde.fr|language=fr|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia ilishinda tuzo la [[Shirika za msalaba mwekundu na hilali nyekundu|Msalaba Mwekundu]] katika tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Reykjavíki.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.mbl.is/media/34/1734.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwaka 2009 ilichaguliwa na matamasha ya kimataifa ya filamu yafuatayo:
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu na Jukwaa la Haki za Kibinadamu ([[Geneva]], [[Uswisi|Uswisi)]]
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Jean Rouch ([[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]])
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za makala(Thessaloniki, Ugiriki)
* Tamasha la Filamu la Ecovision (Palermo, Italia)
* Tamasha la Doc-Cévennes (Lasalle, Ufaransa)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za makala na Anthropolojia (Pärnu, Estonia)
* Tamasha la Filamu za makala ya Haki za Kibinadamu - Filamu ya ufunguzi (Glasgow, Scotland)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Kusini mwa Appalachi (Tennessee, Marekani)
* Tamasha la Uhuru (Brussels, Ubelgiji)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Flahertania (Perm, Urusi)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Flahertania (Perm, Urusi)
* Tamasha la Ethnografia la Rio (Rio de Janeiro, Brazili)

== Marejeo ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Mbegu-filamu}}
[[Jamii:Filamu za Ufaransa]]
[[Jamii:Filamu za 2009]]
[[Jamii:Jinsia]]</text>
      <sha1>1l8o58u88756nf1ej2raqtk2hca1c9e</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Gina Ahadi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>1241760</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Husseyn Issa</username>
        <id>44885</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ongezeko la maelezo zaidi</comment>
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      <text bytes="3871" xml:space="preserve">Gina Ahadi (amezaliwa 2 Mei 1999) ni [[mwanamitindo]] kutoka [[Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo]] na Mkongo wa kwanza kushinda Tuzo ya Miss Global.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Miss Global Contestants|url=https://missglobal.com/|work=Miss Global Organization|accessdate=2022-08-08|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Mnamo Mei 3 ya 2021 alishindana katika kinyang'anyiro cha Miss [[Kentucky]] [[Marekani]] lakini hakushinda hivyo akatunukiwa taji la Miss Global. Miongoni mwa vitu alivyovifanya mwanamitindo huyu ni pamoja na matukio anayofanya katika jamii yake ikiwemo matukio ya kusaidia watoto na watu wasiojiweza,na hivyo Gina alipata nafasi mnamo Novemba 2021 ya kueleka [[Afrika]] na kufika hadi kituo cha watoto yatima na wagonjwa katika hospitali ya [[Tanzania]] iitwayo [[Mwananyamala]] hospital, alitoa sabuni na maji pamoja na biskuti  kadhaa kwa watoto na kwa wagonjwa wa kituo hicho cha kulelea watoto yatima cha Manunda, na pia alitoa chakula kwa watoto hao, sabuni, mafuta ya kupikia na pesa taslimu kwa ajili ya kuwanunulia watoto hao nguo. Baadaye alitembelea [[Hifadhi ya Mikumi|Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Mikumi]] kwa sababu Gina alikuwa anapendelea sana  [[Utamaduni wa Kiafrika|utamaduni]] na vitu vya [[asili]].

== Maisha ya awali ==
Gina alizaliwa katika Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo. Alihamia [[Uganda]] alipokuwa mdogo ambapo wazazi wake walikuwawakiishi kama wakimbizi. Walikaa Kampala Uganda kwa takriban miaka 8 ambapo wakati huo Gina alikuwa akisoma shule ya msingi. Mnamo 2004 Gina na familia yake walihamia [[marekani]] USA, alianza shule ya kati ama [[Elimu ya sekondari|sekondari]] na kuhitimu na GPA ya 4.0. Pia alienda shule ya upili ama kidato cha tano na sita ambapo alihitimu pia na kiwango kile cha uwezo wa  GPA 4.0 ,kisha akatuma maombi kwenye Shule ya [[Tiba|matibabu]] na kufuzu kama Msaidizi wa Matibabu.

== Career ==
Gina anafanya [[kazi]] kwenye kituo cha walezi wa [[watu wazima]] huko marekani. Mnamo mwaka 2018 Gina alianza kujihusisha na kazi aliyotokea kuipenda ya uana[[mitindo]], alianza kwa kupiga [[picha]] za kawaida, ambapo picha zake zilikuwa zikivuma sana na watu kuzipenda kwakua ndizo picha zilizokuwa zikionekana za [[mwanamke]] kutoka nchini Kongo huko Marekani akipiga picha akiwa amevalia [[Bikini (atolli)|bikini]]. Alianza hivyo na kuonekana sana katika [[video]] nyingi za muziki na [[wasanii]] mashuhuri kama vile ''Unanifaa'' ya Destin na Rich da Chris, ''Congo'' ya Mandi classic  na ''Salima'' ya snazzy. 

Mnamo mwaka  2019 miss fashion Global ilimfikia na kumuomba ashiriki katika shindano lao kama [[mwanamitindo]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Vote for Gina ahadi in the MFG Photo Contest.|url=https://www.gogophotocontest.com/missfashionglobal-2019/entries/219894|work=GoGo Photo Contest|accessdate=2022-08-08|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Gina alihudhuria na kushindana lakini hakushinda pia hakufika fainali. Zaidi pia alliomba kushiriki shindano la miss [[Houston, Texas|houston]] USA lakini hakufanikiwa kutokana na vipimo vya ugonjwa wa [[UVIKO-19|uviko 19]] kuonyesha ana ugonjwa huo, na hivyo kuwekwa kando na shindano hilo, na kwa hivyo hakupata nafasi ya kushiriki katika shindano hilo. Lakini katika mwaka huo huo aligombania nafasi ya kushiriki  tena katika shindano la Miss Global kwa mwaka wa 2021 na wakati huu alifanikiwa kufika fainali na kutwa mshindi nafasi ya  pili.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Miss Global Contestants|url=https://missglobal.com/|work=Miss Global Organization|accessdate=2022-08-08|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia Gina ni mshiriki wa shindano la ''The Fashion hero'' &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Gina Ahadi {{!}} USA|url=https://www.thefashionhero.com/participants/gina--ahadi/|work=www.thefashionhero.com|date=2022-08-09|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=en|author=The Fashion Hero}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Mbegu za watu]]
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1999]]
[[Jamii:Watu walio hai]]
[[Jamii:Wanamitindo]]
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:It Is Me Here</title>
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      <id>1241670</id>
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        <username>It Is Me Here</username>
        <id>1576</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>+</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="151" xml:space="preserve">__NOINDEX__
{{Karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 10:03, 8 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mary I wa Uingereza</title>
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      <text bytes="1768" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Anthonis Mor 001.jpg|thumb|Malkia Mary I.]]
'''Mary I wa Uingereza''' (pia anajulikana kama '''Mary Tudor''' na kama &quot;'''Bloody Mary'''&quot;; 18 Februari [[1516]] - 17 Novemba [[1558]]) alikuwa [[Malkia]] wa [[Uingereza]] na [[Ireland]] kutoka Julai [[1553]] hadi [[Mauti|kifo]] chake [[mwaka]] wa [[1558]]. 

Anajulikana hasa kwa jaribio lake la kubadili [[Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti|Matengenezo ya]] [[Jumuiya Anglikana|Kiingereza]] ambayo yalikuwa yameanza wakati wa [[utawala]] wa [[baba]] yake, [[Henry VIII]] na kurudisha nchi chini ya [[Kanisa Katoliki]]. Jaribio lake la kurejesha kwa [[Kanisa]] [[mali]] iliyotwaliwa na [[Mfalme|wafalme]] wawili waliopita lilizuiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa na [[Bunge la Uingereza]]. Lakini wakati wa utawala wake wa miaka mitano, Mary aliagiza [[kesi]] dhidi ya wapinzani wa Ukatoliki zaidi ya 280 waliochomwa [[moto|motoni]] wakiwa hai kama [[uzushi|wazushi]].

Mary alikuwa [[mtoto]] wa Henry VIII na [[mke]] wake wa kwanza, [[Katarina wa Aragon]], ambaye peke yake kati ya watoto wa [[Tumbo la uzazi|tumbo]] moja aliishi hadi kuwa [[Watu wazima|mtu mzima]]. Alirithi ufalme baada ya kifo cha [[ndugu]] yake mdogo [[Edward VI wa Uingereza|Edward VI]], aliyezaliwa na Henry VIII na mke wake wa tatu, [[Jane Seymour]]. 

Baada ya kifo cha Mary kwenye mwaka 1558, hatua zake za kurudisha Ukatoliki katika Uingereza zilibatilshwa na mdogo wake na [[mrithi]], [[Elizabeth I wa Uingereza|Elizabeth I]], aliyezaliwa na Henry VIII na mke wake wa pili, [[Anne Boleyn]].

== Vyanzo ==
{{Commons|Mary I of England}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{Cite web|title=Mary I (1516–1558)|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/mary_i_queen.shtml|publisher=BBC}}
{{mbegu-mwanasiasa}}
{{BD|1516|1558}}
[[Jamii:Wafalme na malkia wa Uingereza]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Kibajuni</title>
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      <text bytes="1185" xml:space="preserve">'''Kibajuni''' (pia kinajulikana kama Kitikuu au Kitikulu) ni [[lahaja]] ya [[Kiswahili]] inayozungumzwa na watu wanaojulikana kama [[Wabajuni]] wanaomiliki sehemu ya eneo la [[visiwa vya Bajuni]] na eneo la [[pwani]] ya [[Kenya]], pamoja na baadhi ya maeneo ya [[kusini]] mwa [[Somalia]] yanayojumuiisha [[kundi|makundi]] machache ya [[Kabila|makabila]] mbalimbali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf|work=web.archive.org|date=2018-02-03|accessdate=2022-08-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qa4wDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=nurse+hinnebusch+swahili&amp;pg=PR19|title=Swahili and Sabaki: A Linguistic History|last=Nurse|first=Derek|last2=Hinnebusch|first2=Thomas J.|last3=Philipson|first3=Gérard|date=1993|publisher=Univ of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-09775-9|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Maho ([[2009]]) anaichukulia Kibajuni kama lugha ya pekee, lakini Nurse pamoja na Hinnebusch ([[1993]]) wameichukulia kama lahaja ya [[kaskazini]] mwa eneo la [[Waswahili]].

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{Mbegu-lugha}}
[[Jamii:lugha za Somalia]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kiswahili]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1271" xml:space="preserve">'''Kibajuni''' (pia kinajulikana kama Kitikuu au Kitikulu) ni [[lahaja]] ya [[Kiswahili]] inayozungumzwa na watu wanaojulikana kama [[Wabajuni]] wanaomiliki sehemu ya eneo la [[visiwa vya Bajuni]] na eneo la [[pwani]] ya [[Kenya]], pamoja na baadhi ya maeneo ya [[kusini]] mwa [[Somalia]] yanayojumuiisha [[kundi|makundi]] machache ya [[Kabila|makabila]] mbalimbali.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf|work=web.archive.org|date=2018-02-03|accessdate=2022-08-08|archivedate=2018-02-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203191542/http://goto.glocalnet.net/mahopapers/nuglonline.pdf}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qa4wDwAAQBAJ&amp;q=nurse+hinnebusch+swahili&amp;pg=PR19|title=Swahili and Sabaki: A Linguistic History|last=Nurse|first=Derek|last2=Hinnebusch|first2=Thomas J.|last3=Philipson|first3=Gérard|date=1993|publisher=Univ of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-09775-9|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Maho ([[2009]]) anaichukulia Kibajuni kama lugha ya pekee, lakini Nurse pamoja na Hinnebusch ([[1993]]) wameichukulia kama lahaja ya [[kaskazini]] mwa eneo la [[Waswahili]].

== Marejeo ==
{{reflist}}
{{Mbegu-lugha}}
[[Jamii:lugha za Somalia]]
[[Jamii:Lugha za Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Kiswahili]]</text>
      <sha1>gwgtrpmrnq86xghpox5vw4z5ky2aawf</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Silinda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241701</id>
      <parentid>1241541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:17:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="588" xml:space="preserve">'''Silinda''' ni [[neno]] lililopokewa kutoka [[lugha]] ya [[Kiingereza]] ''cylinder''; [[asili]] yake iko katika [[Kigiriki]] Κύλινδρος ''kylindros'', kutoka [[kitenzi]] κυλινδειν ''kylíndein'' yaani kuzungusha.

Linaweza kumaanisha

* [[mcheduara]] au silinda: [[umbo]] la [[Jiometria|kijiometria]]
* Silinda ([[injini]]) ni nafasi au uwazi wenye umbo la [[bomba]] ambamo [[pistoni]] husogezwa
* Silinda ([[mashine]]) ni sehemu yenye umbo la mcheduara inayozunguka na kusogeza au kusukuma [[kitu]] (mfano ndani ya [[Kichapishi|printa]] au mashine ya kuchapa
{{Maana}}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bendera ya upinde wa mvua</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156299</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241702</id>
      <parentid>1241579</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:19:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="961" xml:space="preserve">'''Bendera ya upinde wa mvua''' ni [[bendera]] yenye [[rangi]] nyingi inayojumuisha rangi za [[upinde wa mvua]]. [[Miundo]] hutofautiana, lakini rangi nyingi zinatokana na rangi zionekanazo katika [[Mwanga wa jua|mwanga]] wa rangi za upinde wa mvua.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Jraissati|first=Yasmina|date=2014-06|title=On Color Categorization: Why Do We Name Seven Colors in the Rainbow?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12131|journal=Philosophy Compass|volume=9|issue=6|pages=382–391|doi=10.1111/phc3.12131|issn=1747-9991}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Lee|first=Raymond L.|date=1991-08-20|title=What are “all the colors of the rainbow”?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.30.003401|journal=Applied Optics|volume=30|issue=24|pages=3401|doi=10.1364/ao.30.003401|issn=0003-6935}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Bendera ya [[LGBT]], iliyoanzishwa [[mwaka]] wa [[1978]], ndiyo inayofahamika zaidi kwa matumizi ya bendera ya namna hiyo.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Bendera]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elendur</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156326</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241762</id>
      <parentid>1241588</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T21:03:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Elendur</username>
        <id>1226</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Reply</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="262" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:51, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)

:Thx  '''[[Mtumiaji:Elendur|Elendur]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Elendur#top|majadiliano]])''' 21:03, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Elimu ya amani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156345</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241703</id>
      <parentid>1241607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:22:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Peace education]] hadi [[Elimu ya amani]]: jina la Kiswahili</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2987" xml:space="preserve">== Elimu ya amani ==
'''Elimu ya amani''' ni mchakato wa kupata [[maadili]], [[maarifa]], mitazamo, [[ujuzi]], na [[tabia]] ili kuishi kwa [[amani]] na wewe mwenyewe, wengine, na [[mazingira]] asilia. Kuna matamko na maazimio mengi ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] kuhusu umuhimu wa amani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/694147222|title=Peace education : exploring ethical and philosophical foundations|last=Page|first=James Smith|date=2008|publisher=Information Age Pub|isbn=978-1-60752-929-3|location=Charlotte, NC|oclc=694147222}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Ban Ki-moon|Ban Ki Moon,]] Katibu Mkuu wa Umoja wa Mataifa, aliweka wakfu Siku ya Kimataifa ya Amani 2013 kwa [[elimu]] ya amani katika juhudi za kuelekeza mawazo na kufadhili ukuu wa elimu ya amani kama njia ya kuleta [[utamaduni]] wa amani.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2010|title=More Television –  Countdown – That Cold Day in the Park|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780571343096.ch-002|journal=Altman on Altman|doi=10.5040/9780571343096.ch-002}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Declaration of Principles on Tolerance 16 November 1995|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004164543.1-0.75|work=Standard-Setting at UNESCO|pages=692–695|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Koichiro Matsuura, Mkurugenzi Mkuu wa Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na Utamaduni la Umoja wa Mataifa, ameandika kwamba elimu ya amani ni &quot;muhimu wa kimsingi kwa misheni ya Umoja wa Mataifa na Shirika la Elimu, Sayansi na Utamaduni la [[Umoja wa Mataifa]]&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Tomovska|first=Ana|date=2011-04|title=Peace education: exploring ethical and philosophical foundations|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17400201.2011.552266|journal=Journal of Peace Education|volume=8|issue=1|pages=81–82|doi=10.1080/17400201.2011.552266|issn=1740-0201}}&lt;/ref&gt; Elimu ya amani kama haki inasisitizwa zaidi na watafiti wa amani kama vile Betty Reardon&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Reardon|first=Betty A.|title=Human Rights and the Renewal of the University|date=2014-08-27|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08967-6_12|work=SpringerBriefs on Pioneers in Science and Practice|pages=165–180|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=978-3-319-08966-9|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; na Douglas Roche.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Langille|first=H. Peter|last2=Roche|first2=Douglas|date=2004|title=The Human Right to Peace|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40203940|journal=International Journal|volume=59|issue=2|pages=458|doi=10.2307/40203940|issn=0020-7020}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia, hivi karibuni  kumekuwa na uhusiano kati ya [[elimu ya aman]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;i na elimu ya [[haki za binadamu]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1993-11|title=United Nations World Conference on Human Rights: Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020782900029326|journal=International Legal Materials|volume=32|issue=6|pages=1661–1687|doi=10.1017/s0020782900029326|issn=0020-7829}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ushindi</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156349</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-09T11:59:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:59, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Freed73</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156350</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-09T11:59:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:59, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>f4ksktwv4uwcik5p68gqkeomm9b4aua</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Pak21</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156351</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241613</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T11:59:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 11:59, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>f4ksktwv4uwcik5p68gqkeomm9b4aua</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ivana Icana</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156352</id>
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      <id>1241614</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:00:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:00, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>dbxa0db3jsbq5ln5dcuesyq47v4wyw7</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sparkliesz</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156353</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241615</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:00:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:00, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mugiwizzo</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156354</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241616</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:01:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>fn0iu88kkta4pnpbvs993km4jga0yqr</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anonymous101</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156355</id>
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      <id>1241617</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:01:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>fn0iu88kkta4pnpbvs993km4jga0yqr</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Malene</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156356</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241618</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:01:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:01, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>fn0iu88kkta4pnpbvs993km4jga0yqr</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Suicidalhamster</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156357</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241619</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:02:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:02, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ewb9oud651m3cdhiwshh0sz1pca3muj</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Al Pereira</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156358</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241620</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:02:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:02, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ewb9oud651m3cdhiwshh0sz1pca3muj</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mateus Hidalgo</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156359</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241621</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:03:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:03, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WWay</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156360</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241622</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:03:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:03, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>b7yv7luqnqqv7ezl9dpfvmcn2g6kvjs</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Euphoriceyes</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156361</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241623</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:04:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>iklhza70n90zowelyg2o06hhf6cdi21</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Константин Б.</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156362</id>
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      <id>1241624</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:04:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>iklhza70n90zowelyg2o06hhf6cdi21</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ShajiA</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156363</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241625</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:04:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:04, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
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    <id>156364</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:05, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Geologicharka</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:05, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>3l930z9d3ce32ybd01pgulzh6yvdgja</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Eduardoferreira</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156366</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241628</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:06:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>jqhsdauc6hdje7zrsfno241d8tvpmm2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Robert Weemeyer</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156367</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241629</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:06:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:06, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>jqhsdauc6hdje7zrsfno241d8tvpmm2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ouartilani</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156368</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241630</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:11:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:11, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>nzhsgp2l7b4vzzjtok83tubg664x9fy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Stephantom</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156369</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241631</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:11:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:11, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>nzhsgp2l7b4vzzjtok83tubg664x9fy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ChristianMan16</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156370</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241632</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:12:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>liobg4w5obsyfjqridigyuyy369ocls</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:AxelBoldt</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156371</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241633</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:12:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>liobg4w5obsyfjqridigyuyy369ocls</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:John Reaves</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156372</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241634</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:12:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:12, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>liobg4w5obsyfjqridigyuyy369ocls</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kuringe</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156373</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241635</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:13:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:13, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7r7eip9h2nsfmd1xx1h52xfgjbalyt5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Andrea.maiorino</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156374</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241636</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:13:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:13, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7r7eip9h2nsfmd1xx1h52xfgjbalyt5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Chico</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156375</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241637</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:14:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:14, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ge04uhey0b44w4lyb9afouw13gyrlsb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Przemekj23</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156376</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241638</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:14:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:14, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ge04uhey0b44w4lyb9afouw13gyrlsb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:PaulieC</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156377</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241639</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:14:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:14, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ge04uhey0b44w4lyb9afouw13gyrlsb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Flying Saucer</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156378</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241640</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:17:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:17, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>8z5q0dgvulxugke9jy8nsv0v6dty768</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mti wa Amani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156379</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241641</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:18:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jackson Mujungu</username>
        <id>53508</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1915" xml:space="preserve">== Mti wa amani ==
'''Mti wa Amani''' wa Iroquois umetokana na mtu anayeitwa [[Dekanawida]], mtoa [[Amani|aman]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;i. Simulizi kuhusu nafasi yake katika Iroquois (Haudenosaunee) zinatokana na [[jukumu]] lake katika kuunda Shirikisho la Mataifa Matano, ambalo lilikuwa na Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, na Senecas, na nafasi yake kama shujaa wa kitamaduni kwa Taifa la Haudenosaunee, hujulikana sana katika utamaduni wa Magharibi kama &quot;Iroquois&quot;. Jina rasmi la shirikisho ni, Kayanerenh-kowa (Amani Kuu)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1967-01|title=Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Volume I, 1000 TO 1700. ([Toronto:] University of Toronto Press. 1966. Pp. xxiii, 755. $15.00.)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/72.2.745|journal=The American Historical Review|doi=10.1086/ahr/72.2.745|issn=1937-5239}}&lt;/ref&gt; kama ilivyoelezwa na Paul A. Wallace, &quot;pia inajulikana kama Kanonsonni (Nyumba ndefu), neno ambalo linaelezea ukubwa wake kijiografia na muundo wake wa kikatiba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Hadithi zinazomzungumzia Dekanawida zinatokana na  simulizi za kihstoria za makabila mengi ya Wenyeji wa [[Amerika]] katika [[historia]] zao zote. Amani Kuu inayohusishwa na Dekanawida ilikuja na sehemu tatu

* Neno jema, ambalo ni [[uadilifu]] katika matendo, liletalo [[haki]] kwa wote. 
* [[Afya]], ambayo ni utimamu wa akili na mwili, huleta amani duniani.
* [[Nguvu]], ambayo ni kuanzishwa kwa [[mamlaka]] za kiraia, huleta ongezeko la nguvu za kiroho kulingana na mapenzi ya [[Bwana wa Uzima]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1973-04|title=Barbara Graymont. &amp;lt;italic&amp;gt;The Iroquois in the American Revolution&amp;lt;/italic&amp;gt;. (New York State Study.) [Syracuse:] Syracuse University Press. 1972. Pp. x, 359. $11.50|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/78.2.480|journal=The American Historical Review|doi=10.1086/ahr/78.2.480|issn=1937-5239}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241706</id>
      <parentid>1241641</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:24:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1917" xml:space="preserve">{{tafsiri kompyuta}}
'''Mti wa Amani''' wa Iroquois umetokana na mtu anayeitwa [[Dekanawida]], mtoa [[Amani|aman]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;i. Simulizi kuhusu nafasi yake katika Iroquois (Haudenosaunee) zinatokana na [[jukumu]] lake katika kuunda Shirikisho la Mataifa Matano, ambalo lilikuwa na Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, na Senecas, na nafasi yake kama shujaa wa kitamaduni kwa Taifa la Haudenosaunee, hujulikana sana katika utamaduni wa Magharibi kama &quot;Iroquois&quot;. Jina rasmi la shirikisho ni, Kayanerenh-kowa (Amani Kuu)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1967-01|title=Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Volume I, 1000 TO 1700. ([Toronto:] University of Toronto Press. 1966. Pp. xxiii, 755. $15.00.)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/72.2.745|journal=The American Historical Review|doi=10.1086/ahr/72.2.745|issn=1937-5239}}&lt;/ref&gt; kama ilivyoelezwa na Paul A. Wallace, &quot;pia inajulikana kama Kanonsonni (Nyumba ndefu), neno ambalo linaelezea ukubwa wake kijiografia na muundo wake wa kikatiba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Hadithi zinazomzungumzia Dekanawida zinatokana na  simulizi za kihstoria za makabila mengi ya Wenyeji wa [[Amerika]] katika [[historia]] zao zote. Amani Kuu inayohusishwa na Dekanawida ilikuja na sehemu tatu

* Neno jema, ambalo ni [[uadilifu]] katika matendo, liletalo [[haki]] kwa wote. 
* [[Afya]], ambayo ni utimamu wa akili na mwili, huleta amani duniani.
* [[Nguvu]], ambayo ni kuanzishwa kwa [[mamlaka]] za kiraia, huleta ongezeko la nguvu za kiroho kulingana na mapenzi ya [[Bwana wa Uzima]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1973-04|title=Barbara Graymont. &amp;lt;italic&amp;gt;The Iroquois in the American Revolution&amp;lt;/italic&amp;gt;. (New York State Study.) [Syracuse:] Syracuse University Press. 1972. Pp. x, 359. $11.50|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/78.2.480|journal=The American Historical Review|doi=10.1086/ahr/78.2.480|issn=1937-5239}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241707</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:24:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Tree of Peace]] hadi [[Mti wa Amani]]: jina la Kiswahili</comment>
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      <text bytes="1917" xml:space="preserve">{{tafsiri kompyuta}}
'''Mti wa Amani''' wa Iroquois umetokana na mtu anayeitwa [[Dekanawida]], mtoa [[Amani|aman]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;i. Simulizi kuhusu nafasi yake katika Iroquois (Haudenosaunee) zinatokana na [[jukumu]] lake katika kuunda Shirikisho la Mataifa Matano, ambalo lilikuwa na Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, na Senecas, na nafasi yake kama shujaa wa kitamaduni kwa Taifa la Haudenosaunee, hujulikana sana katika utamaduni wa Magharibi kama &quot;Iroquois&quot;. Jina rasmi la shirikisho ni, Kayanerenh-kowa (Amani Kuu)&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1967-01|title=Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Volume I, 1000 TO 1700. ([Toronto:] University of Toronto Press. 1966. Pp. xxiii, 755. $15.00.)|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/72.2.745|journal=The American Historical Review|doi=10.1086/ahr/72.2.745|issn=1937-5239}}&lt;/ref&gt; kama ilivyoelezwa na Paul A. Wallace, &quot;pia inajulikana kama Kanonsonni (Nyumba ndefu), neno ambalo linaelezea ukubwa wake kijiografia na muundo wake wa kikatiba&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; Hadithi zinazomzungumzia Dekanawida zinatokana na  simulizi za kihstoria za makabila mengi ya Wenyeji wa [[Amerika]] katika [[historia]] zao zote. Amani Kuu inayohusishwa na Dekanawida ilikuja na sehemu tatu

* Neno jema, ambalo ni [[uadilifu]] katika matendo, liletalo [[haki]] kwa wote. 
* [[Afya]], ambayo ni utimamu wa akili na mwili, huleta amani duniani.
* [[Nguvu]], ambayo ni kuanzishwa kwa [[mamlaka]] za kiraia, huleta ongezeko la nguvu za kiroho kulingana na mapenzi ya [[Bwana wa Uzima]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=1973-04|title=Barbara Graymont. &amp;lt;italic&amp;gt;The Iroquois in the American Revolution&amp;lt;/italic&amp;gt;. (New York State Study.) [Syracuse:] Syracuse University Press. 1972. Pp. x, 359. $11.50|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/78.2.480|journal=The American Historical Review|doi=10.1086/ahr/78.2.480|issn=1937-5239}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
      <sha1>l2k4nxm7j9esxywfp2wb1suyqvu3r71</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kylu</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156380</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241642</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:18:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:18, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>jqord0r3rm1xlo9fxkithzpadag7e76</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:TheZakk</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156381</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241643</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:19:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:19, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>g5opj5o9ta7b5ovy2oknd3am34saai3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:XalD</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156382</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241644</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:20:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:20, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>ksma9c8wdbknu9r2tz7jqy861ux1k32</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:SterkeBak</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156383</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241645</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:21:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:21, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>d10im51vocknogbuwels1nov4vpf86i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Eloquence</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156384</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241646</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:21:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:21, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>d10im51vocknogbuwels1nov4vpf86i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Евгений Адаев</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156385</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241647</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:22:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:22, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7g4ic438cmll9px66y9miwshnxrdwij</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Esteban.barahona</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156386</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241648</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:22:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:22, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7g4ic438cmll9px66y9miwshnxrdwij</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EL-259</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156387</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241649</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:22:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:22, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>7g4ic438cmll9px66y9miwshnxrdwij</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Alexchris</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156388</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241650</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:23:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:23, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oogd138rmuz65b5yc48o6mozyxlvidq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:EEMIV</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156389</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241651</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:23:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:23, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oogd138rmuz65b5yc48o6mozyxlvidq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:THEHIVESRULEyeah</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156390</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241652</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:23:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:23, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oogd138rmuz65b5yc48o6mozyxlvidq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mads Ren`ai</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156391</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241653</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:24:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>hb8gt3vgz79y75lgo1tqrzjozamw529</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Pedro Aguiar</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156392</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241654</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:24:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>hb8gt3vgz79y75lgo1tqrzjozamw529</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:RussBot</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156393</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241655</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:24:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:24, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>hb8gt3vgz79y75lgo1tqrzjozamw529</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Phoebe</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156394</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241656</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:25:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:25, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>g2ypfpqichrlb7jslfgpynzlne5d0ho</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Tebdi</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156395</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241657</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:25:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:25, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>g2ypfpqichrlb7jslfgpynzlne5d0ho</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Freaky</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156396</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241658</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:26:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:26, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0301qu20473os51aa463mpq9wfv7cv6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:N-k</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156397</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241659</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:26:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:26, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0301qu20473os51aa463mpq9wfv7cv6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:WakingUpIsKnowingWhoYouReallyAre</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156398</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241660</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:26:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:26, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0301qu20473os51aa463mpq9wfv7cv6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Finn-Pauls</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241661</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:26:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:26, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0301qu20473os51aa463mpq9wfv7cv6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Fernando Estel</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156400</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241662</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:27:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>45cfhp9fr2wr06q2t9fh8n5lps8svyx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Alistair McIndoe</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156401</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241663</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:27:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>45cfhp9fr2wr06q2t9fh8n5lps8svyx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Mikethekinslayer</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156402</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241664</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:27:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:27, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>45cfhp9fr2wr06q2t9fh8n5lps8svyx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Avjoska</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156403</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241665</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:28:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:28, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>14vpw9xp8t44fsx3igacqp1dyewehip</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Michael Kümmling</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156404</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241666</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:28:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:28, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>14vpw9xp8t44fsx3igacqp1dyewehip</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241800</id>
      <parentid>1241666</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T06:15:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Michael Kümmling</username>
        <id>1173</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="151" xml:space="preserve">__NOINDEX__
{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:28, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>a22s4fwog08t6s0svec8027yko64zlg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kicior99</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156405</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241667</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:28:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:28, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>14vpw9xp8t44fsx3igacqp1dyewehip</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:ShadeOfGrey</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241669</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:29:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:29, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>67i1m866t3yfzlrsarkb2ddchczp4h9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Chilin</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156407</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241671</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:30:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:30, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>kdgb6x6fkyz1d40e9hj7ldmufdbmm3u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Joseph48</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156408</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241673</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:31:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:31, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Taowell</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156409</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241674</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:34:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Kaanyagan</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241675</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:34:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:34, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>m9sfj6twa5eu24wgxagvsaxth9bouiy</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Mkataba wa amani</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156411</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241676</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:35:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jackson Mujungu</username>
        <id>53508</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1269" xml:space="preserve">== Mkataba wa amani ==
'''Mkataba wa amani''' ni [[makubaliano]] kati ya [[pande]] [[mbili]] au zaidi zenye [[uhasama]], kwa kawaida [[nchi]] au [[serikali]], humaliza rasmi hali ya [[vita]] kati ya wahusika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Anderlini|first=Sanam Naraghi|date=2007-09-01|title=Women Building Peace|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781685853723|doi=10.1515/9781685853723}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mkataba]] wa [[amani]] ni tofauti na makubaliano ya kusitisha mapigano, ambayo ni makubaliano ya kukomesha hali ya vita kati ya wausika; kujisalimisha, ambapo jeshi linakubali kushusha silaha chini; au usitishaji mapigano au kusitisha mapigano kwa [[muda]], ambapo wahusika wanaweza kukubaliana kusitisha mapigano kwa muda au kwa kudumu. Namna ya kujadili mkataba wa amani katika zama za kisasa imerejelewa na msomi wa sheria Christine Bell kama lex pacificatoria,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84995409|title=On the law of peace : peace agreements and the lex pacificatoria|last=Bell|first=Christine|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-922683-2|location=Oxford|oclc=84995409}}&lt;/ref&gt; uwepo wa mkataba wa amani unaweza kusaidia [[utawala]] wa mfumo wa kisheria kipindi cha baada ya migogoro.
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241681</id>
      <parentid>1241676</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:36:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jackson Mujungu</username>
        <id>53508</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1284" xml:space="preserve">== Mkataba wa amani ==
'''Mkataba wa amani''' ni [[makubaliano]] kati ya [[pande]] [[mbili]] au zaidi zenye [[uhasama]], kwa kawaida [[nchi]] au [[serikali]], humaliza rasmi hali ya [[vita]] kati ya wahusika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Anderlini|first=Sanam Naraghi|date=2007-09-01|title=Women Building Peace|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781685853723|doi=10.1515/9781685853723}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mkataba]] wa [[amani]] ni tofauti na makubaliano ya kusitisha mapigano, ambayo ni makubaliano ya kukomesha hali ya vita kati ya wausika; kujisalimisha, ambapo jeshi linakubali kushusha silaha chini; au usitishaji mapigano au kusitisha mapigano kwa [[muda]], ambapo wahusika wanaweza kukubaliana kusitisha mapigano kwa muda au kwa kudumu. Namna ya kujadili mkataba wa amani katika zama za kisasa imerejelewa na msomi wa sheria Christine Bell kama lex pacificatoria,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84995409|title=On the law of peace : peace agreements and the lex pacificatoria|last=Bell|first=Christine|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-922683-2|location=Oxford|oclc=84995409}}&lt;/ref&gt; uwepo wa mkataba wa amani unaweza kusaidia [[utawala]] wa mfumo wa kisheria kipindi cha baada ya migogoro.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241694</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:41:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1262" xml:space="preserve">'''Mkataba wa amani''', ni [[makubaliano]] kati ya [[pande]] [[mbili]] au zaidi zenye [[uhasama]], kwa kawaida [[nchi]] au [[serikali]], humaliza rasmi hali ya [[vita]] kati ya wahusika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Anderlini|first=Sanam Naraghi|date=2007-09-01|title=Women Building Peace|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781685853723|doi=10.1515/9781685853723}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mkataba]] wa [[amani]] ni tofauti na makubaliano ya kusitisha mapigano, ambayo ni makubaliano ya kukomesha hali ya vita kati ya wausika; kujisalimisha, ambapo jeshi linakubali kushusha silaha chini; au usitishaji mapigano au kusitisha mapigano kwa [[muda]], ambapo wahusika wanaweza kukubaliana kusitisha mapigano kwa muda au kwa kudumu. Namna ya kujadili mkataba wa amani katika zama za kisasa imerejelewa na msomi wa sheria Christine Bell kama lex pacificatoria,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84995409|title=On the law of peace : peace agreements and the lex pacificatoria|last=Bell|first=Christine|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-922683-2|location=Oxford|oclc=84995409}}&lt;/ref&gt; uwepo wa mkataba wa amani unaweza kusaidia [[utawala]] wa mfumo wa kisheria kipindi cha baada ya migogoro.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Anuary Rajabu alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Peace treaty]] hadi [[Mkataba wa amani]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1262" xml:space="preserve">'''Mkataba wa amani''', ni [[makubaliano]] kati ya [[pande]] [[mbili]] au zaidi zenye [[uhasama]], kwa kawaida [[nchi]] au [[serikali]], humaliza rasmi hali ya [[vita]] kati ya wahusika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Anderlini|first=Sanam Naraghi|date=2007-09-01|title=Women Building Peace|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781685853723|doi=10.1515/9781685853723}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Mkataba]] wa [[amani]] ni tofauti na makubaliano ya kusitisha mapigano, ambayo ni makubaliano ya kukomesha hali ya vita kati ya wausika; kujisalimisha, ambapo jeshi linakubali kushusha silaha chini; au usitishaji mapigano au kusitisha mapigano kwa [[muda]], ambapo wahusika wanaweza kukubaliana kusitisha mapigano kwa muda au kwa kudumu. Namna ya kujadili mkataba wa amani katika zama za kisasa imerejelewa na msomi wa sheria Christine Bell kama lex pacificatoria,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84995409|title=On the law of peace : peace agreements and the lex pacificatoria|last=Bell|first=Christine|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-922683-2|location=Oxford|oclc=84995409}}&lt;/ref&gt; uwepo wa mkataba wa amani unaweza kusaidia [[utawala]] wa mfumo wa kisheria kipindi cha baada ya migogoro.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241709</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:29:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1184" xml:space="preserve">'''Mkataba wa amani''' ni [[makubaliano]] kati ya [[pande]] [[mbili]] au zaidi zenye [[uhasama]], kwa kawaida [[nchi]] au [[serikali]], ili kumaliza rasmi hali ya [[vita]] kati ya wahusika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Anderlini|first=Sanam Naraghi|date=2007-09-01|title=Women Building Peace|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781685853723|doi=10.1515/9781685853723}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

[[Mkataba]] wa [[amani]] ni tofauti na kujisalimisha, ambapo [[jeshi]] linakubali kushusha [[silaha]] chini; au usitishaji mapigano au kusitisha mapigano kwa [[muda]] tu, ambapo wahusika wanaweza kukubaliana kusitisha mapigano kwa muda au kwa kudumu. 

Namna ya kujadili mkataba wa amani katika zama za kisasa imerejelewa na msomi wa [[sheria]] Christine Bell kama lex pacificatoria,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84995409|title=On the law of peace : peace agreements and the lex pacificatoria|last=Bell|first=Christine|date=2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-922683-2|location=Oxford|oclc=84995409}}&lt;/ref&gt; uwepo wa mkataba wa amani unaweza kusaidia [[utawala]] wa mfumo wa kisheria kipindi kinachofuata migogoro.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Shimgray</title>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:35, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Yonaka</title>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:35, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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      <contributor>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:36, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:37, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:37, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:37, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:37, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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        <id>45588</id>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:38, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:38, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:39, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241691</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:39:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:39, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oj9ric2zly09u0qnzxk6foqd8coxaqc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Ju 123</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156425</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241692</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:39:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:39, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oj9ric2zly09u0qnzxk6foqd8coxaqc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Eve</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241693</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:39:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}}~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="139" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}}'''[[Mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|Anuary Rajabu]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Anuary Rajabu|majadiliano]])''' 12:39, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>oj9ric2zly09u0qnzxk6foqd8coxaqc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Peace treaty</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156427</id>
    <redirect title="Mkataba wa amani" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241696</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:41:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Anuary Rajabu</username>
        <id>45588</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anuary Rajabu alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Peace treaty]] hadi [[Mkataba wa amani]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Mkataba wa amani]]</text>
      <sha1>tmfyqb0qha5piib5sixrqku3u8dh5hm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156428</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241698</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T12:45:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jackson Mujungu</username>
        <id>53508</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="770" xml:space="preserve">== Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Mwaka 1961 ==
[[Sheria]] ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa [[Silaha]] ya [[mwaka]] 1961, 22 U.S.C. § 2551, iliundwa ili kuanzisha baraza tawala la kudhibiti na kupunguza uzalishaji wa silaha  ili kulinda ulimwengu na mizigo ya silaha na janga la vita. Sheria hiyo ilitoa kipengele muhimu katika sera ya mambo ya nje katika [[Utawala]] wa Kennedy ambayo iliambatana na sera ya [[usalama]] ya [[taifa]] ya [[Marekani]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961|date=2022-01-05|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arms_Control_and_Disarmament_Act_of_1961&amp;oldid=1063808138|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
      <sha1>mt0mk2wlwkg51vcufpkrnohc0w0r77q</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241710</id>
      <parentid>1241698</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:30:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961]] hadi [[Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961]]: jina la Kiswahili</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="770" xml:space="preserve">== Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Mwaka 1961 ==
[[Sheria]] ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa [[Silaha]] ya [[mwaka]] 1961, 22 U.S.C. § 2551, iliundwa ili kuanzisha baraza tawala la kudhibiti na kupunguza uzalishaji wa silaha  ili kulinda ulimwengu na mizigo ya silaha na janga la vita. Sheria hiyo ilitoa kipengele muhimu katika sera ya mambo ya nje katika [[Utawala]] wa Kennedy ambayo iliambatana na sera ya [[usalama]] ya [[taifa]] ya [[Marekani]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961|date=2022-01-05|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arms_Control_and_Disarmament_Act_of_1961&amp;oldid=1063808138|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:Diplomasia]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
      <sha1>mt0mk2wlwkg51vcufpkrnohc0w0r77q</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241712</id>
      <parentid>1241710</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:32:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="718" xml:space="preserve">'''Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961''', 22 U.S.C. § 2551, iliundwa ili kuanzisha baraza tawala la kudhibiti na kupunguza uzalishaji wa silaha  ili kulinda ulimwengu na mizigo ya silaha na janga la vita. Sheria hiyo ilitoa kipengele muhimu katika sera ya mambo ya nje katika [[Utawala]] wa [[John F. Kennedy]] ambayo iliambatana na sera ya [[usalama]] ya [[taifa]] ya [[Marekani]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961|date=2022-01-05|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arms_Control_and_Disarmament_Act_of_1961&amp;oldid=1063808138|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Sheria]]
[[Jamii:1961]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
      <sha1>ke0rhovr80mjt5ve5x6qia6sgu7kx48</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241713</id>
      <parentid>1241712</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:34:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="477" xml:space="preserve">'''Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961''', 22 U.S.C. § 2551, iliundwa ili kuanzisha baraza tawala la kudhibiti na kupunguza uzalishaji wa silaha  ili kulinda ulimwengu na mizigo ya silaha na janga la vita. Sheria hiyo ilitoa kipengele muhimu katika sera ya mambo ya nje katika [[Utawala]] wa [[John F. Kennedy]] ambayo iliambatana na sera ya [[usalama]] ya [[taifa]] ya [[Marekani]].

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Sheria]]
[[Jamii:1961]]
[[Jamii:USW]]</text>
      <sha1>4n285jabjcl2fo1nkn7jsmpwqzsljri</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Peace education</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156429</id>
    <redirect title="Elimu ya amani" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241704</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:22:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Peace education]] hadi [[Elimu ya amani]]: jina la Kiswahili</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Elimu ya amani]]</text>
      <sha1>n912a2v9sric5ovgluk8uulgx61ljpt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Idit Harel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156430</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241705</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:23:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Husseyn Issa</username>
        <id>44885</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1934" xml:space="preserve">'''Idit R. Harel''' (alizaliwa na kujulikana kama '''Idit Ron'''; Septemba 18, 1958) ni mwenye [[Marekani|mmarekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Israel|israeli]],[[mjasiriamali]] na mwanzilishi wa kampuni inayo julikana kama  ''Globaloria''. Yeye ni [[Utafiti|mtafiti]] wa [[sayansi]] za kujifunza, na [[mwanzilishi]] wa makala zinazohusu mageuzi ya mbinu za kujifunza tangu mwanzo wa enzi ya [[teknolojia]].

== Muhtasari ==
Harel anatafiti na kuandika juu ya athari za teknolojia mpya ya [[kikokotozi]] ya [[vyombo vya habari]] kwenye maendeleo ya kijamii na kitaaluma ya watoto na [[epistemolojia]] yao. Utafiti wake wa ndani ya [[maabara]] ya [[MIT]] akiwa [[Seymour Papert]] umechangia katika ukuzaji wa nadharia ya ujifunzaji. Yeye huariri katika blogi yake kila mwezi kuhusu Teknolojia na kuhusu elimu ya ujuzi wa [[Tarakilishi|kompyuta]], hasa kwa wanawake, wasichana, na watoto wasiojiweza, na thamani ya kozi kubwa za mtandaoni (MOOCs) katika mageuzi ya elimu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=HuffPost - Breaking News, U.S. and World News|url=https://www.huffpost.com/|work=HuffPost|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Maisha binafsi ==
Idit Ron alizaliwa [[Tel Aviv]], Israel. Wazazi wake na familia yao ni waathirika wa mauaji ya kimbari ya [[Wayahudi]] wa Ulaya wakati wa Vita vya Kidunia vya pili (1941 na 1945) kutoka [[Poland]] na [[Czechoslovakia]]. Aliolewa na mume wake wa kwanza, David Harel, mwaka 1979 ([[talaka]] 1995); wana watoto watatu. Aliolewa na mume wake wa pili, [[gavana]] wa zamani wa [[Virginia]] ya Magharibi, Gaston Caperton, mnamo mwaka 2003, na kuachana mwaka wa 2012&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=idit harel caperton|url=https://redefineschool.com/idit-harel-caperton/|work=be you.|date=2013-04-09|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]]
[[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]]
[[Jamii:Kompyuta]]
[[Jamii:Teknolojia]]</text>
      <sha1>fp9n0y77kwqs11b19ayazlv1t4psbud</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241715</id>
      <parentid>1241705</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:36:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Husseyn Issa</username>
        <id>44885</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ongezeko la Picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1994" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Idit Harel Caperton headshot.jpg|thumb|Idit Harel]]
'''Idit R. Harel''' (alizaliwa na kujulikana kama '''Idit Ron'''; Septemba 18, 1958) ni mwenye [[Marekani|mmarekani]] mwenye asili ya [[Israel|israeli]],[[mjasiriamali]] na mwanzilishi wa kampuni inayo julikana kama  ''Globaloria''. Yeye ni [[Utafiti|mtafiti]] wa [[sayansi]] za kujifunza, na [[mwanzilishi]] wa makala zinazohusu mageuzi ya mbinu za kujifunza tangu mwanzo wa enzi ya [[teknolojia]].

== Muhtasari ==
Harel anatafiti na kuandika juu ya athari za teknolojia mpya ya [[kikokotozi]] ya [[vyombo vya habari]] kwenye maendeleo ya kijamii na kitaaluma ya watoto na [[epistemolojia]] yao. Utafiti wake wa ndani ya [[maabara]] ya [[MIT]] akiwa [[Seymour Papert]] umechangia katika ukuzaji wa nadharia ya ujifunzaji. Yeye huariri katika blogi yake kila mwezi kuhusu Teknolojia na kuhusu elimu ya ujuzi wa [[Tarakilishi|kompyuta]], hasa kwa wanawake, wasichana, na watoto wasiojiweza, na thamani ya kozi kubwa za mtandaoni (MOOCs) katika mageuzi ya elimu&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=HuffPost - Breaking News, U.S. and World News|url=https://www.huffpost.com/|work=HuffPost|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Maisha binafsi ==
Idit Ron alizaliwa [[Tel Aviv]], Israel. Wazazi wake na familia yao ni waathirika wa mauaji ya kimbari ya [[Wayahudi]] wa Ulaya wakati wa Vita vya Kidunia vya pili (1941 na 1945) kutoka [[Poland]] na [[Czechoslovakia]]. Aliolewa na mume wake wa kwanza, David Harel, mwaka 1979 ([[talaka]] 1995); wana watoto watatu. Aliolewa na mume wake wa pili, [[gavana]] wa zamani wa [[Virginia]] ya Magharibi, Gaston Caperton, mnamo mwaka 2003, na kuachana mwaka wa 2012&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=idit harel caperton|url=https://redefineschool.com/idit-harel-caperton/|work=be you.|date=2013-04-09|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Waliozaliwa 1958]]
[[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]]
[[Jamii:Kompyuta]]
[[Jamii:Teknolojia]]</text>
      <sha1>tm1ijjybyju9hosv3cqddmc6namy5tj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tree of Peace</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156431</id>
    <redirect title="Mti wa Amani" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241708</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:24:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Tree of Peace]] hadi [[Mti wa Amani]]: jina la Kiswahili</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Mti wa Amani]]</text>
      <sha1>2s0svmk4ov88fu8kjy7cm8n9wbjlo0m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156432</id>
    <redirect title="Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241711</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:30:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Arms Control and Disarmament Act of 1961]] hadi [[Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961]]: jina la Kiswahili</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Sheria ya Udhibiti na Upunguzaji wa Silaha ya Marekani, mwaka 1961]]</text>
      <sha1>g0fnkill1ko5ic6vyk9n99cc4pn0eq3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kigezo:Wake wa Henry VIII</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>156433</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241719</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:46:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{Multiple image | perrow            = 2 | caption_align     = center | total_width       = 200 | header            = [[Wake wa Henry VIII|Wake sita wa Henry VIII]]&lt;br/&gt;{{Small|(kufuatana na mwaka wa ndoa)}} {{Navbar|Wives of Henry VIII|mini=y}} | header_background = #CCBBEE | image1            = Catalina de Aragón, palacio de Lambeth.jpg | caption1          = [[Katarina wa Aragon]]&lt;br/&gt;(1509–1533) | image2            = AnneBoleynHever.jpg | caption2...'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1041" xml:space="preserve">{{Multiple image
| perrow            = 2
| caption_align     = center
| total_width       = 200
| header            = [[Wake wa Henry VIII|Wake sita wa Henry VIII]]&lt;br/&gt;{{Small|(kufuatana na mwaka wa ndoa)}} {{Navbar|Wives of Henry VIII|mini=y}}
| header_background = #CCBBEE
| image1            = Catalina de Aragón, palacio de Lambeth.jpg
| caption1          = [[Katarina wa Aragon]]&lt;br/&gt;(1509–1533)
| image2            = AnneBoleynHever.jpg
| caption2          = [[Anne Boleyn]]&lt;br/&gt;(1533–1536)
| image3            = Hans Holbein the Younger - Jane Seymour, Queen of England - Google Art Project.jpg
| caption3          = [[Jane Seymour]]&lt;br/&gt;(1536–1537)
| image4            = AnneCleves.jpg
| caption4          = [[Anne of Cleves]]&lt;br/&gt;(1540)
| image5            = HowardCatherine02.jpeg
| caption5          = [[Catherine Howard]]&lt;br/&gt;(1540–1542)
| image6            = Catherine Parr from NPG.jpg
| caption6          = [[Catherine Parr]]&lt;br/&gt;(1543–1547)
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Wafalme na malkia wa Uingereza|H]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>gmzb7h3ke1opxe1r97ube1m0s1vz2nu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jane Seymour</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156434</id>
    <redirect title="Jane Seymour (mwigizaji)" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241723</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:52:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Jane Seymour]] hadi [[Jane Seymour (mwigizaji)]]: kutofautisha watu</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Jane Seymour (mwigizaji)]]</text>
      <sha1>dtc910i30v1jziev1bwbgbqnx58ts0i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:YOHANA PATRICK KATUMBA</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156435</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241724</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T13:53:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika '{{karibu}} ~~~~'</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="152" xml:space="preserve">{{karibu}} '''[[Mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|Riccardo Riccioni]] ([[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Riccardo Riccioni|majadiliano]])''' 13:53, 9 Agosti 2022 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>41fst4bm91xrpvm96e21vk4okodxg6y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Umoja: Kijiji Ambacho Wanaume Wamekatazwa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156436</id>
    <redirect title="Umoja: Kijiji ambacho wanaume ni marufuku" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241725</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:00:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kamara2109</username>
        <id>55365</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>chapisho jipya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2442" xml:space="preserve">'''''Umoja, Kijiji Ambacho Wanaume Wamekatazwa''''' ni filamu ya ukweli kuhusu [[kijiji]] cha Umoja kilichopo nchini [[Kenya]], Iliongozwa na Jean Crousillac na Jean-Marc Sainclair ilitoka mwaka 2009.

== Muhtasari ==
Tangu 1970 hadi 2003, mamia ya wanawake wanadai kuwa wamebakwa na [[askari]] wa [[jeshi]] la [[Uingereza]] kaskazini mwa [[Kenya]]. Wakishutumiwa kuleta aibu kwenye [[jamii]] yao, wengi wao walipigwa na kukataliwa na wanaume wao. Baadhi ya wanawake walianzisha kijiji chao ambacho walikipa jina la Umoja ambacho kilikuwa cha [[Mwanamke|wanawake]] pekeyao na kuwa  kimbilio la wanawake wengi wa Sumburu. Maendeleo ya kijiji cha umoja ya yalisababisha wivu kwa wanaume na kupelekea uvamilizi wa  mara kwa mara na kushabisha  matatizo kwa mwasisi wa kijiji icho, Rebecca Lolosoli.

== Tuzo na matamasha iliyochaguliwa ==
'''2009'''

Mnamo 2009, [[Filamu]] hii ilishinda tuzo ya Fedha katika tuzo za FIPA katika kategoria ya Hadithi Kubwa na Matukio ya  Kijamii.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=UMOJA, LE VILLAGE INTERDIT AUX HOMMES|date=2011-08-06|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/vous/article/2011/08/06/umoja-le-village-interdit-aux-hommes_1556778_3238.html|work=Le Monde.fr|language=fr|access-date=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia ilishinda tuzo la [[Shirika za msalaba mwekundu na hilali nyekundu|Msalaba Mwekundu]] katika tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Reykjavíki.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.mbl.is/media/34/1734.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

Mwaka 2009 ilichaguliwa na matamasha ya kimataifa  ya filamu yafuatayo:

* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu na Jukwaa la Haki za Kibinadamu ([[Geneva]], [[Uswisi|Uswisi)]]
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Jean Rouch ([[Paris]], [[Ufaransa]])
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za makala(Thessaloniki, Ugiriki)
* Tamasha la Filamu la Ecovision (Palermo, Italia)
* Tamasha la Doc-Cévennes (Lasalle, Ufaransa)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu za makala na Anthropolojia (Pärnu, Estonia)
* Tamasha la Filamu za makala ya Haki za Kibinadamu - Filamu ya ufunguzi (Glasgow, Scotland)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Kusini mwa Appalachi (Tennessee, Marekani)
* Tamasha la Uhuru (Brussels, Ubelgiji)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Flahertania (Perm, Urusi)
* Tamasha la Kimataifa la Filamu la Flahertania (Perm, Urusi)
* Tamasha la Ethnografia la Rio (Rio de Janeiro, Brazili)

== Marejeo ==


[[Jamii:Makala ya kenya]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya kenya]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya 2009]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya kiswa]]
[[Jamii:Unyanyasaji wa wanawake]]</text>
      <sha1>ox9nnt5aknnctr357e7d54ilf9cdbrb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241728</id>
      <parentid>1241725</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:12:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa umeelekezwa kwenda [[Umoja: Kijiji ambacho wanaume ni marufuku]]</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="54" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT[[Umoja: Kijiji ambacho wanaume ni marufuku]]</text>
      <sha1>j6p9revyzxlwtmxch25h2qlab8vxrd7</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chris Johnson (mwanasiasa)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156437</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241726</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:03:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Husseyn Issa</username>
        <id>44885</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="970" xml:space="preserve">Chris Johnson ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] wa [[Marekani]] kutoka Maine. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Seneti ya [[Maine]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha siasa cha Democrat Johnson alishinda [[uchaguzi]] maalum kuchukua nafasi ya David Trahan, ambaye alikuwa amejiuzulu kufanya kazi kama mshawishi katika chama hicho. Mnamo 2010, Johnson alishindwa na Trahan kwa 32% ya kura. Alishinda uchaguzi kwa muhula wake kamili wa kwanza mnamo Novemba 2012 kwa kura 171 dhidi ya Mwakilishi wa [[Jimbo]] la Republican Les Fossel. Yeye ni mkazi wa [[Somerville, Massachusetts|Somerville]], Maine na mhitimu wa kidato cha sita katika shule ya [[Bangor, Maine|Bangor]] na Chuo Kikuu cha Maine.

Johnson ni Mkurugenzi wa [[Teknolojia]] ya Habari katika kampuni ya teknolojia huko [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], Maine.

Katika uchaguzi wa 2016, Johnson alipoteza kiti chake kwa mpinzani wa Republican Dana Dow, ambaye alihudumu katika [[Senati|Seneti]] ya Maine kutoka 2004 hadi 2008.

== Marejeo ==</text>
      <sha1>cojefsm1d8b4kdi0y0o8l0j9xywosat</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241727</id>
      <parentid>1241726</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:05:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Husseyn Issa</username>
        <id>44885</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ongezeko la jamii</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1118" xml:space="preserve">Chris Johnson ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] wa [[Marekani]] kutoka Maine. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Seneti ya [[Maine]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha siasa cha Democrat Johnson alishinda [[uchaguzi]] maalum kuchukua nafasi ya David Trahan, ambaye alikuwa amejiuzulu kufanya kazi kama mshawishi katika chama hicho. Mnamo 2010, Johnson alishindwa na Trahan kwa 32% ya kura. Alishinda uchaguzi kwa muhula wake kamili wa kwanza mnamo Novemba 2012 kwa kura 171 dhidi ya Mwakilishi wa [[Jimbo]] la Republican Les Fossel. Yeye ni mkazi wa [[Somerville, Massachusetts|Somerville]], Maine na mhitimu wa kidato cha sita katika shule ya [[Bangor, Maine|Bangor]] na Chuo Kikuu cha Maine.

Johnson ni Mkurugenzi wa [[Teknolojia]] ya Habari katika kampuni ya teknolojia huko [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], Maine.

Katika uchaguzi wa 2016, Johnson alipoteza kiti chake kwa mpinzani wa Republican Dana Dow, ambaye alihudumu katika [[Senati|Seneti]] ya Maine kutoka 2004 hadi 2008.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Teknolojia]]
[[Jamii:Kompyuta]]
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]]</text>
      <sha1>ocyvj9wqadf03rdhfmn03kdj1dqk9n7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241740</id>
      <parentid>1241727</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:42:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Chris Johnson(mwanasiasa)]] hadi [[Chris Johnson (mwanasiasa)]]: urahisi wa kuupata</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1118" xml:space="preserve">Chris Johnson ni [[Siasa|mwanasiasa]] wa [[Marekani]] kutoka Maine. Alikuwa mwanachama wa Seneti ya [[Maine]]. Akiwa mwanachama wa chama cha siasa cha Democrat Johnson alishinda [[uchaguzi]] maalum kuchukua nafasi ya David Trahan, ambaye alikuwa amejiuzulu kufanya kazi kama mshawishi katika chama hicho. Mnamo 2010, Johnson alishindwa na Trahan kwa 32% ya kura. Alishinda uchaguzi kwa muhula wake kamili wa kwanza mnamo Novemba 2012 kwa kura 171 dhidi ya Mwakilishi wa [[Jimbo]] la Republican Les Fossel. Yeye ni mkazi wa [[Somerville, Massachusetts|Somerville]], Maine na mhitimu wa kidato cha sita katika shule ya [[Bangor, Maine|Bangor]] na Chuo Kikuu cha Maine.

Johnson ni Mkurugenzi wa [[Teknolojia]] ya Habari katika kampuni ya teknolojia huko [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], Maine.

Katika uchaguzi wa 2016, Johnson alipoteza kiti chake kwa mpinzani wa Republican Dana Dow, ambaye alihudumu katika [[Senati|Seneti]] ya Maine kutoka 2004 hadi 2008.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Teknolojia]]
[[Jamii:Kompyuta]]
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]]</text>
      <sha1>ocyvj9wqadf03rdhfmn03kdj1dqk9n7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chris Johnson(mwanasiasa)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156438</id>
    <redirect title="Chris Johnson (mwanasiasa)" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241741</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T14:42:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Riccardo Riccioni</username>
        <id>452</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Riccardo Riccioni alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Chris Johnson(mwanasiasa)]] hadi [[Chris Johnson (mwanasiasa)]]: urahisi wa kuupata</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="40" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Chris Johnson (mwanasiasa)]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bwana Myombekere na Mkewe Bugonoka, Mtoto wao Ntulanalwo na Binti Bulihwali.</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156439</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241742</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-09T15:40:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kamara2109</username>
        <id>55365</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>chapisho jipya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2929" xml:space="preserve">'''''Bwana Myombekere na Mkewe Bugonoka, Mtoto wao Ntulanalwo na Binti Bulihwali.''''' Ni [[riwaya]] iliyo andikwa na mwandishi [[Tanzania|Mtanzania]] Aniceti Kitereza. Ni riwaya inayo elezea kwa upana maisha na [[historia]] ya [[Wakerewe]] katika vizazi vitatu vilivyo pita.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Den allra vackraste kärlekshistorien - hd.se|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927144112/http://hd.se/kultur/boken/2009/01/11/den-allra-vackraste/|work=web.archive.org|date=2013-09-27|accessdate=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Mkuki Nyanto|url=https://mkukinanyota.com/|work=mkukinanyota.com|accessdate=2022-08-09}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Ilichapishwa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka 1981 katika [[Kiswahili|Kiswahil]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;i na Nyumba ya Uchapishaji Tanzania, lakini ilikamilika mwaka 1945 katika lugha mama ya Kikerewe. Kwa kuwa hakuna kampuni ya uchapishaji iliyo kuwa tayari kuchapisha riwaya iyo katika [[lugha]] ya kikerewe iliyo hatarini kutoweka, Kitereza  ali[[tafsiri]] mwenyewe riwaya hiyo kwa Kiswahili muda mfupi kabla ya kukutwa na mauti, na ilichukua miaka 35 kupata mchapishaji. 

Tangu, imetafsiriwa katika lugha za [[Kiingereza]], Kijerumani, Kifaransa na Kiswidishi. Riwaya hii ndiyo pekee iliyoandikwa kwa lugha ya Kikerewe, na ni riwaya ya iliyo andikwa kwa kina zaidi kuhusu maisha na desturi za kabla ya ukoloni iliyochapishwa katika lugha ya Kiafrika.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Introduktion till den afrikanska litteraturen|url=https://varldslitteratur.se/afrika/introduktion|work=Världslitteratur.se|date=2011-04-29|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=sv}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Tafsiri ya [[Kijerumani]] ilichapishwa mwaka 1990 katika sehemu mbili ambayo ni wasifu na maelezo baada ya [[mauti]], Ikielezea [[utamaduni]] na kiisimu ambao msomaji anaweza kuhitaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Aniceti Kitereza: Die Kinder der Regenmacher|url=http://www.unionsverlag.com/info/title.asp?title_id=2059|work=www.unionsverlag.com|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=de}}&lt;/ref&gt; Katika lugha ya kifaransa ili tafsiriwa na Simon Baguma Mweze na Olivier Barlet pia kuchapishwa katika sehemu mbili ilikuwa ni mwaka 1999: ''Watoto wa mvua''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=LES ENFANTS DU FAISEUR DE PLUIE, Aniceti Kitereza - livre, ebook, epub - idée lecture|url=https://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index_harmattan.asp?navig=catalogue&amp;obj=livre&amp;razSqlClone=1&amp;no=2281|work=www.editions-harmattan.fr|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt; na ''muuaji wa nyoka''.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=LE TUEUR DE SERPENTS, Aniceti Kitereza - livre, ebook, epub|url=https://www.editions-harmattan.fr/index_harmattan.asp?navig=catalogue&amp;obj=livre&amp;razSqlClone=1&amp;no=8380|work=www.editions-harmattan.fr|accessdate=2022-08-09|language=fr}}&lt;/ref&gt;Tafsiri ya kiswidi ilifata misingi ya kijerumani lakini ni sehemu ya kwanza pekee iliyochapishwa. 

== Marejeo ==


[[Jamii:Lugha ya kikerewe]]
[[Jamii:Mwandishi Mtanzania]]
[[Jamii:Riwaya ya Tanzania]]
[[Jamii:Riwaya ya mwaka 1981]]
[[Jamii:Wakerewe]]</text>
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    <title>Mtumiaji:Severestorm28</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>156440</id>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241786</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:08:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>30468</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Mtumiaji:Severestorm28]] hadi [[Mtumiaji:Sarrail]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Severestorm28|Severestorm28]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sarrail|Sarrail]]&quot;</comment>
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      <text bytes="30" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Mtumiaji:Sarrail]]</text>
      <sha1>dxod2d2g3sfntheourd9wl0bpj5rin1</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Severestorm28</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156441</id>
    <redirect title="Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sarrail" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241787</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T03:08:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>30468</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>QueerEcofeminist alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Severestorm28]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Sarrail]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Severestorm28|Severestorm28]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Sarrail|Sarrail]]&quot;</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bada Kaji</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156442</id>
    <redirect title="Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:बडा काजी" />
    <revision>
      <id>1241796</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T04:11:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>QueerEcofeminist</username>
        <id>30468</id>
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      <comment>QueerEcofeminist alihamisha ukurasa wa [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Bada Kaji]] hadi [[Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:बडा काजी]]: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/Bada Kaji|Bada Kaji]]&quot; to &quot;[[Special:CentralAuth/बडा काजी|बडा काजी]]&quot;</comment>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Capers Jones</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156443</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241799</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T05:57:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Husseyn Issa</username>
        <id>44885</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Anzisha Makala</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2172" xml:space="preserve">Capers Jones ni [[mtaalamu]] wa Kimarekani wa [[uhandisi]] katika uandishi wa  [[programu]] za mifumo, na mara nyingi huhusishwa na mifumo ya  ukadiriaji wa gharama katika nyanja tofauti tofauti.

Alizaliwa huko [[St. Petersburg, Florida|St Petersburg]], Florida, [[Marekani]] na kuhitimu kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Florida, akiwa amehitimu na kubobea katika lugha ya [[Kiingereza]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Department of English {{!}} Alumni Profile: T. Capers Jones|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404102056/http://www.english.ufl.edu/alumni/fall2009/jones.html|work=web.archive.org|date=2012-04-04|accessdate=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Baadaye alikua Rais na Mkurugenzi Mtendaji wa ''Capers Jones &amp; Associates'' na baadaye [[Mwanasayansi]] Mkuu Emeritus wa Utafiti wa Tija za Programu (SPR)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SPR {{!}} Technology Modernization Firm|url=https://spr.com/|work=SPR|accessdate=2022-08-10|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Mnamo mwaka 2011, alianzisha kampuni ya ''Namcook Analytics LLC'', ambapo yeye ni Makamu wa Rais na Afisa Mkuu wa [[Teknolojia]] (CTO)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Homepage|url=http://namcookanalytics.com/|work=The Barn Burner NamCook Analytics|accessdate=2022-08-10|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

Aliunda biashara yake mwenyewe mnamo 1984, Utafiti wa Tija za Programu, baada ya kushikilia nyadhifa katika ''IBM'' na ''ITT''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SPR {{!}} Technology Modernization Firm|url=https://spr.com/|work=SPR|accessdate=2022-08-10|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;. Lakini baada ya kustaafu kutoka kwenye Utafiti wa Tija za Programu  2000, Casper anabaki tu kuwa kama mshauri.

Yeye ni Mshauri Mashuhuri wa Muungano wa Ubora wa Programu ya teknolojia ya habari (CISQ)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=SEI News {{!}} Carnegie Mellon SEI and OMG Announce the Launch of CISQ—The Consortium for IT Software Quality (www.it-cisq.org)|url=https://insights.sei.cmu.edu/news/carnegie-mellon-sei-and-omg-announce-the-launch-of-cisqthe-consortium-for-it-software-quality-wwwit-cisqorg/|work=SEI News|accessdate=2022-08-10|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;.

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Mbegu za wanasayansi]]
[[Jamii:Wanasayansi wa Marekani]]
[[Jamii:Teknolojia]]
[[Jamii:Kompyuta]]
[[Jamii:Watu wa Marekani]]</text>
      <sha1>eyqh7atfuv3y8xluxjn9wh2mflb0kgd</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Majadiliano ya mtumiaji:Pamokooo</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>156444</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241802</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T08:00:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pamokooo</username>
        <id>55414</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Ukurasa ulianzishwa kwa kuandika ''''Pamoko''' likiwa kama neno lisilo rasmi lenye maana sawa na pamoja, ni '''shirika''' la '''mashoga''' na '''wasagaji''' nchini '''Tanzania''' likiwa tawi la '''LGBTQ''' lililoundwa '''Dar''' '''es''' '''Salaam''' kwa lengo la kuunganisha wapenzi wote wa jinsia moja. Wapenzi wa jinsia moja wamekuwa wakiungana na kujadili maswala yote yanayohusiana la '''LGBTQ''' ikiwemo ushauri juu ya afya zao na namna nzuri ya kushiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja. Kumekuwa...'</comment>
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      <text bytes="740" xml:space="preserve">'''Pamoko''' likiwa kama neno lisilo rasmi lenye maana sawa na pamoja, ni '''shirika''' la '''mashoga''' na '''wasagaji''' nchini '''Tanzania''' likiwa tawi la '''LGBTQ''' lililoundwa '''Dar''' '''es''' '''Salaam''' kwa lengo la kuunganisha wapenzi wote wa jinsia moja.
Wapenzi wa jinsia moja wamekuwa wakiungana na kujadili maswala yote yanayohusiana la '''LGBTQ''' ikiwemo ushauri juu ya afya zao na namna nzuri ya kushiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja.
Kumekuwa na dhana mbaya juu ya watu wanaoshiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja wengine wakidai sio vitendo sahihi vilivyohalalishwa, lakini '''Pamoko''' wanadai kuwa kuna ulazima wa kuwaunganisha wapenzi wa jinsia moja na kushauriana nao ili kuwalinda na maafa yatokanayo na ngono ya jinsia moja.</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1241803</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Pamokooo</username>
        <id>55414</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added content</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="745" xml:space="preserve">'''Pamoko''' likiwa kama neno lisilo rasmi lenye maana sawa na pamoja, ni '''shirika''' la '''mashoga''' na '''wasagaji''' nchini '''Tanzania''' likiwa tawi la '''LGBTQ''' lililoundwa '''Dar''' '''es''' '''Salaam''' kwa lengo la kuunganisha wapenzi wote wa jinsia moja.
Wapenzi wa jinsia moja wamekuwa wakiungana na kujadili maswala yote yanayohusiana la '''LGBTQ''' ikiwemo ushauri juu ya afya zao na namna nzuri ya kushiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja.
Kumekuwa na dhana mbaya juu ya watu wanaoshiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja wengine wakidai sio vitendo sahihi vilivyohalalishwa, lakini '''Pamoko''' wanadai kuwa kuna ulazima wa kuwaunganisha wapenzi wote wa jinsia moja na kushauriana nao ili kuwalinda na maafa yatokanayo na ngono ya jinsia moja.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Pamoko</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156445</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241804</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T08:08:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pamokooo</username>
        <id>55414</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimeongeza</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="677" xml:space="preserve">Pamoko likiwa kama neno lisilo rasmi lenye maana sawa na pamoja, ni shirika la mashoga na wasagaji nchini Tanzania likiwa tawi la LGBTQ lililoundwa Dar es Salaam kwa lengo la kuunganisha wapenzi wote wa jinsia moja. 

Wapenzi wa jinsia moja wamekuwa wakiungana na kujadili maswala yote yanayohusiana la LGBTQ ikiwemo ushauri juu ya afya zao na namna nzuri ya kushiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja.

Kumekuwa na dhana mbaya juu ya watu wanaoshiriki mapenzi ya jinsia moja wengine wakidai sio vitendo sahihi vilivyohalalishwa, lakini Pamoko wanadai kuwa kuna ulazima wa kuwaunganisha wapenzi wa jinsia moja na kushauriana nao ili kuwalinda na maafa yatokanayo na ngono ya jinsia moja.</text>
      <sha1>8isi93pvt36j4u2ef9qt4kzcrfpkmbu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241805</id>
      <parentid>1241804</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T08:19:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pamokooo</username>
        <id>55414</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added content</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="793" xml:space="preserve">'''Pamoko''' likiwa kama neno lisilo rasmi lenye maana sawa na pamoja, ni '''shirika''' la '''mashoga''' na '''wasagaji''' nchini [[Tanzania]] likiwa tawi la [[LGBT]] lililoundwa [[Dar es Salaam]] kwa lengo la kuunganisha '''wapenzi''' wote wa '''jinsia''' moja. 

'''Wapenzi''' wa '''jinsia''' moja wamekuwa wakiungana na kujadili maswala yote yanayohusiana la [[LGBT]] ikiwemo ushauri juu ya afya zao na namna nzuri ya kushiriki '''mapenzi''' ya '''jinsia''' moja.

Kumekuwa na dhana mbaya juu ya watu wanaoshiriki '''mapenzi''' ya '''jinsia''' moja wengine wakidai sio vitendo sahihi vilivyohalalishwa, lakini '''Pamoko''' wanadai kuwa kuna ulazima wa kuwaunganisha '''wapenzi''' wa '''jinsia''' moja na kushauriana nao ili kuwalinda na maafa yatokanayo na '''ngono''' ya '''jinsia''' moja.</text>
      <sha1>3u0clr4qs0qdvrn5dnqi7jr86dlri0c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241807</id>
      <parentid>1241805</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T08:43:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Pamokooo</username>
        <id>55414</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nimezuia kuhariri</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="812" xml:space="preserve">'''Pamoko''' likiwa kama neno lisilo rasmi lenye maana sawa na pamoja, ni '''shirika''' la '''mashoga''' na '''wasagaji''' nchini [[Tanzania]] likiwa tawi la [[LGBT]] lililoundwa [[Dar es Salaam]] kwa lengo la kuunganisha '''wapenzi''' wote wa '''jinsia''' moja. 

'''Wapenzi''' wa '''jinsia''' moja wamekuwa wakiungana na kujadili maswala yote yanayohusiana la [[LGBT]] ikiwemo ushauri juu ya afya zao na namna nzuri ya kushiriki '''mapenzi''' ya '''jinsia''' moja.

Kumekuwa na dhana mbaya juu ya watu wanaoshiriki '''mapenzi''' ya '''jinsia''' moja wengine wakidai sio vitendo sahihi vilivyohalalishwa, lakini '''Pamoko''' wanadai kuwa kuna ulazima wa kuwaunganisha '''wapenzi''' wa '''jinsia''' moja na kushauriana nao ili kuwalinda na maafa yatokanayo na '''ngono''' ya '''jinsia''' moja.

__NOEDITSECTION__</text>
      <sha1>m6x9saxsedxsomysldgsotxmygat3qt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sultani al-Hasan ibn Sulaiman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156446</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241806</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T08:24:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kamara2109</username>
        <id>55365</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>chapisho jipya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1481" xml:space="preserve">'''Sultani al-Hasan ibn Sulaiman''' ([[kiarabu]]: الحسن بن سليمان) mara nyingi hujulikana kama &quot;Abu'l-Muwahib&quot; (&quot;baba wa zawadi&quot;), alikuwa mtawala wa Kiarabu katika kisiwa cha Kilwa, kinacho patikana [[Tanzania]] ya sasa, alitawala tangu mwaka 1310 hadi 1333. Jina lake kamili lilikuwa Abu al-Muzaffar Hasan Abu al-Muwahib bin Sulaiman al-Mat'un bin Hasan bin Talut al-Mahdal.

== Historia ==
Al-Hasan ibn Sulaiman alikuwa ni mwanachama mwenye vinasaba vya Mahdali, na alisimamia katika kipindi cha ustawi wa mji mkuu wa Kilwa.

Mahdal wanadai vinasaba vya sultani vilikuwa ni uislamu. Alijenga Ikilu ya Husuni  nje ya mji na kufanya upanuzi mkubwa wa Msikiti Mkuu wa [[Kilwa Kisiwani|Kilwa]] .

Ujenzi huu inaonekana ulichagizwa na Hija ya sulltani huko [[Makka|Makka,]] ambaye alitaka kuiga majego yale makubwa. Mwaka 1331 [[Ibn Battuta]] alitembelea [[mahakama]] ya Sultani na kueleazea ukarimu wake. Ndo chanzo cha jina la &quot;baba wa [[zawadi]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Sultan al-Hasan ibn Sulaiman|date=2022-08-01|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sultan_al-Hasan_ibn_Sulaiman&amp;oldid=1101662714|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Sultan al-Hasan ibn Sulaiman|date=2022-08-01|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sultan_al-Hasan_ibn_Sulaiman&amp;oldid=1101662714|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==


[[Jamii:Sultani]]
[[Jamii:Kilwa]]
[[Jamii:Kiarabu]]
[[Jamii:Mtawala]]</text>
      <sha1>b6w64sz1t9gv6w2jbrnpxpk6yakaqjl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mchuzi wa Kiafrika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156447</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241809</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T09:50:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kamara2109</username>
        <id>55365</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>chapisho jipya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2137" xml:space="preserve">'''''Mchuzi wa kiafrika''''' ni albamu ya nne ya bendi maarufu kutoka nchini [[Kenya]] [[Sauti Sol]], iliyotolewa kwenye lebo yao Sauti Sol Entertainment.&lt;ref&gt;https://music.apple.com/us/album/afrikan-sauce/1450820367&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.okayafrica.com/sauti-sol-afrikan-sauce-new-album-listen/&lt;/ref&gt; Kimsingi albamu yao ya mchuzi wa kiafrika iliashiria kuondoka kwa sauti za asili kulinganisha na albamu zao zilizo tangulia. Imewashilikisha wasanii kama Patoranking, Tiwa Savage, Burna Boy, Vanessa Mdee, Yemi Alade, Khaligraph Jones, Nyashinski, Bebe Cool, Mi Casa, Toofan, Jah Prayzah and C4 Pedro.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.okayafrica.com/sauti-sol-afrikan-sauce-new-album-listen/&lt;/ref&gt; Albamu ina nyimbo 13 zikiwemo nyimbo zilizotolewa  awali kama &quot;Melanin&quot;, &quot;Girl Next Door&quot;, &quot;Afrikan Star&quot;, &quot;Short N Sweet&quot; and &quot;Tujiangalie&quot;.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.okayafrica.com/sauti-sol-afrikan-sauce-new-album-listen/&lt;/ref&gt;

== Kuhusu albamu ==
[[Sauti sol]] walieleza albamu hiyo kama mradi wa &quot;mabadilishano ya sanaa na kitamaduni&quot; na walisema itatoka mwishoni mwa mwaka 2017.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Not Enough Sauce on Sauti Sol's 'Afrikan Sauce' Album|url=https://tangazamagazine.com/features/2019/3/17/not-enough-sauce-on-sauti-sols-afrikan-sauce-album|work=Tangaza Magazine|accessdate=2022-08-10|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Pia walitangaza malengo yao ya kuachia nyimbo na wasanii tofauti tofauti wa Afrika kila mwezi.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Not Enough Sauce on Sauti Sol's 'Afrikan Sauce' Album|url=https://tangazamagazine.com/features/2019/3/17/not-enough-sauce-on-sauti-sols-afrikan-sauce-album|work=Tangaza Magazine|accessdate=2022-08-10|language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hata hivyo malengo yao haya kutimia kutokana na vikwazo vya kifedha.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Sauti Sol reveal financial constraints have affected their 2018 plans - The Sauce|url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/sauti-sol-reveal-financial-constraints-have-affected-their-2018-plans/|work=www.capitalfm.co.ke|accessdate=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Albamu ya Afrika Mashariki]]
[[Jamii:Albamu ya Afrika]]
[[Jamii:Sauti sol]]
[[Jamii:Bendi ya Kenya]]
[[Jamii:Sauti sol Entertainment]]</text>
      <sha1>ovbzliozjejq97sad7zreywaakwlyz7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Joseph R. Donovan Jr.</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156448</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241811</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T09:57:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kuogeza jamii na kuongeza picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1267" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Joseph R. Donovan, Jr.jpg|alt=Balozi wa marekani kule Indonesia|thumb|Joseph R. Donovan Jr.]]
'''Joseph R. Donovan Jr.''' ni mwanadiplomasia wazamani wa kimarekani amabe hapo nyuma aliweza kutumikia kama [[Ambasada wa Marekani Indonesia.|ambasada wa Marekani  nchini Indonesia.]]


Maisha yake ya  hapo Nyuma

Joseph R. Donovan Jr. alihitimu katika chuo kikuu cha masuala ya mambo ya nje cha Georgetown.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Burns, William Joseph, (born 11 April 1956), President, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, since 2015; Deputy Secretary of State, United States Department of State, 2011–14|date=2007-12-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.244965|work=Who's Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;Aliweza kuipata shahda yake ya uzamili kutokea  shule ya Naval Postgraduate School.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Burns, William Joseph, (born 11 April 1956), President, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, since 2015; Deputy Secretary of State, United States Department of State, 2011–14|date=2007-12-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.244965|work=Who's Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;


'''Marejeo'''

[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:USW CHSS]]</text>
      <sha1>70pago9i8eaxpq742cp3801c4rpoyrh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Jim Doyle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156449</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241812</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:10:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nimeongeza jamii na picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1803" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Jim Doyle (cropped).jpg|alt=44th Gavana wa Wisconsin|thumb|'''Jim Doyle''']]
'''James Edward Doyle, Jr.''', ( Amezaliwa mnamo mwezi Novemba  tarehe 23, mwaka 1945) ni mwanasheria na mwanasiasa wa kimarekani ambae aliweza kutumikia kama [[gavana wa arobaini na nne (44)]] wa [[Wisconsin]], akitumikia kuanzia januari 6 mwaka 2006 hadi kufikia januari 3 ya mwaka 2011. Katika [[uchaguzi wake wa kwanza]] wa kuwania ugavana wa Wasconsin aliweza kumshinda gavana [[Scott McCallum]] [[aliyekuwa madarakani]] kwa kuwa na wingi wa asilimia 45 kwa asilimia 41,  Mgombea wa chama cha [[Libertarian]] [[Ed Thompson]] alishinda asilimia 10 ya kura. Japokuwa mnamo mwaka [[2002]] wanademokrasia waliongeza namba za magavana, Doyle alikuwa ni mmoja wa kipekee baina yao kuondoa kiti cha republican. Doyle aliweza pia kutumikia kama [[Mwanasheria Mkuu|mwanasheria mkuu]] wa Wisconsin kwa takribani miaka 12 kabla hajaweza kuwa gavana. Kwa sasa ni wakili wa mawakili katika ofisi ya [[Madison, Wisconsin]] inayomilikiwa na [[Foley &amp; Lardner]] na pia anatumikia katika bodi ya ushirika ya [[Epic systems.]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Andrews, Mark Björnsen, (born 12 July 1952), Partner (formerly Deputy Chairman), SNR Denton UK LLP (formerly Denton Wilde Sapte), solicitors, 2000–11; Consultant, Dentons UKMEA LLP (formerly SNR Denton UK), 2011–13|date=2007-12-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.5531|work=Who's Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2018-07-13|title=Employers Win Supreme Court Approval of Waivers|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mare.30414|journal=Management Report for Nonunion Organizations|volume=41|issue=8|pages=1–2|doi=10.1002/mare.30414|issn=0745-4880}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Marejeo'''
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:USW CHSS]]</text>
      <sha1>59oiicbhvr9sirnnreujqu16cem7hq4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Steve Driehaus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156450</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241813</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:23:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kuongeza jamii na picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1263" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Steve Driehaus official photo.jpg|thumb|'''Steve Driehaus''']]
'''Steven Leo Driehaus''' (amezaliwa Juni ya tarehe 24, mnamo mwaka 1966) ni mwanasiasa wa kimarekani na [[mwakilishi wa Marekani]] katika [[wilaya ya Congress ya kwanza kule Ohio,]] ambapo aliweza kutumikia kuanzia mwaka 2009 hadi mnamo mwaka 2011. Alikuwa ni mwanachama wa chama cha [[Kidemokrasia]], Hapo nyuma aliweza kutumikia kama [[Fimbo]] ya wachache katika [[nyumba ya wawakilishi la Ohio]].

Wilaya inajumuisha nne ya tano ya maagharibi ya [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]] lakini pia vitongoji vya kaskazini na jiji la Magharibi kule [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]] na nchi za [[Butler.]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=CBS News/New York Times Ohio Poll, October 2006|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3886/icpsr04645.v1|work=ICPSR Data Holdings|date=2008-04-15|accessdate=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Hapo nyuma alikuwa ni mwanachama wa muhula wa nne wa wa baraza la [[wawakilishi wa Ohio,]] akiwakilisha wilaya ya 31 kuanzia mwaka 2001 hadi mnamo mwaka 2009. Nyumba yake ya serikari ya wilaya ya Ohio ilijumuisha magharibi ya [[Cincinnati, Ohio|Cincinnati]], na ujumla wa [[Addyston,]] [[Cheviot]], [[Cleves]] na [[Bend. Ohio|Kaskazini mwa Bend, kule Ohio.]] 


'''Marejeo'''
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:USW CHSS]]</text>
      <sha1>k77rcim18vi42imsfks665apwwnsiv7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The African Queen (filamu)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156451</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241814</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:36:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kamara2109</username>
        <id>55365</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>chapisho jipya</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1430" xml:space="preserve">'''''The African Queen''''' ni filamu ya matukio iliyotoka mwaka 1951 kutoka kwa [[Uingereza|Waingereza]] na [[Amerika]] iloyo chukuliwa kutoka kwenye [[riwaya]]  ya mwaka 1935 yenye jina sawa ya C. S. Forester.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The African Queen (1951) at Reel Classics|url=http://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/African/african.htm|work=www.reelclassics.com|accessdate=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Filamu hii iliongozwa na John Huston wakati Sam Spiegel na John Woolf wakiwa watayalishaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=The African Queen (film)|date=2022-07-30|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_African_Queen_(film)&amp;oldid=1101387037|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wahusika ==

* [[Humphrey Bogart]] ambaye alicheza kama Charlie Allnut
* [[Katharine Hepburn]] ambaye alicheza kama Rose Sayer
* Robert Morley ambaye alicheza kama Reverend Samuel Sayer, &quot;The Brother&quot;
* Peter Bull ambaye alicheza kama kapteni wa ''Königin Luise''
* Theodore Bikel ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa kwanza wa ''Königin Luise''
* Walter Gotell ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa pili wa ''Königin Luise''
* Peter Swanwick ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa kwanza wa Fort Shona
* Richard Marner ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa pili wa Fort Shona
* Gerald Onn ambaye alicheza kama afisa mdogo wa ''Königin Luise'' (uncredited)

[[Jamii:Filamu ya Wingereza]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya mwaka 1951]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya Amerika]]
[[Jamii:Riwaya]]</text>
      <sha1>piuxxvh8lhnlq08k9r3ywikmm6iat9j</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241815</id>
      <parentid>1241814</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:40:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kamara2109</username>
        <id>55365</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Wahusika */</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1444" xml:space="preserve">'''''The African Queen''''' ni filamu ya matukio iliyotoka mwaka 1951 kutoka kwa [[Uingereza|Waingereza]] na [[Amerika]] iloyo chukuliwa kutoka kwenye [[riwaya]]  ya mwaka 1935 yenye jina sawa ya C. S. Forester.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=The African Queen (1951) at Reel Classics|url=http://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/African/african.htm|work=www.reelclassics.com|accessdate=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Filamu hii iliongozwa na John Huston wakati Sam Spiegel na John Woolf wakiwa watayalishaji.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=The African Queen (film)|date=2022-07-30|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_African_Queen_(film)&amp;oldid=1101387037|work=Wikipedia|language=en|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Wahusika ==

* [[Humphrey Bogart]] ambaye alicheza kama Charlie Allnut
* [[Katharine Hepburn]] ambaye alicheza kama Rose Sayer
* Robert Morley ambaye alicheza kama Reverend Samuel Sayer, &quot;The Brother&quot;
* Peter Bull ambaye alicheza kama kapteni wa ''Königin Luise''
* Theodore Bikel ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa kwanza wa ''Königin Luise''
* Walter Gotell ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa pili wa ''Königin Luise''
* Peter Swanwick ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa kwanza wa Fort Shona
* Richard Marner ambaye alicheza kama afisa wa pili wa Fort Shona
* Gerald Onn ambaye alicheza kama afisa mdogo wa ''Königin Luise'' (uncredited)

== Marejeo ==
[[Jamii:Filamu ya Wingereza]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya mwaka 1951]]
[[Jamii:Filamu ya Amerika]]
[[Jamii:Riwaya]]</text>
      <sha1>mky5k65rfkv8grsyejhkye3os9u3m7l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Danese Cooper</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156452</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241816</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:43:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kutafsiri makala, kuongeza jamii na kuongeza picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="496" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Wikimedia Foundation Danese Cooper Sept 2010.jpg|alt=Danese Cooper, September 2010|thumb|'''Danese Cooper''']]
'''Danese Cooper''' ni mtayarishaji wa program wa kimarekani[,1] mwanasayansi wa komputa[2] na wakili wa [[open source software]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2010|title=Briefly Noted|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.0.0097|journal=portal: Libraries and the Academy|volume=10|issue=2|pages=252–253|doi=10.1353/pla.0.0097|issn=1530-7131}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Jamii:Amani]]
[[Jamii:USW CHSS]]</text>
      <sha1>a68rnglf8ypbukutn4ec03eq3yk7abb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1241817</id>
      <parentid>1241816</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:44:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kuongeza marejeo</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="511" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Wikimedia Foundation Danese Cooper Sept 2010.jpg|alt=Danese Cooper, September 2010|thumb|'''Danese Cooper''']]
'''Danese Cooper''' ni mtayarishaji wa program wa kimarekani[,1] mwanasayansi wa komputa[2] na wakili wa [[open source software]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2010|title=Briefly Noted|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.0.0097|journal=portal: Libraries and the Academy|volume=10|issue=2|pages=252–253|doi=10.1353/pla.0.0097|issn=1530-7131}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''Marejeo'''
[[Jamii:Amani]]
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    <revision>
      <id>1241818</id>
      <parentid>1241817</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T10:44:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kuongeza marejeo</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="512" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Wikimedia Foundation Danese Cooper Sept 2010.jpg|alt=Danese Cooper, September 2010|thumb|'''Danese Cooper''']]
'''Danese Cooper''' ni mtayarishaji wa program wa kimarekani[,1] mwanasayansi wa komputa[2] na wakili wa [[open source software]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2010|title=Briefly Noted|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.0.0097|journal=portal: Libraries and the Academy|volume=10|issue=2|pages=252–253|doi=10.1353/pla.0.0097|issn=1530-7131}}&lt;/ref&gt;


'''Marejeo'''
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Michael Corbin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156453</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1241819</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T11:09:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kutafsiri makal, kuongeza jamii na kuongeza picha</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="4405" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Michael H Corbin ambassador 2011.jpg|thumb|'''Michael H. Corbin''']]
'''Michael H. Corbin''' (amezaliwa mnamo mwaka 1960) ni [[afisa wa wakimarekani anayetoa huduma za kigeni]] na [[mwanadiplomasia]]. Aliweza kutumikia kama b[[alozi wa marekani]] katika nchi ya [[United Arab Emirates]]. Aliweza kuteuliwa katika nafasi hiyo mnamo Mei ya tarehe 9 mwaka 2011, na kuweza kupitishwa na  [[Senati (Marekani)|Seneti ya Marekani]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=AHLBERG|first=KRISTIN L.|date=2008|title=Building a Model Public History Program: The Office of the Historian at the U.S. Department of State|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2008.30.2.9|journal=The Public Historian|volume=30|issue=2|pages=9–28|doi=10.1525/tph.2008.30.2.9|issn=0272-3433}}&lt;/ref&gt; Juni ya tarehe 30 na  kuapishwa chini ya [[katibu wa masuala ya kisiasa wa Marekani]] ambaye alijulikana kama [[William J. Burns]] mnamo Julai ya tarehe 25.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Bradtke, Hon. Robert Anthony, (born 11 Oct. 1949), United States Ambassador to Croatia, 2006–09; Senior Advisor for Partner Engagement on Syria Foreign Fighters, US Department of State, 2014–15|date=2007-12-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.8498|work=Who's Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2011-08-01|title=Appointments.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archdermatol.2011.224|journal=Archives of Dermatology|volume=147|issue=8|pages=895|doi=10.1001/archdermatol.2011.224|issn=0003-987X}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=State Department, Despatch, Transmission of Original Copy of a United States - German Agreement, March 31, 1|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004346673.wmdo-05_136|work=Weapons of Mass Destruction|accessdate=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;Aliweza kuwasili Abu Dhabi mnamo Julai ya rehe 27 na kuwasilisha [[Hati tambulishi]] (nyaraka muhimu zilizokuwa zikimtambulisha kama balozi katika nchi pokezi) chini ya Naibu waziri wa masuala ya mambo ya nje Juma Mubarak Al Junaibi katika julai ya tarehe 28 iliyofuatia.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Foreign Relations|date=2015-07-24|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315697550-11|work=United Arab Emirates (Routledge Revival)|pages=21–21|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-69755-0|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Barbour, Walworth, (4 June 1908–21 July 1982), US Ambassador to Israel, 1961–73|date=2007-12-01|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u161735|work=Who Was Who|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Aliweza kuhitimu katika Chuo cha [[Swarthmore]], akiwa na Shahada ya sanaa. Aliweza kutumikia kama [[mlinzi wa amani]] kule [[Mauritania|Mauritania,]] kuanzia mwaka 1982 hadi mwaka 1984.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Lamb|first=Yanick Rice|date=2009|title=Supplementing the News: An Industry-Based Description of Magazine Supplements in the Black Press 1950–2000|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmm.2009.0001|journal=Journal of Magazine Media|volume=11|issue=1|doi=10.1353/jmm.2009.0001|issn=2576-7895}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alikuwa ni waziri mshauri katika uchumi na masuala ya kisiasa kule [[Misri]] kuanzia mwaka 2003 mpaka mwaka 2006. Alikuwa ni Charge’ d’Affaires huko [[Syria|Syria,]] kuanzia mwaka 2006 mpaka mwaka 2008.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|last=Burroughs|first=Todd Steven|title=Abu-Jamal, Mumia|date=2009-02-09|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.45178|work=African American Studies Center|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt; Alikuwa ni waziri mshauri kwenye [[Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs]] kuanzia mwaka 2009 mpaka mwaka 2011.&lt;ref&gt;ILIINGIZWA 10-08-2022&lt;/ref&gt;

Lakini pia aliweza kutumikia kama Mkurugenzi wa [[Caliburn International,]] Mkandarasi wa kijeshi ambae hushughulikia oparesheni zainazohusu [[Makazi ya muda ya kuishi kwa watoto wasiojiweza na wasio na watu wowote wa kuandamana nao..|makazi ya muda ya kuishi kwa watoto wasiojiweza na wasio na watu wowote wa kuandamana nao.]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|date=2012|title=Famous building stones of our Nation's capital|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20123044|journal=Fact Sheet|doi=10.3133/fs20123044|issn=2327-6932}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|title=Unaccompanied Migrant Children|date=2022-02-21|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199791231-0252|work=Childhood Studies|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=2022-08-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;


'''Marejeo'''
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  <page>
    <title>Jim Courter</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156454</id>
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      <id>1241820</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T11:20:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kutafsiri makala, kuongeza picha na kuongeza jamii</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="522" xml:space="preserve">[[Faili:Jim Courter.jpg|thumb|'''Jim Courter''']]
'''James Andrew Courter''' (amezaliwa mnamo mwezi Octoba ya tarehe 14, mwaka 1941) ni mwanasiasa wa chama cha [[Chama cha Jamhuri cha Marekani|Republican]]  mwanasheria na mfanyabiashara. Aliwakilisha sehemu za Kaskazini magharibi mwa [[New Jersey]] kwenye [[Nyumba ya Wawakilishi ya Marekani|nyumba ya wawakilishi ya Marekani]] kuanzia mwaka 1979 hadi mwaka 1991. ,Mnamo mwaka 1989, [[alishindwa katika kugombea ugavana wa New Jersey.]]
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    <title>John Coyne (writer)</title>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-10T11:26:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Kutafsiri makala, kuongeza jamii</comment>
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      <text bytes="804" xml:space="preserve">'''John Coyne''' (amezaliwa 1937) Ni mwandishi wa [[Marekani|kimarekani.]][1] Ni mwandhishi wa vitabu zaidi ya 25 vikiwemo vitabu [[visivyo vya uongo]] na vile vya [[uongo]], ikijumuisha [[tamtilia kadhaa za kutisha]], hadithi fupi fupi ambazo zimeweza kukusanywa ndani ya bora ya anthologies mfano ''Modern Master of Horror na [[The Year’s Best Fantasy]]'' na ''[[Horror]].'' Alikuwa ni [[mtunza amani]] aliyepita wa kujitolea na mpenzi wa maisha yake katika [[Gofu (michezo)|Gofu]], ameweza kuhariri na kuandikia vitabu vinavyojihusisha na masomo yote mawili, ikijumuisha ''The Caddie Who Knew Ben Hogan, The caddie Who Played With Hickory na The Caddie Who Won the Masters.'' Kitabu chake cha hivi karibuni ni haddithi ya kimapenzi ilinayoitwa Long Ago na Far Away
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      <id>1241822</id>
      <parentid>1241821</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T11:29:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Salehe Adinan</username>
        <id>54827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kuongeza jamii</comment>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="829" xml:space="preserve">'''John Coyne''' (amezaliwa 1937) Ni mwandishi wa [[Marekani|kimarekani.]][1] Ni mwandhishi wa vitabu zaidi ya 25 vikiwemo vitabu [[visivyo vya uongo]] na vile vya [[uongo]], ikijumuisha [[tamtilia kadhaa za kutisha|Riwaya kadhaa za kutisha,]] hadithi fupi fupi ambazo zimeweza kukusanywa ndani ya bora ya anthologies mfano ''Modern Master of Horror na [[The Year’s Best Fantasy]]'' na ''[[Horror]].'' Alikuwa ni [[mtunza amani]] aliyepita wa kujitolea na mpenzi wa maisha yake katika [[Gofu (michezo)|Gofu]], ameweza kuhariri na kuandikia vitabu vinavyojihusisha na masomo yote mawili, ikijumuisha ''The Caddie Who Knew Ben Hogan, The caddie Who Played With Hickory na The Caddie Who Won the Masters.'' Kitabu chake cha hivi karibuni ni haddithi ya kimapenzi ilinayoitwa Long Ago na Far Away
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